Name: スプレッドシート脚注：選挙人投票・配分編 (Spreadsheet Footnote: Electoral College & Apportionment Edition)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T10:20:34.000Z
Duration: 42 min 56 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

Right now, I am uploading the video to my YouTube channel.

This is the one about the sneaky plan for the Electoral College.

Now, as part of making my videos, I often make spreadsheets.

So here is the spreadsheet that I made while working on the video.

And while I'm waiting for that video to upload, I thought, Why don't I just talk you through this thing a little bit?

This isn't Ah, tight explanation or anything.

This is just going to be a scroll down spreadsheet lane with Gray as I tell you about some of the things that I did while making the video.

Okay, so for this video going up originally wanted to have something about apportionment and the Electoral College.

Every state gets a certain number of votes.

Uh, what are the exact details of how this happens now that part of the video got cuts and I was originally thinking it was going to become its own little thing on, and that didn't end up going anywhere for reasons that might become obvious as we talk through a bunch of this stuff.

Here we have all of the state's, their current estimated populations, the flag of each of these states, very important to have.

Of course, the Electoral College votes that they get.

And then the thing that drives many people to madness is how many people her Electoral college votes.

So this column down here represents how many people does it take in the state to get one Electoral college vote?

So in Hawaii, for every 355,000 people, there are four Electoral College votes.

If you go to Arizona, there's the formula.

It takes 650,000 people per electoral college votes, and you get that number by just dividing the population by the Electoral College votes there colorized here because I've divided them up into Quintiles five groups.

So you conceived, like, most proportionate and least proportionate, and we can sort that column now.

So here we are, in who is least represented to most represented as faras Electoral College votes are considered now is interesting.

Here is Texas is currently the top contender for most unrepresented by Electoral College votes, and California, which was the winner of this dubious distinction is currently in third place.

Florida is in second, and if we go down to the bottom here hoops we can see the usual.

It only takes 192,000 people to get one electoral college vote in Wyoming.

You can think of this as if you are running for office.

You need a majority of the Electoral College votes.

As you go further down this line, you need to convince fewer people in the state to vote for you to get an electoral college vote.

And if you're in the top here, you need to convince a larger number of voters to vote for you to get a proportionally smaller number of votes.

Okay, so the question, though, is how does this number get determined?

Well, the number of Electoral College votes is dependent on the number of seats in the U.

S House of Representatives has 435 seats, so this 435 is going to be distributed among the 50 states, roughly in proportion with the population.

So if we take the population, put everyone in population order, you can see that roughly speaking, as we go down the population, you can see that the number of house seats is proportional ish to that number.

So the more people, the more house seats you get, the Electoral College votes is just the house seats plus two.

So that's a very easy calculation to D'oh.

Now you notice when I sort by the population over here the current population of each state, the current population per electoral college vote.

It doesn't stay in those nice Quintiles anymore.

Well, it's because the house seat number depends on not what is the current population, but what was the population at the last census?

So here we have now, what was the population at the last census?

This is a little hard to look at, so we can add in this column, which shows us the population growth or in some cases, like with Illinois, the population decline of estate.

It's if we sort by this thio sort of sending so we can see that Texas and Utah Texas in Utah have grown quite a lot since last census, and Vermont, West Virginia in Illinois have all shrunk a little since the last census.

So the longer it goes between Census is, the less the current state of the House seats represents the current population, which then, of course, since the Electoral College is just this number plus two means the Electoral College also gets a little bit whacked.

So right now, Texas is at the shortest end of the stick here with having had a big population growth that isn't reflected in an increase in house seats.

Illinois, Vermont and West Virginia maybe should have fewer seats.

Well, not Vermont, because they only have one, and one is the minimum number you can have.

But Illinois in West Virginia might lose seats the next time around because their population has shrunk again.

It just useful to keep in mind that if someone gains a seat like Texas, it has to come from somewhere else because this 435 number is kept the same.

Congress passed a law saying they're not going to be any more seats than that.

So the seat numbers just have to give readjusted every census.

Well, uh, this led me down a little bit of a rabbit hole.

Okay, So the start of the process is that each state gets one seat in the house.

So this is the way things look at the beginning.

Everybody starts with one, no matter how large or how small your state.

Now again, this process is based on the census population, not what the current population is.

So here we have the census population per representative.

So this is thinking about the census population divided by the number of house seats.

That's what this formula is showing us here.

California gets one seat in the house and three Electoral College votes for 37 million people.

Wyoming has one house seat, three Electoral college votes for 568,000 people.

So part of what happened in the process of making this video is, I had originally thought the method for apportioning the House seats was by taking this number population per representative, see who is the worst off and you give them representative, which then drops them low, sort of re sort by descending.

Now it's New York's turn to now sort again by descending and just keep going, adding seats, always giving one seat to whoever has the worst representation based on this column, and do that until you run out of house seats.

But it turns out that is not the method by which the seats are apportioned.

That's sort of the idea behind it, but the details ended up, as they almost always are, being much more complicated and much more inscrutable.

So let's reset these couples numbers and talk about what actually happened, which is partly why there's no video about seat apportionment.

Here we are on the Wikipedia page for United States House of Representatives, and we can go to the section on apportionment.

Okay, there's a little summary of it, but let's forget that we can go to the actual page on congressional reapportionment.

So it turns out there's a bunch of different methods that have been used over time.

Okay, so blah, blah, blah, blah, blah We get down to here.

So what is the actual apportionment method?

So it turns out it's this thing called the Huntington Hill Method is what's currently used.

So if we go on to the more detailed page, this is description down here, which runs through the math of how it works.

Now this is talking about the General Huntington Hill method, but I wanted to know the exact details for the U.

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スプレッドシート脚注：選挙人投票・配分編 (Spreadsheet Footnote: Electoral College & Apportionment Edition)

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