Oneistofilllivingleafcellswithconcentratedsugarysap, a biologicalversionofanti-freeze.
一つは、生きた葉の細胞に濃縮された糖液(生物学的凍結防止剤)を注入することです。
Sometrees, mostlyevergreenconiferslikepinesorspruce, usesolelythistechniqueandkeeptheirneedle-likeleavesunfrozenyear-roundwith a superstronganti-freeze.
Butotherspecies, likemaplesandbirchesandlarches, combine a lessextremelevelofsugarintheirleaveswiththepracticeofgoingleaflessduringthewintertoavoidfoliarfrostbite.