Name: スノーシューウサギの調査 (Snowshoe Hare Research)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T04:44:27.000Z
Duration: 7 min 27 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

[James] My first fall, when I was up trapping with Tucker,

um, he had to go off and set a line  and I was still on the road and I had, uh,

some telemetry equipment with me. And this truck rolled by and it had

some hunters in it and they're blanged with  blaze orange, and they stopped and they

asked me what I was doing and I said,  "Oh, i'm radio collaring some snowshoe hares."

And they asked me if I could  radio collar some elk for them,

because they had a hard time  finding them.  [laughs]

I said I would if I could,  but I can't. [laughs]

I go to Seeley Lake just about every  weekend for at least a day.

I spend a lot of time with  Brandon Davis and Tucker Sites.

We have a good time up there.  We get a lot of work done,

in some pretty tough conditions,  um, but it's a lot of fun, we learn a lot,

and we're getting to use a lot of things  that we have been taught in classes.

[Dr. L. Scott Mills]  James, Brandon, and Tucker are,

are really great representatives of the,  of the quality of undergraduates that we have

here at the University and really all over, students  that are learning the, the craft of wildlife biology.

[Brandon]  I'll take that. I'll do date. A little [inaudible]...

Alright, i'm going to go ahead  and toss these on the trap.

[Dr. L. Scott Mills]  Everybody likes to call hares bunnies,

people like to call hares rabbits.  In one big way that hares are different

from rabbits is that hares are exposed  to predetors from day one.

Rabbits, as we know from storybooks, rabbits  live in warrens, rabbits live underground.

Rabbits are born helpless,  eyes closed, safe from predetors.

Momma takes care of them  for quite awhile.

Hares, by contrast, are born right  where mom drops em.

No hare ever dies of old age, they,  they typically will be dead within a year.

The most consistant signal of climate change  in temperate regions is a redcution in number

of days with snow on the ground.  What hares have evolved is a way

of tracking their camouflage with the seasons by,  um, changing their coat color from brown to white

[Brandon Davis] It is possible, when hares are mismatched,

uh, their mortality rates increase.  So this is, you know, critical to their survival.

85% of their, of mortalities, is due to predation.  If we get a really fast signal coming back to us,

that means its mortality.  So our goal is to go find that collar

as soon as possible and then  get it back on hares as fast as we can.

Because we wanna get as many hares,  collared hares, in the field as possible.

[Dr. L. Scott Mills] So it’s been about fourteen years that,

that I’ve been doing the  snowshoe hare research.

Studying population dynamics of hares  gave me a really great appreciation for how

many different ways hares can die, and that of  course is quite important for forest management.

[James] I am kind of like a CSI investigator.

I'm investigating the, the scene of some  mortality event, or hopefully some survival event,

that has happened in the past. And once I reach that site with the GPS,

I take a canopy closure photo looking  straight up through the forest canopy;

and I use that photo to measure the percent  closure that the forest has at that location.

From that location I measure three  different sub plots, and at those sub plots,

five meters from the plots center,  I measure the horizontal cover.

At those sub plots I also measure  the ground species diversity.

This is something that forest managers  could use to maintain a persistence

of snowshoe hare populations in,  in a forest; even though they want to

[Dr. L. Scott Mills] With this appreciation of how many ways hares

can die, it really set me up for this question of,  'well what happens when this white hare

is on a brown background?'  So what happens when you have

a species whose change from brown to white  is triggered by daylight? So daylight shortens,

but the snow perhaps doesn't come.  Or daylight lengthens, but the snow

is already, is already gone.  The big question here is

can hares adapt to climate change?  There is a potential for adaptation,

both through evolution and through  behavioral plasticity, or behavioral changes.

Brandon's project, uh, is looking at one  of those components of behavioral plasticity.

snowshoe hare behavioral response  to a potential predator.

Our goal is to see if mismatched hares  flee sooner than hares that are matched.

[Brandon] Pull the antenna up and you get a, you,

you get a signal back from the collar.  It's like beep...beep...beep...

[Dr. L. Scott Mills] Tucker is as good as anybody I’ve ever seen

in using radio telemetry to find animals.  He's got a really uncanny sense, sense for that.

Walking in with the dog on a leash,  so the hares never actually in danger,

and recording the distance at which the hare  flees and the cover that the hare is hidden in,

the dog went in and the hare came out.  It was pretty neat. The best one we've had so far.

We'll measure the flight initiation distance when  the hare flees from the approaching predator.

And we take a picture from the hare’s  perspective, or the hare’s eye level,

of that cut out to see the concealment  seen from the hare’s perspective. ...

Uh yeah I tried to get as much lead  as possible; and I did, and it worked.

[Brandon] Well they call us the red headed dynamic duo,

because we do match.  I mean I’ve been up there

almost every, every weekend this semester  and she's been right there next to me.

[Dr. L. Scott Mills] You learn so much everyday with,

when you're out working with dedicated,  passionate, competent, uh, students.

And this enthusiasm;  that's always invigorating for me to see.

[Tucker] There we go, there's one. *beep...beep*

[Brandon] How many do we have that are alive right now?

[Dr. L. Scott Mills] You can't get too attached to something

that only lives for a few months and  then is killed by a predator.