Placeholder Image

字幕表 動画を再生する

  • Hi.

  • Welcome back to www.engvid.com.

  • I'm Adam.

  • In today's lesson we're going to look at words that generally confuse people, especially

  • when it comes time to say them, words that have the "ough" or the "augh" inside them.

  • And the reason they're confusing is because they don't sound anything like they look.

  • Now, this is a common problem in English.

  • English is not a phonetically-spelled language.

  • In other languages, the way a word looks is the way it sounds.

  • In English, not so much.

  • So we're going to look at the different sounds that you can have with these letters.

  • And the thing you're going to have to remember is: This is about memorization.

  • Now, I know that some of you are asking me:

  • "Well, why do I say it like this?" or "Why do I say it like that?"

  • I don't know.

  • I'm sorry to tell you that.

  • There is no answer.

  • You have to remember each word, how it's pronounced, and just remember it, and use it, and practice it, etc.

  • So if you look here, you'll notice that I have eight different sounds for "ough" or "augh".

  • Okay?

  • Let's start with "uff", "uff":

  • "tough", "rough", "enough".

  • So, even though it's "o-u-g-h", there's no "ough".

  • Okay? That...

  • There's no such sound as "ough" in English.

  • All of these have a specific sound.

  • We're starting with "uff": "tough", "rough", "enough".

  • Now, this word I'm going to get back to in one second. Okay?

  • Let's look at the next one.

  • "Oo".

  • Very straight: "oo".

  • "Through", like you go through the wall.

  • If you're going really fast and you break through the wall, you're through.

  • "Ghoul", "ghoul".

  • A ghoul like is a some...

  • Is like a...

  • An animal that waits...

  • Or it's like a mystical or...

  • Sorry.

  • A fictional animal that waits for somebody to die and gets pleasure out of other people's death.

  • When people, for example, if you're driving on the highway and you see a really bad car

  • accident and you slow down to have a look, people might call you a ghoul because you

  • want to see blood, you want to see death.

  • Not a good word, but that's how it's pronounced.

  • "Ghoul", "oo".

  • Now, let's go back to this word.

  • The reason why I put it in the middle here is because this word actually has two meanings,

  • each one pronounced differently: "slough", "slough".

  • Okay? Different meanings.

  • Sl-...

  • It's not a word you're going to use very often, but "slough" is a...

  • It's basically like a marsh, like a very wet area.

  • It's not a lake, it's not a pond.

  • There's a lot of weeds and lots of plant in it, and it's very thick, but that's...

  • Another word for that is "slough".

  • "Slough", now, a lot of people will write it like this: "slew".

  • Especially American English, you can spell it like that.

  • "Slough" means a lot.

  • So: "He's got a slough of problems", means he's got a lot of problems.

  • This is more common usage, but again, you're going to see this more often than you're going to see that.

  • But if you do see that, like if you're reading British English, for example, you're going

  • to see that.

  • Just understand in context which word it is, "slough" or "slough".

  • Okay.

  • Next: "af".

  • So notice I'm using the "a" here, not the "o", so that gives you a little bit of a hint,

  • but not exactly because we're going to look at something else.

  • "Laugh", everybody knows "laugh", hahaha.

  • Right?

  • And "draught".

  • Now, again, American English, they don't bother,

  • they just spell it like that, "draft", exactly

  • how it sounds, exactly as it looks.

  • But "draught" has different meanings.

  • One, you can have a draught beer, like a beer from the keg.

  • You can drink that, draught beer.

  • There's also a draught, like a drawing.

  • Like an architect, for example, when he...

  • When he or she designs a building they make a draught of the plans, and once everything's

  • agreed and everything's settled then they make the actual final plans.

  • You can also have draughts of your essays.

  • First draught, second draught.

  • You make all the edits and changes, and you get to the end.

  • So, "af", and the "t" we're going to come back to...

  • Remember that "t", we're going to talk about that in a second.

  • Now, "up".

  • There's only one word that sounds like "up", and it's spelt with an "ough".

  • [Hiccoughs].

  • Oop, sorry, that was a hiccough.

  • Okay?

  • Again, American English will spell it like this: "hiccup".

  • British English will spell it like this, but they sound the same.

  • "Hiccough".

  • Okay.

  • "Of": "cough", "trough".

  • Again, not an everyday word, but you might hear it occasionally.

  • A "trough" is like a...

  • Like a box that you put water or food for animals.

  • So in the Western movies you see a horse coming down, is bending down and there's a box with

  • water and it's drinking.

