I think we've been doing it so long we don't know what perfect looks like [Laughs]

同じことをずっとやり過ぎていて，理想像がわかんなくなってきた[笑い]

What's up, I'm Destin.

こんにちは．Destinです．

I, I do not even know how to start this video

どうやって始めたらいいかもわかんないや．

I'll just try to explain it and -- I mean, this is a huge deal.

まず説明するね．すごいことなんだよ．

Five years ago, someone sent me a link and I opened it, and I love fluid dynamics

５年前，誰かがリンクを送ってきて，それを開いたんだ．そして，私は流体力学が大好きなんだ．

and this was cool, it was like this lab video from Australia of two vortex rings colliding

そしたら格好良かったんだ．オーストラリアの研究室で撮られた二つの渦が衝突するときのビデオだった．

and they did this really weird thing, and then these other rings poked out

しかも渦がすごい変な動きをしていて，他の渦が飛び出してきたり．

and I was like "Oh, that was -", and my brain didn't even understand.

それで「これはあれだよ・・・」って説明しようとしても，全然理解できていなかった

So I hit refresh, and refresh, and refresh

だから何回も更新ボタンを更新，更新，更新って押したんだ．

And the more I watched it, the more I realised, this is really special.

ビデオを何回も見るにつれて，これはとても特別なことだってことに気づいたんだ

There's some complex fluid mechanics going on here that needs to be understood.

ここでは非常に複雑な流動ダイナミクスが起きていて，理解されるべきだということに気づいた．

So, I started Googling, because that's what you do. I want to learn more about it

だからググり始めてみたんだ．だってそうだろ？もっとこれについて知りたかったんだ．

and I found some research papers, where people had numerically tried to figure it out

そこでいくつか研究論文を見つけて，論文では誰かが現象を数値的に理解しようとしてた．

but nobody's actually done it. Why?

でも誰も完全な理解には至ってなかった．なぜだろうか？

So I started trying to do it myself.

だからまず自分でやろうとして見たんだ．

That didn't work, at all.

でも全然うまくいかなかった．

I started trying to get help. So I got some undergraduate research students to help.

それから他人に助けを求めたんだ．何人かの学部生に手伝ってもらった．

They had some limited results. But it's a very difficult problem.

それでも彼らは少ししか結果がでなかった．ただ，とても難しい問題だからね．

So at this point, I realised: this is serious.

だからこの時点で，気づいたんだ．これってとても重要だってことに．

I mean, this has not been recreated since cameras looked like this, right?

だって，カメラがこんな感じだったころからこの現象は再現されてないんだよ？

So you can't Google it, money can't buy it. If I ever want to see it better than this [gestures to camera], I have to do it myself.

だから，ググってもだめだし，お金でも買えないし，こんなカメラの映像よりももっと鮮明に見たかったんだ．自分でやる必要があった．

So I used some Patreon funding, and I went to this friend of mine.

だからパトレオンで支援金を募って，友達のところにいったんだ．

He's a motion control engineer. His name is David Lenderman.

彼はモーションコントロールエンジニアで，名前はDavid Lendermanと言うんだ．

We've been working on this for well over 3 years.

それで我々は３年以上かけてこれに取り組んできた．

I mean, this has descended into madness. We've created all different types of prototypes.

もう狂気の沙汰だよ．あらゆる種類のプロトタイプも作った．

I don't know how to explain why, other than, "This had to be done."

理由を聞かれたら，「これは誰かがやるべきことだったんだ」としか説明しようがないよ．

So I wanted to see the vortex collision, recreated with modern imagery technology. And that's what this video is.

そして私は，現代的な映像技術を使って，渦の衝突を見たかった．このビデオがそれなんだ．

I hope you enjoy it.

楽しんでくれるといいな．

So, in 1992 in the journal "Letters to Nature," there was an article written by

1992年に”Letters to Nature”へ投稿された記事で，

Doctor T. T. Lim, now you see this right here on the toolbox

T.T. Lim博士らが書いたのが，Davidの所にある工具箱に貼ってあるでしょ

in David's shop, because for the past year, we've been trying to recreate this device.

ここ１年で，この装置を再現しようとしてたんだ．

It's a device he created--you may have seen the video-- two vortex rings were collided together,

ビデオを見たかもしれないけど，二つの渦を衝突させることができる装置なんだ．

and they created these secondary rings that came off the edges.

それで衝突によって，二次的な渦が端から生成されるんだ．

Now the problem with this, is, it was filmed with a potato.

問題は，映像がしょぼい機材で撮られてるってことなんだ．

We're going to use this, it's a Phantom v2511,

我々は撮影にこのPhantom v2511を使う．

and the goal here is to get those secondary rings.

それで，目標はあの二次的な渦を撮影することなんだ．

[MUSIC]

［音楽］

You have an electromechanical actuator that's driving

ここに電気アクチュエーターがあって，それが

a pneumatic cylinder, which is pumping air to a valve

空気圧シリンダを動かしており，それがバルブに空気を送ることで

so that you can control the input to both cylinders at the same time.

