So in today's video, we're going to down Maur into permissions in the Lenox World.

So I'm a previous video.

I showed you how permissions work and the limits world where essentially you have three permissions you have read you have right and you have execute.

And you can assign those permissions to the user account that owns the folder, the group account that owns the folder and then everybody else again, it is important to understand that in the Lenox world, permissions are very, very, very simple for good and for ill.

The fact of the matter is that they are simple, that is, this is not the Windows world.

We're in Windows Active Directory.

Holy crap.

At this point in time, you can probably get a certification just in permissions alone because there is so much going on with permissions and Windows Active directory in the Lenox world, it's simple.

You just only got about six configurations and that's absolutely it.

So I show you how the numbering system worked again.

What, 777 means or seven?

41 means that type of thing when we're talking about Lennox permissions.

And so today I'm going to show you how to actually set those permissions.

So the big the big tools that we're gonna be using today something called C h o W n basically came owner.

So with this commander able to change the ownership of a file or folder so you can change the user account ownership and you can change the group account ownership for the file folder so that the permissions that correspond to the user account owner and the group account owner can then be aside to the user and to that group account.

And then I will also show you the change Mod Command or C H M o D.

A command on what this does is this actually allows you to kink the permission for a file folder.

So you can you see h m o d you know than 777751157 Whatever had how you want the permissions to be, so I'll show you those two commands today and those will be the two primary commands, and I'm showing you.

We'll also show you a couple of other commands that are interesting, such as the group's command.

The group's command allows you to see what groups a surfing user account is.

A member of said.

That could be very useful and also show you the members commands.

The members Command actually shows you the members of a specific group.

So again, this is one of those problems you get into within the Lenox world, where everything is really simple, just so long as you know, specific information, right?

If you know what the members of a group are, you know what the groups are.

It's very easy to then assign permissions, but one of the problems again, especially if you're coming into a Lennox system that's been running for a number of years.

One of the questions that you have to ask yourself is, Do you know the members of a group?

Do you want to give specific people permission to a file or folder on that can run you into a bit of a problem.

If you don't know how to get that information, so I'll be showing you the group's command.

I'll be showing you the members command and then I'll actually show you something called the Cat Command to look in the group file.

Then that will actually show you all the groups in your particular clinic server s O that again.

You can make sure what groups are there and who you want to make.

The group user.

Four files and folders.

So with that, let's go over to my Lennox system to show you how all this works.

So here we are, my Lennox system.

Again, I'm using a bunch of 18.4 point three.

Lt s But everything that I'm showing you today should Maur less work on whatever distribution you're using and should be useful for a decade to come, at least.

So we're gonna log in with user account Bob and my super secret password.

123456 And this then logs us into the server.

I will clear the scream the first thing they'll dio as I do many times it's P W d command.

So this will show us the folder that we're currently at Mess.

We're in the Bob folder in the home directory and then what?

I'm going to do is I'm going to l s so list hyphen.

L So this is going to list the files and folders within this directory and give us some more of that security information.

So what do l s l give me total of four results, and I could go over here and I can see the different things from a test file, a test folder, a timber file and a tim file too.

So those four items, basically I have three files and one folder against you with the permissions are so for the test file read, write for the user account that owns the test file read, write for the group user account that owns test file and then read permission for everybody else.

We come over here and we take a look at the user in the group account.

So we have the bob user account.

And whenever you create a user, they're also given their own group.

So basically, you could guess the signed permission to sexually to one user.

Eso bob, Bob, have the reed, right?

Permission and then everybody else has the reed permission.

Take a look at the test folder.

We can see the DEA's.

That's for directory.

So the user account that owns this has read, right?

Execute Theglobe account that owns this has read execute, and then everybody else, for some reason, has an execute permission.

So he over here again.

See, the user account that owns this particular folder is Sue.

Uh, the group account that owns this particular folder is another group, so Sue has read, right?

Execute permission.

Members of the another group group have read Execute permission.

We come down here to the temple file, we can see that the owner has read, right?

Execute permission.

The group owner has read execute permission and the everybody else as they execute permission.

So Tim has read, right?

Execute permission.

Members of the test group have read Execute permission.

We go down here, we see temp file, too.

And again, Bob is the owner.

Test group is the group owner, and we can go over and we can take a look at the permissions.

There s so that basically just gives you an idea of the files, folders, permissions and group ownership within this particular directory s.

So the first thing that I may be interested in is basically wondering.

I wonder what groups I am a part of, right?

So I want to do a sign, uh, permissions so that I'm able to access a file or folder.

But I may be may not want to be the specific the the user owner of that file folder.

One of the questions that ship can be asked is what groups am I a member of?

So if I simply use the group's command so the group's command absolutely nothing else and hit Enter.

This shows me what groups I am a member.

So I am the Bob accounts that Bob is the initial count that's created when you create.

