Name: 内分泌系入門 (Intro to the endocrine system )
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T08:07:10.000Z
Duration: 9 min 37 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

SALMAN KHAN: I'm here at
Stanford Medical School

with Neil Gesundheit,
who's a faculty member here

SALMAN KHAN: So, what are
we going to talk about?

NEIL GESUNDHEIT: Well,
the topic for today

is endocrinology, which
is the study of hormones.

And the word hormone is
derived from the Greek word

And what hormones do is they're
chemical messengers that

are made at one part of
the body and typically go

to another part of the
body to, as suggested,

arouse the activity and give
function to another organ.

between one part of
the body and the other.

They're very sophisticated
communicators.

is our body communicates
in some ways directly.

And when you want to
contract your muscle,

you give a signal from your
brain, it goes down the nerve,

Whereas, hormones are more like
the Wi-Fi of the human body.

They go into the bloodstream,
which is like the airwaves,

And then they work on another
part of the body at a distance,

without directly connecting
to that part of the body

SALMAN KHAN: And hormones, are
they a specific type of protein

Or are they really anything that
does what you just described?

NEIL GESUNDHEIT: It's
pretty much anything,

at most, daltons, which are
molecular mass units, up

So anything, anything that
really has this signaling

NEIL GESUNDHEIT: That's right,
would be considered a hormone.

And the other thing is
we talk about hormones

where they really get
into the bloodstream

And we'll give some
examples with your diagram

But there are others that are
called paracrine hormones.

And paracrine hormones are
more regionally active.

So they might be made, let's
say, in one part of the body

and work within a small distance
of that site of synthesis.

And then the third category,
which is less common,

made directly at one cell
and work on that same cell

or in this cell right next door,
at a very, very small distance.

They're kind of released far
away in the body someplace.

If they're picked up
by the right receptor,

The paracrine hormones,
is their effect small

because they only are able
to travel a small distance?

NEIL GESUNDHEIT: Typically
the paracrine hormones

do get into the bloodstream,
but the concentration

of the receptor, the receiving
end, as you suggested,

So what tends to make
a paracrine hormone

work regionally is that the high
concentration of the receptors

And the same with autocrine,
is often they're made,

and there's a very high
concentration of the receiving

end right at that cell,
right next to that cell.

SALMAN KHAN: And this
might be a silly question,

NEIL GESUNDHEIT: Well,
it's a good point.

I think we just, perhaps
because the paracrine function

we still carry this all under
the umbrella of endocrinology.

I think that's a good
way to summarize it.

Now I like the diagram
that you created here

because it illustrates some
of the major endocrine organs,

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内分泌系入門 (Intro to the endocrine system )

specific

vital

critical

metabolism