Name: 華為：全体像 (Huawei: The Big Picture)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T08:22:41.000Z
Duration: 12 min 20 s
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基礎受動態

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The day, Mao Zedong died, three decades after founding the People's Republic of China.

Few countries are so easily divided into two distinct eras.

With his death, the economic walls around the Red Dragon slowly fell, allowing the largest

population on earth access to the world economy.

In 1978, there were, essentially zero private companies.

All were state-owned, with only a tiny 140,000 people, or 0.01% of its population, employed

Just three years later, thanks to Mao's successor, Deng Xiaoping, that number was

China in the '80s and '90s was the golden opportunity to start a company.

Big, inefficient state-owned corporations had left huge gaps in the economy, people

were moving to the city, finally, with money to spend, and the government was eager to

Which is to say, Ren Zhengfei couldn't have picked a better time than 1987 to start his

A few years later, it won a contract with the People's Liberation Army, which, although

small in financial terms, was huge for winning favor with the Communist Party, who then protected

With this help, Huawei became, today, the 2nd largest phone company in the world, just

Up until just a few months ago, it was expected to pass Samsung to become number one, lead

the world in the spread of 5G and gain even more market share than its current 29% of

all telecommunications equipment on earth.

Then, with one, swift signature, Huawei was banned.

Not only does this stop the company from selling equipment in the U.S., but all Huawei products,

everywhere are banned from working with American companies, who supply Huawei with components

like Intel chips, and software like the Google Play Store.

So, is Huawei, as the United States claims, a real threat to national security?

A trojan horse for the Chinese government?

The problem with most answers to these questions is that they focus only on the technology,

But to really understand Huawei, you have to marry all three.

It's a pretty reasonable question and should have a pretty simple answer.

You don't usually need to go around reading Articles of Incorporation, just some common

A few decent clues are whoever's office is on the 100th floor, or, maybe, whoever's

Because, of course, the structure of a company is not designed for our legibility, but, rather,

to make more money or limit somebody's power.

So, you see lots of weird subsidiaries, holding companies without employees based in the Virgin

Islands, deliberately confusing names, and dual-class shares.

Take John, for example, of Papa fame, who, facing public pressure, resigned as the company

A few weeks later, John decided actually, he'd like to return to his pizza Papa position.

Hard pass!” and changed the company's bylaws to block their own largest shareholder

One time, a pharmaceutical company called Rockwell Medical split into two legal corporations,

each claiming to be the real, legitimate Rockwell Medical Incorporated with the same address

and same shareholders, leaving everyone wondering, who's the real pope?

The point is, it's actually not that simple of a question.

And, that's before you add the whole Socialism twist.

If you do ask Huawei who owns the company, they'll happily take you to a special room

in their Shenzhen headquarters, where a giant blue book, because little and red were taken,

Exactly the way you'd expect a multi-billion dollar tech company to keep its records.

In it, Huawei says, is a list of every person who owns shares in the company.

And, as they'll enthusiastically assure you, none of these people are the Chinese

Huawei Technology LLC is 100% owned by a holding company called Huawei Investment & Holding,

Huawei's CEO owns about 1%, and the rest, the Union of Huawei Investment & Holding.

It says this is only for legal reasons, and, I'll remind you, convoluted ownership structures

For all practical purposes, Huawei claims, the company is owned by its employees - the

names in the blue book - who own stock in the company.

What Huawei calls stock is, actually, apologizes in advance to non-business majors, Synthetic

Equity, or, for maximum, put-it-in-the-parking-lot, synergize, circle-back jargon-points, Restricted

It's a lot like regular equity - shareholders, in this case, Huawei employees, receive a

share of the company's profits - a dividend.

They stand to make money, so they're incentivized to add value to the company.

Except it's “synthetic” - as in not totally… real.

It can't be sold or transferred, doesn't give much say in the operations of the company,

and, if an employee, for any reason, leaves the company, he or she must also sell back

As two American researchers summarize “…this virtual stock ownership has nothing to do

It is purely a profit-sharing incentive scheme.”

When we ask the question “Who owns Huawei?”, what we're really asking is who, if they

really wanted the company to do something, like, say, spy on foreign countries, has the

The answer, it seems, is the union, who owns the holding company, who owns the company.

This time the answer is much easier: Under Chinese labor law, Unions are subject to their

superior branch - local Unions answer to provincial unions, all the way up through a winding python

of hierarchy, ending at the chairman of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, who

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華為：全体像 (Huawei: The Big Picture)

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