For a phantomtrafficjamtoform, theremustbe a lotofcarsontheroad.
幻の交通渋滞が発生するためには、道路上にたくさんの車があるはずです。
Thatdoesn't meantherearenecessarilytoomanycarstopassthrough a stretchofroadwaysmoothly, atleastnotifeverydrivermaintainsthesameconsistentspeedandspacingfromotherdrivers.
Thesestop-and-gowavescantravelalong a highwayformiles.
これらの、停止と発進の波は、高速道路上の何マイルにも及びます。
With a lowdensityofcarsontheroad, trafficflowssmoothlybecausesmalldisturbances, likeindividualcarschanginglanesorslowingdownat a curve, areabsorbedbyotherdrivers' adjustments.
Thisinturnmeansittakeslongerfor a localpileuptomoveoutof a sectionoftheroad, increasingvehicledensityevenmore, whicheventuallyaddsuptostop-and-gotraffic.
Insituationswherethere's already a trafficwave, theautomatedvehiclewouldbeabletoanticipateit, brakingsoonerandmoregraduallythan a humandriverandreducingthestrengthofthewave.