Name: 過去完了形を学ぶ｜英文法基礎講座 (Learn Past Perfect Tense | Basic English Grammar Course)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T11:20:08.000Z
Duration: 10 min 50 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

未来形

In this video, I will introduce the past perfect tense.

This tense is used to describe an action that took place at a specific time in the past.

This tense can be a little tricky, but don't worry I will guide you through it.

There's so much to learn and it's a very important tense.

Let's take a look at the first usage of the past perfect tense.

This tense can be used to describe an action in the past

that happened before another action in the past.

'I have visited China before I moved there.'

No matter what the subject you follow with 'had',

Then, we follow with the past participle of the verb.

Now you'll notice that the second verb is in the past simple tense.

And I'll talk about that a little bit more later on.

Again, 'subject', 'had' and 'past participle'.

'Steve had bought the book before he read it.'

Again, we have the simple tense of 'read' which is 'read'.

And finally, 'The plane had left by the time I got to the airport.'

Again, the first part of this sentence is in the past perfect tense.

The second verb says, 'I got to the airport.'

Now what these three sentences have in common is that you'll see, 'before'.

The verb that is in the past perfect tense happened first.

The verb that's in the past simple tense happen after.

'before I move there' That happened later.

Before that, 'I had already visited China.'

'When they arrived, we had already started the game.'

So maybe they were late or something had happened.

But 'When they arrived', this is the past simple tense.

Earlier I mentioned that the past perfect tense can be used to describe an action

that happened in the past before another action in the past.

We can do the same thing but also emphasize the duration.

'I had owned my computer for two months before it broke.'

'I had' and the past participle of the verb.

This part shows the action that happened earlier in the past.

The past simple tense verb shows the action in the past

that happened later than the first action.

However, you'll notice that this sentence has a duration, 'for two months'.

All I'm doing here is showing how long the first action had been true.

'Jim had been lonely for a long time until he got a puppy.'

Again, we have subject 'had', past participle.

And then we have the past simple 'he got a puppy'.

All we're doing here is emphasizing how long first action had been true.

That is until the later action, 'he got a puppy.'

And finally, 'She and I had been friends for many years before she became my wife.'

The first part of the sentence is the past perfect.

But I want to explain how long that had been true for many years.

Now I'll introduce how to form the negative in the past perfect tense.

The first sentence says, 'I had not eaten at the restaurant before I went yesterday.'

Again, we have the past perfect tense here and the past simple tense here.

This one is the action that happened earlier in the past

And this one over here is the action that happened later in the past.

However, because this is the negative, what I'm going to do is add a 'not' between

the 'had' and the past participle of the verb.

and say, 'I hadn't eaten at the restaurant before I went yesterday.'

'She had not been to the circus before she went last week.'

Here's the action that happened earlier in the past,

and here's the action that happened later in the past.

I put a 'not' between 'had' and the past participle of the verb.

Also, I can use the contraction and say, 'She hadn't been to the circus.'

'The cat hadn't chased the bird for very long before it flew away.'

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過去完了形を学ぶ｜英文法基礎講座 (Learn Past Perfect Tense | Basic English Grammar Course)

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