Name: 人々がいつもサーモスタットの上で争っている理由 (Why People are Always Fighting Over the Thermostat)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T10:41:58.000Z
Duration: 5 min 54 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

can be one of the most frustrating squabbles

for us all to agree on a comfortable temperature.

and psychology explaining why different people

experience ambient temperatures differently.

It all starts with your skin, which is covered

in sensory nerves called thermoreceptors that

keeping it up-to-date on the temperature.

Your brain uses this information to keep your

body temperature stable and influence your

behavior so can you be comfortable as possible—

like putting on a hoodie in a chilly room,

or peeling off your winter coat on the first day of spring.

People generally feel most comfortable somewhere

in between the point where they start shivering

and the temperature when they start sweating.

the body has to do something to stay comfortable.

But within that range, there's what scientists call the

That's the range of ambient temperatures where you can regulate your body temperature

That essentially means you can stay comfy just by losing heat to your environment—like,

Some studies investigating the human TNZ place it somewhere between 28

and 32 degrees Celcius, but it varies a lot

from person to person and place to place.

And there are a lot of reasons for that variation.

Like, if that range seemed hot to you, that's because it's for naked people.

And your TNZ is affected by the clothing you wear because that changes the amount of insulation

you have.It's affected by the clothing you wear, for example, because that changes the

But there are features inherent to your body that affect it, too.

Like, your metabolism—the cellular activity that keeps you alive.

People with higher metabolisms produce more heat.

So, all other things being equal, they'd have lower TNZs.

Of course, all other things are never equal.

Like, since fat is great insulator, people who have thicker layers of subcutaneous fat

Body shape also plays a role—theoretically, since a lot of heat loss occurs via your skin,

the more skin you have, the more heat you can lose.

But, the more tissue you have overall, the more heat you produce in the first place.

So researchers generally talk about body surface area to mass ratios.

The larger the ratio, the harder it is to maintain heat.

And this may partly explain why women tend to feel colder than men at lower ambient temperatures.

There are always exceptions to this, but on average, men tend to be larger than women—they're

That means they have more skin, but also more tissue overall, so their surface area to mass

ratios tend to be smaller than those of women.

And since women have larger surface area to mass ratios on average, they probably don't

retain heat as well, so their TNZs are shifted upwards.

But let's remember, this isn't just a gender thing.

Like, there's no way Hafþór Björnsson, Kit Harrington, and Peter Dinklage all have

Body shape and composition can also help explain age differences in TNZ.

Newborn babies are essentially adorable bags of fat, which you might think would keep them

But all the fat in those chunky wittle thigh rolls is simply not enough to compensate for

the heat they are losing through their skin.

The surface area to mass ratios of infants are, on average, twice those of adults.

And accordingly, their TNZs are much higher, just like on the other end of the age spectrum.

In the elderly, the thermalneutral zone seems to be higher and narrower.

That's partly because people tend to lose some of their heat-generating muscles and

Some scientists believe the elderly also have a harder time regulating temperature in general,

thanks to age-related changes in their blood vessels.

And really, there's all kinds of stuff going on in our bodies and brains that can impact

Like, having low thyroid hormone levels, or hypothyroidism, can lead to an increased sensitivity

The condition slows your metabolism down, so you produce less body heat—and that can

leave you feeling really cold even though everyone else around you is cozy as can be.

And then there's Raynaud's Phenomenon, a condition that causes blood vessels in the

fingers and toes to constrict when a person gets cold or stressed out.

When this happens, warm blood can't get to the skin as well, so a person's digits

If you feel cold all the time and you're concerned about it, you should definitely

talk to a trusted healthcare professional.

It never hurts to get things checked out.

But the good news is nobody can catch “feeling cold” from you.

There is actually a real phenomenon known as Temperature Contagion, where just looking

at someone who appears cold or hot can make you feel colder or hotter, too!

For example,in a 2014 study, when healthy volunteers watched videos of people putting

their hands in visibly cold water, their hand temperatures actually decreased.

And remember, your sensing of the ambient temperature around you starts in your skin—so

if your skin temperature changes, so does your evaluation of your environment.

So whether it's a trick of the mind, the result of a medical condition, or simply the

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人々がいつもサーモスタットの上で争っている理由 (Why People are Always Fighting Over the Thermostat)

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