Coronaviruses are a type of virus they're called RNA viruses and they can

infect both humans and animals. So there are four human coronaviruses that

circulate each year in people they usually have an uptick in the winter

months particularly in regions like the United States and they cause between 10

and 30% of upper respiratory tract infections in adults. They're very

similar to the common cold and they don't tend to cause severe disease. So

far the reports that we've had from Wuhan are that people are presenting

with a pneumonia, so basically what that means is they're having a bad cough,

shortness of breath, sometimes they go on to develop respiratory failure. They

can't breathe on their own and then in some cases die from that. Most of the

cases have also reported a fever. We don't know a whole lot about how the

virus is spread, we're assuming that it came from an animal but we don't know

which one and then came into the human population that way. There's now clear

evidence that it's also being transmitted from person to person which

is new in the past week. How quickly things are spreading and whether that

person-to-person transmission will continue and sustain a major outbreak we

don't know the answer to those questions. There's no treatment or vaccine for any

of the coronaviruses that are in humans even the typical ones that we see all

the time that caused common cold symptoms. The the risk of obtaining this

virus in the U.S. is so low unless you've traveled to Wuhan. Here at Penn

State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center we're always prepared for unusual

and concerning infectious diseases. We've been preparing for this ever since the

Ebola outbreak in 2014 and we have plans in place in case we would have a case of

this virus here. In the United States the Centers for

Disease Control and Prevention is our first line about tracking and obtaining

information on this new virus they maintain a very nice website that gives

updated information about the cases that they're seeing in Wuhan, risk to other

areas in the world, what to do if you need to travel and what to do if you

have symptoms.

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