Name: なぜアメリカにはまだ貧困があるのか？| エコノミスト (Why is there still poverty in America? | The Economist)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T11:18:27.000Z
Duration: 10 min 7 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

Whatever you think poverty today looks like...

様態の副詞

...it probably doesn't look much like this

In one of the most affluent counties in America...

We've had clients come to us that have said...

...I've rinsed out a diaper and I've re-used it...

...I've turned a diaper inside out and I've re-used it

Sometimes I've left my child in a diaper for far longer than I should have

There is no government support in America to help pay for diapers

And many poor families struggle to afford them

America is the richest big country in the world

Its unemployment rate couldn't be much lower

So why does it have so many people living in poverty?

In America almost 40m people are living in poverty

That's nearly one-eighth of the population living...

...on less than $26,000 a year for a family of four

...poverty in absolute terms has actually decreased in recent years

...and that change is making it much harder to fight

Poverty used to be more of an inner-city phenomenon

But as housing costs rocketed, poverty exploded in the suburbs

Now there are 3m more poor people in suburbs than cities

Yet suburban counties spend one-tenth as much...

...to support poor residents as urban counties

Which is why some residents of Lake County, Illinois...

...depend on charity handouts for diapers

So you can come twice a month, just not twice in the same week

She set up the charity nine years ago in her basement

Initially she distributed second-hand children's clothes to poor families

But soon she found there was an overwhelming need for diapers

So that's an expense that many, many families struggle to afford

People are faced with you know not only diaper need...

It's very prevalent even here in what's considered a wealthier community

Xavier has been using the diaper pantry for the last few months

...anything that's not covered by health insurance

Let me take this shirt off, you've got another one on

There's a programme, they help out a lot with healthy food

And you can get some vouchers with beans, cheese, milk

I cook a lot of spaghetti because it usually lasts longer

Poverty in America is becoming more concentrated

We know that the effect of being poor and living in a poor neighbourhood...

...is much worse than being poor and living in an integrated neighbourhood

Especially for children, in terms of the kind of school that they go to...

And it's children who are affected the most

One child in every six in America is poor

I see other families and they're out enjoying this and they're at the mall...

My kids ask and I had to keep saying I can't, we can't

To understand we need to go back to the 1960s

President Lyndon B. Johnson went on a poverty tour of America

And he was so shocked by what he saw he launched an ambitious plan

And this administration today, here and now...

...declares unconditional war on poverty in America

That war involved an array of programmes...

...many of which still exist in some form today

These included expanding both the cash benefit for the elderly...

...called Social Security, as well as food stamps...

If we look at the data—without the safety-net programmes...

...roughly the same number of Americans would be as poor today...

But if you include the effect of the safety-net programmes...

Elder poverty in the 1950s was a huge problem...

...but along the way Social Security hugely reduced...

...the amount of poverty among the elderly

Sounds good, but not if you compare America's efforts...

Before the benefit of safety nets is applied...

...America's poverty rate is comparatively low

But with it included, it's one of the worst performing...

In part, that's because America's safety-net programmes...

...have tended to benefit the elderly more than other groups...

Those programmes are not doing as much as they might...

...in a country like Finland, for example

Finland has a child-poverty rate before taxes and transfers...

And after its safety net kicks in you cut that down to about 3%

Child poverty in America is remarkably high...

You have to ask yourself what is the future of a society...

The problem is food stamps, for example...

...can only be spent on specific things...

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なぜアメリカにはまだ貧困があるのか？| エコノミスト (Why is there still poverty in America? | The Economist)

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