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  • In March 2016, US Secretary of State John Kerry said that the Islamic State was committing

  • genocide in Syria and Iraq. Minority groups like Yazidis, Christians, and Shiites have

  • been targeted by ISIS and systematically executed. Reports estimate that as many as half a million

  • Yazidis have been displaced by ISIS, and thousands killed. This is only the second time in its

  • history that the US has designated acts of genocide during a conflict. The first was

  • the 2004 genocide in Darfur But many are asking why it has taken so long for the terrorist

  • group to be accused of genocide, and what actually qualifies under the title. So, what

  • exactly constitutes a genocide, and why is it so hard to define?

  • Well, genocide is officially defined in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment

  • of the Crime of Genocide asacts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part,

  • a national, ethnical, racial or religious group.” The United Nations adopted the Convention

  • in 1948, following the Armenian Genocide during World War One and the Holocaust during World

  • War Two. The Convention originally also planned to include political groups, but at the time,

  • the Soviet Union refused to acknowledge the addition, and it was removed.

  • Despite a relatively clear definition, accusations of genocide are almost always denied. Many

  • make a distinction between genocide, and crimes against humanity. For example, in the Congo,

  • one Rwandan Tutsi leader was nicknamed the Terminator for his mass killings of civilians

  • and the recruitment of child soldiers. And yet, in the International Criminal Court,

  • he was charged with Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes, but not genocide. So what’s

  • the difference?

  • Well, both of them involve systematically killing huge numbers of people. However, the

  • distinction is in the focus and purpose of the massacres. When a large number of people

  • are killed in pursuit of a political goal, or something similar, it is considered a crime

  • against humanity. The label also applies in cases of mass slavery, deportation, torture,

  • rape, apartheid, and other crimes. But if the purpose of the killings is specifically

  • to eliminate a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group, then it can be called a genocide.

  • This is why some, who disagree with the term "Armenian genocide", attribute the deaths

  • to wartime casualties and mass deportation, not a genocidal effort to eliminate the Armenian

  • race.

  • But getting to the heart of intent is often a problem in labeling genocide. With a tragedy

  • like the Holocaust it was easier, as there was significant evidence of Adolf Hitler’s

  • intent to eliminate whole populations. But until recently, it has been more difficult

  • to attribute the ISIS murders of minority groups as an effort to wipe them out. Evidence

  • that ISIS views the Yazidis asdevil worshippers”, and actively seeks to exterminate them through

  • murder, sexual slavery, and rape, solely based on their faith, leaves little doubt to the

  • designation of a “genocide”.

  • As ISIS continues ramping up its efforts in Iraq and Syria, many are calling for international

  • governments to take stronger action. The hope is that finally labeling what's happening

  • as a genocide, will help spur greater action, and put an end to the mass killing.

  • Besides struggling over the ISIS genocide, another heavily contested mass killing occurred

  • in the Ottoman Empire from 1915 to 1917, killing as many as 1.5 million Armenians. So, was

  • it a genocide or not? Find out about the controversy in this video! Thanks for watching Seeker

  • Daily, don’t forget to like and subscribe for new videos every day!

In March 2016, US Secretary of State John Kerry said that the Islamic State was committing

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なぜ人はジェノサイドを否定するのか? (Why Do People Deny Genocide?)

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    羅紹桀 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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