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The Sengoku Jidai, the Warring States period.
A time of sword and samurai. To live by the
sword, and to die by the sword. That is the
setting of Creative Assembly's strategy
game, Shogun 2: Total War.
If our daimyo is to become shogun – military
ruler of all Japan – you must understand
the weapons of war, among which is the iconic
Japanese longbow, the yumi. In this Popshots
episode, we look at the history of warfare
in feudal Japan, and evaluate the role of
ubiquitous ranged units in Shogun 2.
One can't really talk about Shogun 2 without
admiring the history of warfare in Japan.
The weapons of the samurai are legendary – the
yari, the katana and the yumi. Bows were used
in Japan since prehistoric times, though the
exact origins of the asymmetric longbow are
unknown. Some theorise that the shape was
due to the use of a single piece of wood,
stronger at the base. Others believe that
the asymmetric shape allowed it to be used
while kneeling or from horseback. By the time
of the samurai, the yumi was made from laminated
bamboo, wood and leather, and typically measured
2 metres long.
While we might recognise Japanese archery
through kyudo, the style used in warfare was
kyujutsu. The bow was commonly used in large
numbers with foot soldiers, known as ashigaru,
but the warrior class, the samurai, were expected
to be masters of the bow alongside their other
weapons. The bow was, in fact, the primary
weapon of the samurai. Their expertise in
yabusame – mounted archery – gave them
a unique advantage on the battlefield. It
is for this reason – not because of honour
– that samurai were distinct in not carrying
shields into battle, as all their weapons
were meant to be wielded with two hands.
The yumi would see hundreds of years of use,
largely unchanged, until the arrival of Portuguese
traders. From that point on, the most important
weapon became the matchlock musket, adopted
more widely and aggressively than European
armies, and the bow's presence soon waned.
Shogun 2's place in the Total War franchise
is interesting, bringing the series from the
gunpowder era back to a feudal setting. Unlike
in Rome, the armies in Shogun 2 are fairly
homogenous, consisting of cheaper ashigaru
units and expensive samurai units, with specialised
units composing of spears, swords or bows,
with marginal advantages given to certain
factions. As to be expected from a strategy
game, the strengths and weaknesses of each
unit type are intended for balance rather
than realism.
Initially, players will make extensive use
of ashigaru units, including the bow ashigaru.
These cheap ranged units are available from
the beginning, offering high volume of arrows.
Bow ashigaru have poor accuracy and have the
lowest melee stats and morale. Their main
use is to whittle down enemy formations, especially
other poorly-armoured ashigaru units, but
they find themselves only marginally effective
against the better-armoured samurai units.
After some technology advancement, players
have access to bow samurai. Samurai archers
stand out with better melee ability than their
ashigaru counterparts, though not as good
as specialised melee troops. They also boast
better armour – making them more resistant
to arrows – and better accuracy and rate
of fire, allowing them to be more effective
against other samurai. However, they have
fewer numbers than ashigaru.
By combining an archery school with a temple,
the player can train bow warrior monks. While
having poor melee stats and defense, bow warrior
monks have greater range, the highest accuracy
and rate of fire. Though their numbers are
even fewer than bow samurai, several units
of monks can break multiple units before they
reach combat. Monks also get access to whistling
arrows, which provide a morale penalty to
targeted units.
There are several other specialised ranged
units. The bow hero unit is a very small group
of archers with near-perfect ranged stats.
However, their tiny numbers make them largely
ineffective, and are only good for weakening
strong armoured units.
Bow cavalry are also present. These horse
archers provide some utility on the battlefield,
though with smaller unit size than foot archers,
their effects are not felt as heavily and
they require much more micromanagement.
The Chosokabe faction also has a unique unit,
the Daikyu Samurai, which are slightly better
than normal bow samurai, but not as powerful
as bow warrior monks.
Bows also have a notable role in the naval battles of this period.
Outside of the balanced unit structure, further
advantages are gained from having more experienced
troops and, crucially in the campaign, control
of special buildings that can improve accuracy,
potentially turning your bow warrior monks
into samurai shredders.
Bows also play a prominent role in both campaign
expansions. In Rise of the Samurai, the bow
is used by foot soldiers, but are prominently
used by the samurai units, both on foot and
on horseback. In this campaign, the samurai
represent the pinnacle of combat units, with
samurai units fulfilling both melee and ranged
roles without the specialism of weapon types
in the main campaign. Warrior monks are still
available, providing the same advantages as
before. If there's any downside to these
early ranged units, it's that the default
formation for Rise of the Samurai is open,
so most arrow volleys will not have a huge
impact. This forces the player to adopt more
complex small-unit tactics.
Fall of the Samurai sees traditional samurai
units compressed into foot bowmen and mounted
bowmen. While easily outmatched by modern
rifle infantry, bows have a role to play in
the early campaign, and have unique advantages.
Since soldiers are no longer armoured, masses
of bowmen can cause devastating damage to
infantry formations. In addition, bows can
shoot over hills, which gunpowder infantry
cannot do. There's a certain element of
fun to recreating the stand of the last samurai,
but realistically armies with well-deployed
gunpowder soldiers will wipe the floor with
bowmen.
There are a lot of things that Shogun does
well with its depiction of archery. Bow units
are well balanced and always have a role to
play, whether in offensive, defensive or siege
battles. The variety of archers allows the
players to spam cheap but less effective archer
units or invest in late-game armies with samurai
and monks. The arrow volleys look and sound
great.
Through trivial, Shogun 2 is actually the
first game in the series to actually model
the bowstrings, which were absent due to graphical
limitations in previous games. The arrows
are even on the correct side of the bow for
Japanese archery. That's a huge leap forward!
The downsides of Shogun's archery is mostly
in the inflexibility of the battle engine.
As with other Total War games, the unit formations
are fairly rigid. Bow units operate quite
similarly to gunpowder units in Empire and
Napoleon, with the clearly defined firing
arc and the enemy must be specifically in
that area to shoot. Shooting animations are
awkwardly long for the slow-shooting ashigaru,
and individual soldiers hold onto the shot
for far too long, and realistically, archers
were far more flexible in deployment and rate
of fire.
Perhaps the best display of the bow's utility
is in siege defense, where soldiers on the
walls are not locked into shooting by unit
and shoot arrows continually, resulting in
a rain of arrows closer to what a real battlefield
might have looked like.
While Shogun 2 has fairly monotonous armies
and units aren't really unique enough to
stand out, the game is often hailed as one
of the best in the series, especially after
the mixed reception from Empire, before the
glitched release of Rome 2 and before the
fantasy-based Warhammer instalments.
Shogun 2 gives us a fairly unique way to play
out the battlefields of feudal Japan and witness
the effects of Japanese archers on foot, on
horseback, in castles and even on ships. Though
not the most realistic, there are few real-time
tactical games that are placed in this setting,
and the units forego true historical accuracy
and err on the side of balance and fun – perhaps
the honourable choice to make.
Thank you for watching another episode of
Archery Popshots. This is NUSensei. As always,
shoot straight, and aim for your best.
コツ：単語をクリックしてすぐ意味を調べられます！

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C1 上級 米

Archery Popshots | Total War: Shogun 2

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wei 2018 年 12 月 14 日 に公開

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