二つの渦生成用シリンダへ送る空気を同時にコントロールできるようになっている．

DAVID: Right, which seems to be fairly effective and predictable.

DAVID:これで大体やれることができて，思う通りにいくと思うんだけどね．

DESTIN: So it's basically a very precisely calibrated syringe with a stroke of a certain throw, OK.

DESTIN:基本的には指定した長さのストロークがでるように正確に校正されたシリンジなんだ．

DAVID: It's more of a messy process.

DAVID:それよりも汚いプロセスだけどね．

DESTIN: I'm ready.

DESTIN:準備できたよ．

DAVID: Doesn't look bad for the first one.

DAVID:1回目にしては悪くないね

DESTIN: That wasn't bad.

DESTIN:悪くないね．

How do you change the water?

どうやって水を変えるの？

DAVID: Pump it out.

DAVID:ポンプで吸い出すんだ．

DESTIN: That is impressive.

DESTIN:すごいね．

You want to do the mixing routine?

ミキシングの手順をやりたい？

Really good one on that side.

そっち側はうまくいってるね．

[MUSICAL IMPACT]

00:03:30,640 --> 00:03:32,480 DAVID:おーーめっちゃ綺麗

DESTIN: Ohhhh it's pretty.

DAVID:いまの良かったね

DAVID: That was a good one.

綺麗だね

DESTIN: That was pretty.

00:03:41,440 --> 00:03:45,940 一回終わったら，水槽の中で自分の内臓を作ってるみたい

[GASP]

DESTIN:開くよ

When you get done with a shot it looks like you're growing your own organs in the aquarium.

00:03:53,560 --> 00:03:55,320 おおー今のでぞくぞくしちゃった

DESTIN: Opening...

これで何回目？4回？5回？7回目？［笑い］

[BOTH EXCLAIM]

00:04:10,560 --> 00:04:11,600 750...

Ohhh, I triggered on that.

今，百何回目にタンクへ水を入れているところです．

So this is what, this is round how many? Five? Four? Seven? [CHUCKLES]

うまくいくよ．

[MUSIC CONTINUES]

これはうまくいくよ．

750...

あー

We are refilling the tank for the hundred somethingth time.

今日はうまくいくかも

It's going to work.

00:04:31,000 --> 00:04:32,680 おお．二次渦も出てきた

That is going to work.

これみてよ

Oh

すごい

I think today might be the day.

00:05:16,880 --> 00:05:21,380 最初，興味を持ったことの再現をしたいと思って始めたけど，

[MUSICAL IMPACT]

明らかにそれよりももっと大事なことに変化していった．

Haha, got the secondaries.

流動ダイナミクスやモーション運動制御だけの話じゃなくなった．

Look at those, man.

忍耐力と粘り強さの話になった．

Wow

こういうことを理解してくれる人が周りにいてくれることの価値は，どれだけ強調してもしきれない

[MUSIC CONTINUES]

Davidもやめなかったし，それで自分もやめなかった

I started this process simply wanting to recreate something that captured my imagination.

机上ではあまり意味がないことかもしれないけど，

But obviously it morphed into something much larger than that.

毎回失敗するたびに何かを学んだんだ．

It wasn't about fluid dynamics or motion control.

だから，自分に聞いて欲しい．

It was about patience and persistence.

今自分が失敗を恐れてためらっていることは何か？

The value of surrounding yourself with people who get this, cannot be overstated.

ただやるべきことは，タンクにまた水をいれて，もう一回ためすことだ．

David wouldn't quit, which taught me to power through,

３年間かけて水槽のなかで大量のインクを使っただけだと思うかもしれないけど，

even when it might not make sense on paper.

この経験はもっと大事なことで，自分に粘り強さを教えてくれたんだ．

Every time we failed, we learned something.

あなたにとっての渦衝突はなんですか？

So ask yourself this:

学校で難しい項目だったり，

What are you too intimidated to try?

やれると思えないプロジェクトだったり，

All you gotta do is fill the tank back up, and give it another shot.

なにか習得したいスキルかもしれない．

So three years, and a bunch of ink in an aquarium?

あなたが乗り越えなくてはいけないものは何か？

No, this is so much more than that -- this is what taught me persistence.

そしてどうやってそれを乗り越えていくのか？

For you, example, what is your vortex collision?

ここでの成果はしょぼい機材で撮られてない映像データだった．

Is it something at school that's hard, a subject?

これってとても重要なことで，前では見えなかったことが見れるようになったんだ

Is it a project at work that you don't think you can overcome?

00:06:22,760 --> 00:06:24,680 例えば近くでみてみると

Is it some skill you want to learn?

外側の渦が崩壊し始めるときには，

What is the thing you have to overcome,

圧力の低い箇所がいくつかリング上にあって，

and how are you going to do it?

