Name: 2017年版 意味の地図02：マリオネット＆個人（前編 (2017 Maps of Meaning 02: Marionettes & Individuals (Part 1))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T10:44:29.000Z
Duration: 2 h 23 min 34 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

様態の副詞

So I am going to briefly review some of what I told you last time,

and then I am going to walk through as I mentioned, I am going to walk through

the Disney movie film Pinnochio and which I presume most of you have seen

Yeah, OK, that's, that's...so as I think I mentioned that is something in of itself right?

I mean the fact that you have all seen it means that it's an

production of cultural significance, and because it's such a strange artifact

That's one way of looking at it, it might be worth

trying to take it apart to understand why it is, for example, that you even understand it.

I offered you the proposition last week that we

view the world as essentially through a narrative lens

and I believe that we view the world through a narrative lens

because the fundamental problem that we have to solve

as living creatures is how we should act in the world.

but also how we need to act in relationship to other people

and in relationship to the broader world in order to maintain our self across time.

so that's a complicated problem, right, it's not just how you survive

it's how you survive now and next week, and next month, and next year

and 50 years from now and maybe your,  your descendants as well

and then not only you across all those time frames but you and everyone else across all those time frames

and so, I would say that we have evolved mechanisms to solve that

I think that is self-evident in some sense because for example one of the mechanisms that

animals have evolved to deal with the problem of social being

even if they are not particularly social animals

is the dominance hierarchy, right, or you could call it hierarchy of authority or power, because

structures, social structures as mere power

structures is a terrible mistake, it's a terrible oversimplification

because power is no means the only, like force is what I mean

force is not a stable way of solving the problem of how to live together across time

the question is what is the stable way of solving how to live together

across time, and the really is the question and it's part of the question that

partly because it's a perennial problem, right, we face the problem of

how to organize ourselves in small social units

without undue conflict and then we face the larger problem

of how to organize ourselves into large social units without undue conflict and that conflict can be

absolutely devastating, and, and frequently is

so then I would also say that the first way of solving this problem isn't conscious

you may know, and you may not know that there are

really technically different forms of memory, so for example

which is the memory that you use to hold things like telephone numbers in your active imagination

it decays very rapidly, it's only 4 to 7 bits

well it's why phone numbers are, were at least

manage that as a loop that, and then there is

episodic memory, and that has two elements one is semantic and the other is episodic

Yes well there is procedural memory and then there is another

the kind of memory that you use to represent your

experiences to yourself, so let's say it is image laden and the other one is semantic

and semantic is your memory for facts and those are quite different, so for example

that is how you ride a bike, that is how you play the piano

that's how you play jazz music if you are in a combo

it's, it's the memory, it's a funny kind of memory because it is built right into you, you know, I mean

so is, so is, the kind of memory that you use to represent your own life, but it is much more malleable is some sense

so, what that means is that in your procedures

there is information that you don't know about, it's patterned information that you don't know about

you know, like, when you walk into a social gathering

you don't really think through how you are going to act

you know how to act, and if someone asks you

exactly what it is that you are doing and why, you could formulate a story about it

but the probability that, that it's the existence of that story that enabled you to act that way is zero, because

you have to react way faster than that, and so, you know have social knowledge

built into your nervous system because you have practiced being a social being for a very long period of time

and of course, then that social being has been shaped forever really, it's the right way of thinking about it

Now, we know that animals organized themselves into hierarchies

and we will say of dominance, because it is more true the farther back you go in time

at least since the time of the crustaceans, you know , when we split from out common ancestor 300 million years ago, and so

and it's true for social animals and non-social animals so

even animals that don't live together in groups

have to organize themselves into a hierarchy

in the space they inhabit, songbirds are a good example and they have dominance disputes all the time

partly that's, you can hear them having their little dominance disputes in the spring when they are singing because basically what they are singing is

I am pretty damn healthy and I am ready to go and if you are another bird like me you had better steer clear of this tree!

you know, they don't live together, crows are social but don't most songbirds aren't

the dominance songbirds get the best nest

and the best nest is the one that doesn't get rained on

it's not to windy and it is close to food sources, and

you know, so they have the healthiest chicks and they attract the best mates, and

like it is really important where you are positioned in the hierarchy even if you are not

like a flock or a herd creature, now, we are more like herd creatures so it's even more

字幕リスト動画再生

2017年版意味の地図02：マリオネット＆個人（前編 (2017 Maps of Meaning 02: Marionettes & Individuals (Part 1))

weird

anxiety

sort

conscious

2017年版 意味の地図02：マリオネット＆個人（前編 (2017 Maps of Meaning 02: Marionettes & Individuals (Part 1))

weird

anxiety

sort

conscious

2017年版意味の地図02：マリオネット＆個人（前編 (2017 Maps of Meaning 02: Marionettes & Individuals (Part 1))