You bumped it when you install the U Bahn to server.

So I'm in that Bob S O.

I'm in all the groups that are part of that.

And so I am a member of the Bob Group.

I'm a member of the A T M Group.

I'm a member of the CD ROM's group, the pseudo group, because I could use Ooh d'oh dip plug, depth, Alexey.

So these are the members I am currently or these air the group's I am currently a member of.

But let's think about it for a second ago, huh?

I wonder what groups Tim is a member of or sue.

So if I use groups space and then simply whatever the user name is, let's say, Tim, the sooner I can see that Tim is a member of the Temple Group and he's a member of the test group.

If I do groups and then Chloe in Soo, see what she's a member off?

I can see that Sue is a member of the Sioux groups.

That's just the group that's created when her use your town is creative and also the test group.

So this is a way I can sit there and see what groups certain users are members off now.

An interesting thing also is there's actually a member's command that you can use now if you're going to use the members a command, at least on a bun to 18.4 Lt s you actually have to add it.

So you have to use pseudo at life and get install members.

But once you've installed it, you can actually see the members of groups.

So if I do members and then I simply do space and then let's say I do test group en er, then I can see the members of the group test group are Tim and Sue.

So again, that's another way of sitting there.

If I'm sitting here and going, okay, well, who are the members of Test Group?

So I know how the permissions are being dealt with my new members test group and plug that in Oregon.

New members, another group and dinner?

No, I guess there are no members of another group, so I know.

Okay, so and that's when the problems you can run into in the real world is imagine you create a group, you forget to put members into that group, and then you create the permission.

You make that a group owner.

That might be the problem you're running into.

You meant to put a user into that group, but you didn't.

Now, if we do clear one of things that I can show you is you can also use this thing called The cat Command is basically the cat command allows you to view files in the system, and so we do forward slash e t c E T C four slash group This is the text file that has all of your groups.

And then what I'm going to do is I'm gonna pipe this through less so I can I can see this and what scroll by me.

And so what this is going to do is this basically is going to allow me to view this final cold group this file called Group in the E.

T.

C.

Folder.

This is all of the group's on your computer, so again you can also see what's there.

And then I'm piping this through less so that I can scroll through it.

Someone hit, enter.

And so this is going to show me all of the different groups and then, obviously also the members of the group's a route.

Damon Ben insists ADM.

Means assist long as a member of the group, Bob is a member of the group.

When you go down here a CD, Rahm Bob is a member of the group.

And then if I hit, enter Aiken simply step through and see what the different groups are.

So I'm trying to look for all the groups in the system again, like here.

You can see test group down here and 10 and Sue are members.

So that's another way to take a look at the group's at the system.

And then what the members of those groups are, then what we do is we get cubes of cute to quit out of this and we're back at the command.

Prompt, and I will hit clear.

So we go back to a clear screen.

Now we're going to do is we're actually going to change the owner of a file on the system.

So do l.

Last cipher elegant, and let's take a look at the file.

So let's say we have this test.

Pharmacies have this test file.

It is currently owned by Bob.

It's owned by the group Bob S.

So let's change the ownership.

So what we can do is, uh, I just but sue here just to make sure it all goes through properly, says I'm the owner should be fine.

But again, when you're doing the maintenance tasks, you just put Sue do, it could make life a lot easier for you.

I'm going to do strange.

Oh, so C H O W n.

And then what you're going to do is you're going to say first, say the user account, you want to change the owner, too.

So it's going to be Tim and I can't do Colon and then I can change the group account.

So I'm going to change it to 10 and test group.

So basically, pseudo change own Tim is the user account Colon and then test group is the group account we can see currently.

It's Bob Bob.

Then I do space you test file.

So this is the file that we're going to be changing the ownership for.

And then I hit her password.

123456 Super secret hit Enter.

And it is now done.

I do.

L s hyphen.

L we can take a look.

And so where?

Chest file was owned by Bob Bob before it is now owned by Tim Test Group.

Now let's say I wanted to simply change three user account that owns that particular file.

What I could do was again just do sudoku to make my life easier, okay?

Own.

Then I could simply put a name.

So Bob So that's the user account test file.

So this will change the ownership for the user account to Bob for test file.

I hit.

Enter l s hyphen.

L we can see now that Bob is owner Test Group is the group owner of test file.

Now, what if I just want to change the group owner so I don't want to change the user account owner, Just the group owner.

I can leave the user account out and simply knew Colon and then the group name.

And that will be for the group owner.

So pseudo change own space colon, so we'll just change it to another group.

So we're going to go.

We're going to change the group owner from a ship from test group to another group space test file, and then you're gonna hit Enter l s hyphen l.

And now we can see another group is the group owner, and Bob is the user account owner for test file.

So that is what we're dealing with when we're changing either the user account or the group account that owns a particular file.

Now it is a little bit different when you're dealing with folders.

So let me be clear.