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  • The French and Indian War (1754–1763) is the name Americans gave to the Seven Years'

  • War. The war was fought between the colonies of British America and New France for control

  • of much of the North American continent. Colonists used the name French and Indian

  • War due to the primary enemies they faced: royal French forces and Native American Indian

  • tribes who allied with the French. The war was fought mostly along frontier areas

  • separating New France and the British North American colonies. It started as a dispute

  • in the Ohio River Valley region after French forces established Fort Duquesne in what the

  • British considered their territory. Virginia forces under the command of George Washington

  • were sent to force the French out, igniting the conflict.

  • The French won a series of victories in the war’s early stages, due in large part to

  • the success of General Louis Joseph de Montcalm. Yet, as the war dragged on, the French commander

  • found himself short of manpower and resources. Montcalm set up defenses inside Quebec, a

  • commanding position overlooking the St. Lawrence River.

  • The tide of the war had begun to turn because William Pitt had been named Prime Minister

  • of Britain. Pitt, fully committed to victory, threw Britain into heavy debt trying to win

  • the war. He convinced the colonies to provide more troops and money to the cause, and British

  • forces captured Duquesne, renaming it Fort Pitt in his honor. Today we call it Pittsburgh.

  • The crucial year came in 1759 when British General James Wolfe forced a decisive battle

  • with Montcalm that changed the course of the war. The Battle of Quebec was very brief,

  • but the future of Canada, Britain, France, and the unborn United States was decided in

  • less than fifteen minutes. It is commonly cited as one of the most important battles

  • in history as it ended 150 years of bloody strife for control of North America. As a

  • result, the French had to give up much of their land claims to North America as a part

  • of the Treaty of Paris in 1763. The war had vast economic, political, governmental,

  • and social ramifications for Britain, France, and Spain, as well as the colonists and numerous

  • Native American Indian tribes inhabiting the territories claimed by these nations.

  • The French and Indian War almost doubled Britain's national debt, and King George III, seeking

  • sources of revenue to pay off the 133 million pound cost, determined to impose new taxes

  • on the colonies to help pay for the cost of the war. These attempts were met with very

  • stiff resistance in the American Colonies, and decisions made by King George III, parliament,

  • and colonial leaders would eventually lead to the outbreak of the Revolutionary War.

The French and Indian War (1754–1763) is the name Americans gave to the Seven Years'

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歴史ブリーフ。フランスとインド戦争 (History Brief: The French and Indian War)

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    張亭萱 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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