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Chapter II. WAGING WAR
1. Sun Tzu said: In the operations of war,
where there are in the field a thousand
swift chariots, as many heavy chariots, and
a hundred thousand mail-clad soldiers, with
provisions enough to carry them a thousand
li, the expenditure at home and at the
front, including entertainment of guests,
small items such as glue and paint, and
sums spent on chariots and armor, will
reach the total of a thousand ounces of
silver per day.
Such is the cost of raising an army of
100,000 men.
2. When you engage in actual fighting, if
victory is long in coming, then men's
weapons will grow dull and their ardor will
be damped.
If you lay siege to a town, you will
exhaust your strength.
3. Again, if the campaign is protracted,
the resources of the State will not be
equal to the strain.
4. Now, when your weapons are dulled, your
ardor damped, your strength exhausted and
your treasure spent, other chieftains will
spring up to take advantage of your
extremity.
Then no man, however wise, will be able to
avert the consequences that must ensue.
5. Thus, though we have heard of stupid
haste in war, cleverness has never been
seen associated with long delays.
6. There is no instance of a country having
benefited from prolonged warfare.
7. It is only one who is thoroughly
acquainted with the evils of war that can
thoroughly understand the profitable way of
carrying it on.
8. The skillful soldier does not raise a
second levy, neither are his supply-wagons
loaded more than twice.
9. Bring war material with you from home,
but forage on the enemy.
Thus the army will have food enough for its
needs.
10. Poverty of the State exchequer causes
an army to be maintained by contributions
from a distance.
Contributing to maintain an army at a
distance causes the people to be
impoverished.
11. On the other hand, the proximity of an
army causes prices to go up; and high
prices cause the people's substance to be
drained away.
12. When their substance is drained away,
the peasantry will be afflicted by heavy
exactions.
13,14. With this loss of substance and
exhaustion of strength, the homes of the
people will be stripped bare, and three-
tenths of their income will be dissipated;
while government expenses for broken
chariots, worn-out horses, breast-plates
and helmets, bows and arrows, spears and
shields, protective mantles, draught-oxen
and heavy wagons, will amount to four-
tenths of its total revenue.
15. Hence a wise general makes a point of
foraging on the enemy.
One cartload of the enemy's provisions is
equivalent to twenty of one's own, and
likewise a single picul of his provender is
equivalent to twenty from one's own store.
16. Now in order to kill the enemy, our men
must be roused to anger; that there may be
advantage from defeating the enemy, they
must have their rewards.
17. Therefore in chariot fighting, when ten
or more chariots have been taken, those
should be rewarded who took the first.
Our own flags should be substituted for
those of the enemy, and the chariots
mingled and used in conjunction with ours.
The captured soldiers should be kindly
treated and kept.
18. This is called, using the conquered foe
to augment one's own strength.
19. In war, then, let your great object be
victory, not lengthy campaigns.
20. Thus it may be known that the leader of
armies is the arbiter of the people's fate,
the man on whom it depends whether the
nation shall be in peace or in peril.
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孫子の兵法　第二章 (Chapter 02 - The Art of War by Sun Tzu - Waging War)

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richardwang 2014 年 3 月 22 日 に公開

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