  • That box is a trough.

  • When you...

  • When we speak about pigs eating, they usually eat out of a trough.

  • "Aow", like: "Aow, that hurt. Aow".

  • "Plough".

  • "Plough", like a farmer has this big tool...

  • Well, in the old days they had this big tool and the bull would...

  • They hook it onto the bull and they would plough the land, they would make holes to

  • plant their seeds.

  • Okay?

  • Now, again, a more common spelling is this one: "plow", but you will see this one as well.

  • This one.

  • Now, here you have to be very careful.

  • These words: "draught" and "drought", they look very similar.

  • The only difference is an "o" and an "a".

  • Keep that "o" and "a" in mind because that's the difference between the two when you see them.

  • "Drought" is when there's a long period of time with no rain, so the land is very, very dry.

  • Okay? That's a drought.

  • Okay.

  • "Ow", "ow": "dough", like when you put flour and water together and mix them, and you have

  • that pasty stuff, that's dough.

  • Now, you...

  • You might know this word: "doughnut", a very sweet treat.

  • Okay?

  • Again, Americans spell it like this: "donut", much easier.

  • British people will spell it "doughnut", but "dough".

  • Now, when we talk about the slang word for money:

  • "Do you have any dough I can borrow?

  • Do you have any money I could borrow?"

  • We're still using the same "dough".

  • "Though", "although", "though" is a conjunction for adverb clauses.

  • Now, this one's a little bit tricky, you have to be careful because this is a "the", and

  • then this is a "row": "thorough".

  • "Thorough" means very complete, full.

  • When you're making a thorough investigation, you're doing a complete, very detailed, in-depth

  • investigation.

  • "Thorough". Okay?

  • Don't confuse "thorough" with...

  • Where is it?

  • "Through", "thorough", and "though".

  • Where's the "ow"?

  • Oh, right above it. Sorry.

  • Okay.

  • These, one, two, three...

  • One, two, three words all look very similar.

  • Make sure you notice the slight differences and the different pronunciations.

  • "Borough".

  • If any of you live in New York, you know the five boroughs, basically the neighbourhood

  • or the area of a city is called a borough.

  • A "furlough", this is something that is...

  • Happens in the military.

  • When a soldier gets a little vacation time, they don't call it a vacation.

  • They call it a "furlough", time away from the military, approved time.

  • "Furlough".

  • But again, the actual spelling gives you no hint as to how to pronounce the word, so you

  • have to be very careful about it and just remember and use it.

  • And then: "ot", this is the most common one you know.

  • A lot of the irregular verbs in the past tense become these. Right?

  • "Think", "thought".

  • "Catch", "caught".

  • Now, here, the "a" or the "o" makes no difference; they both sound exactly the same.

  • But in writing, of course, spelling matters so make sure you know exactly how it's spelt

  • and how it's pronounced.

  • They sometimes can come in the middle.

  • "Daughter", "ought".

  • You ought to study this and practice, and you'll be better at it.

  • Now, remember I told you to remember the "t"?

  • Notice that most of the times when you have the "ough" or the "augh" followed by a "t",

  • the sound is going to be "ot".

  • But because this is English, and English likes to be complicated and difficult, we sometimes

  • have exceptions to the rule.

  • "Draught", "caught".

  • Okay? Or "daughter" or whatever.

  • Keep that in mind.

  • Now, again, I wish I could tell you there's a reason for it, and I'm sure for linguists,

  • there probably is, but it's not important.

  • What's important is that you know the different sounds, you know how to use them.

  • Now, there aren't many other words with these "ough" or "augh".

  • These are the ones you need to know.

  • If you come across other ones, what should you do?

  • If you're not sure which sound it is, look in the dictionary.

  • The dictionary will tell you exactly which sound goes with each "ough" or "augh" sound,

  • as it were.

  • Okay?

  • Now, if you have any questions, please come to www.engvid.com and join the forum,

  • and you can ask me any questions you like.

  • There is a quiz there right now that you can practice these sounds.

  • You will rhyme them with other words to make sure that they sound the same.

  • And, of course, subscribe to my channel on YouTube and come again soon.

  • Bye.

Hi.

字幕と単語

ワンタップで英和辞典検索 単語をクリックすると、意味が表示されます

A2 初級

英語の発音。OUGH & -AUGHで終わる言葉の言い方 (English Pronunciation: How to say words ending in -OUGH & -AUGH)

  • 187 38
    pipus に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
動画の中の単語