宇宙飛行士のDon Petitの仮説では，この部分がリング上の他の場所から流体を吸い上げることで

The payoff here, was visual data that was not filmed with a potato.

渦が一定の間隔で崩壊するんだということです．

This is a big deal, because we can now see things,

次の部分はまだ謎に包まれています：

we could never see before.

なぜ渦が崩壊した後，９０度向きを変えて，外側を向くリングに変化するのか？

For example, if you look closely,

この部分はまだ謎だし，今回でそれをみることができる映像も取得できた．

you can see as the outer ring of the vortex starts to break up,

別のチャンネルの方では，１２時間以上もの全ての映像データが上がってるし，

you get these little nodules that have a low pressure spot right in the middle.

今回の装置の仕組みなんかを知りたかったら，ぜひ見てみて．

and Don Pettit, an astronaut, his theory is that, that low pressure zone starts to suck material away

スポンサーのAudibleに感謝していまうす．

from the outside perimeter, breaking up the ring into regular intervals.

audiobook.com/smarterにいくことでオーディオブックを一つ無料でもらうことができます．

The next part, however, remains a mystery:

または，"smarter"と500-500にSMSで送ってください．

how does that, once it breaks up, turn 90°, and turn into a ring facing outwards?

E.O. Wilsonの”Letters to a Young Scientist"をおすすめします．

That is the mystery, and now we have the visual data to look at it.

彼はピューリツァー賞を受賞していて，本では

You can see that over on the second channel, I have twelve hours of footage of everything

若い研究者はどんな道を進めばいいかを教えてくれて，どうやってそれをやるべきかも教えてくれます．

we recorded, it's all there, go check that out if you're interested in seeing how all this stuff works.

この本全体を一回の旅行で聞けるし，

I want to say thanks to the sponsor which is Audible.

通勤時間で何回かに分けてきくこともできるよ．E.O. Wilsonの”Letters to a Young Scientist"を本当におすすめします．

you can get an audio book for free by going to

audible.com/smarterにいくことで，視聴ができるよ．

or texting the word: "smarter" to 500-500.

その本を無料で聴取できる上に３０日間無料お試しができるよ．または

I recommend the book "Letters to a Young Scientist" by E. O. Wilson.

”smarter”と５００−５００番にSMSを送ったら，リンクを送ってくれるよ．

He's an amazing Pulitzer Prize winning author that tells you

このビデオを楽しんでくれたらいいなと思うし，サブスクリプションもしてくれたらいいな

at the end of his career, tells you young scientists what path you should take, and how you should go about it.

わかってるとは思うけど，かなりの労力がかかっていて，もしこのビデオがきっかけでSmarter Every Dayの

You can listen to this entire book on one road trip,

サブスクリプションを初めてくれたらとても嬉しく思うよ．

or just a couple of commutes. I highly recommend "Letters to a Young Scientist" by E. O. Wilson,

とにかく，Davidに本当に感謝しているし，A Shell In The PitのGordonにもこのビデオのために曲を作ってくれてありがとう．

get that by going to:

あとはSmarter Every Dayを何年間も裏で支えてくれたパトロンたちにも

You get that book for free and a thirty-day free trial, or you can text the word:

特に感謝しています．

"smarter" to 500-500, and they'll send you a link.

彼らのおかげでこんな長いプロジェクトが実現したんだ．本当に素晴らしいことだと思う．

OK, I hope you enjoyed this video, I hope it earned your subscription

自分もたくさん学べることができたし，みなさんもそうだといいな．

obviously this was a lot of work, I would love it if this was the video that you started

あなたも毎日賢くなれる．Destinでした．

the subscription to Smarter Every Day on, that would be awesome.

良い日を．またね．

Anyway, big thanks to David, thank you to Gordon from A Shell In The Pit for writing this song

あと最後に，多くの場合は

specifically for this video, and also to the patrons,

みんなこのビデオをGIFの形式でシェアするかもしれないけど，長い時間と労力をかけてつくったものだから，

who have supported Smarter Every Day in the background for years,

ビデオ全体をシェアして，みんなをこのチャンネルに誘導してくれると

and let me do long, drawn out projects like this, it's fantastic.

ものすごい助かるよ．

I learned a lot, I hope you did too,

パトロンたち，ハイレゾの画像はPatreonにあげてるから，印刷して

I'm Destin, you're getting Smarter Every Day,

私と同じように見つめることができるよ．

have a good one, bye.

一緒に楽しんでくれてありがとう．またね．

Hey, on the way out here, a lot of times

people will share a video like this in the form of GIFs, and this took so long and so much effort,

I would really appreciate it you'd get people here to the channel

by sharing the entire video, that is such a big help.

Patrons, I left the hi-res images of these shots on Patreon so you can print those out

and stare at them like I do, cause they're awesome. Thank you so much for enjoying this

with me, I appreciate ya. Bye.