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  • Hi and welcome into the lesson "The greatest chess game everyone MUST know". Millions of

  • games have been played during over the history of chess, but there is only very little percentage

  • of games that will be the most influential, most important and most instructive. And every

  • aspiring chess player just MUST know these few games. Today, we will talk about one of

  • them. The game played by Paul Morphy, one of the greatest chess players of the US, I

  • think, together with Bobby Fischer. These two are by far the greatest players of the

  • US, and maybe for the entire world as well. Just to give you an idea of his power, Morphy

  • played handicapped games - giving the extra pawn and extra move to any of his opponents.

  • I really doubt that Magnus Carlsen will be able to do the same 'trick' today. I'm Igor

  • Smirnov, International Grandmaster and a chess coach from the Remote Chess Academy. And my

  • point today is, not just to show you the game played by Paul Morphy, but to show you the

  • main ideas he used in his games, so that you can do the same in your own practice and get

  • the same brilliant results. We're going to see the game between Paul Morphy and Dukes

  • played in Paris, in the opera house. And let's just go ahead and get started. Now the game

  • started with 1.e4 1.e5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4. And that's the first moment one I'd like to start

  • by highlighting the fact that Morphy was playing in a very straightforward, yet very effective

  • style. Now we know that the purpose of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king.

  • And that's what he really tried to do. He always tried to target and attack the opponent's

  • king. Of course there were some games that ended in an endgame, but I'd say that he normally

  • tried to finalize the game by the direct attack of the opponent's king. And if you can attack

  • the opponent's king, it's great and you should DO that! If you can't attack the king right

  • now, then at least attack something. At least, attack opponent's pawns or pieces or whatever

  • you can! And here by playing d4, White starts to attack the Black's pawn. So now Black already

  • has to react somehow. And that's the first MAIN RULE that you need to remember about

  • this style of playing - always ATTACK, especially, the opponent's king. So let's go ahead and

  • Black played Bg4, dxe5. Now if Black doesn't want to lose the pawn, he has to take White's

  • knight. You see that while playing attacking moves, White always FORCES the opponent's

  • reaction. Black can't do what he wants, he only has to react. Now what would you do here

  • as White? Still, ATTACK, so White played Bc4 and now the goal is to take Qxf7, winning

  • the game in one move. Black replied with Nf6. How would you play here? Remember, your goal

  • is to attack and primarily, attack the opponent's king. So White played Qb3. This time, this

  • is a double attack, both to the f7-pawn and the b7-pawn. And already Black suffers because

  • he can't protect both of his weaknesses. Black replied Qe7, protecting his king. And let

  • me ask you the same question once again. How would you play here as White? I'm pretty sure

  • that most of the players would like to grab that pawn on the b7. You just take the pawn

  • and you attack the rook and everything looks awesome. After that however, Black will play

  • Qb4+, will trade off the queens and although, of course, White has the serious advantage

  • in an endgame due to his extra pawn, still the game goes on. And as we already know,

  • Morphy tried to attack the opponent's king. He was not that much enthusiastic about playing

  • long endgames. I really want to develop on this topic. Because these principles that

  • I'm going to tell you right now was one of the critical points of the whole 'Morphy Strategy'.

  • Let's use an analogy. Imagine you're a commander of the army and you want to start a war to

  • defeat your enemy. WHEN will you start your attack? Obviously, it is better to do that

  • when your opponent is unprepared..when his forces are dozy. And that's why lots of wars

  • was started before the sun rise, somewhere around 4 A.M. Well, I hope that you will not

  • initiate the real war..you would better apply these principles for chess games. :) Anyway,

  • the bottomline is still the same. You want to attack when your opponent's forces are

  • unprepared..when they are dozy. And that's what Morphy always tried to do in his games.

  • If he is seeing that his opponent's forces are dozy on their initial squares, he always

  • tried to rush for the attack and begin that assault as quickly as possible. And that's

  • why he played Nc3. The lesson you can learn here is that you need to value quick development

  • more than material! You value QUICK DEVELOPMENT and ACTIVITY of your pieces more than the

  • material because you want to deploy your forces quickly and start the attack when your opponent

  • is still unprepared. Okay, let's move on, Black played c6, protecting his b7-pawn. Now

  • Bg5, White continues to develop his pieces. Black answered b5. Now that's another critical

  • moment of the game. How would you play here? Well, when your opponent just played b5, attacking

  • your bishop, then the very natural reaction is just to go back..to play Bd3 for example.

  • But, we already know that you want to play quickly...you want to attack when your opponent's

  • forces are dozy on the last rank. So you don't want to lose time, making backward moves.

  • So that's one thing. And there is another thing. Let me ask you this question. How can

  • White attack Black's king in this position? It's not so easy to find any direct way. Well,

  • you can say some moves that you can prepare..you can do this and you can do that..somewhere

  • in the future, you may hope to attack the king. But if you want to attack it right now,

  • how can you do that? That's a tough question. And here comes another principle of Morphy

  • Strategy. He was always willing to sacrifice a material to open up a position and start

  • a direct attack. That's why in this position, instead of retreating, he took Nxb5! This

  • sacrifice helps him to continue developing his pieces in a quick manner and at the same

  • time, right now, White can start attacking the Black's king directly. Now the bishop

  • is attacking the king and if required, the queen can join. So you can see that when you

  • open up the position, it enables your direct attack towards the opponent's king. Black

  • covered his king with Nbd7, 0-0-0, attacking that d7-knight once again. Black has to protect

  • it with Rd8. Okay, now let me ask you another question. We know that one of the key elements

  • of Morphy Strategy was to deploy all of your forces into the battlefield as quickly as

  • possible. At the moment, most of the White's pieces are very active. Except for the rook

  • on h1 which is still doing nothing. How can bring this piece into play? Well, ideally

  • speaking, you would like to have it on the d-file where it can support White's pressure

  • along the d-file. And one way to do that is..for example move the d1-rook to d2 and then bring

  • another rook to d1 - double the rooks along the d-file. And that's a good plan, generally

  • speaking. But the drawback is that you have to waste one move on the preparation..on playing

  • d1-rook to d2. So now let's reformulate the question. You know that you want to deploy

  • the forces as quickly as possible. Using the situation that your opponent is still unprepared..that

  • his forces are dozy. So the real question is - how can you bring the h1-rook into the

  • battle without wasting time? And the answer is Rxd7! White is vacating the d1-square without

  • wasting any time. Because now after the exchange, White simply brings the rook and it attacks

  • the opponent's rook on the d7-square. And here I'd like to tell you another concept

  • which is quite unknown and many players misunderstand it even though Morphy understood it 150 years

  • back! Okay, let me ask you one question. How do you evaluate a chess position? Well, you

  • look at the board and you see how many pieces White have, how many Black has and then you

  • compare and decide who is better. Right? Something like that. Of course, you may evaluate other

  • factors like activity, king safety and so on. But anyway, you look at the board and

  • you see who is better. There is another idea, though. We know that the goal of the chess

  • game is to checkmate the opponent's king. And therefore, the area around the opponent's

  • king has the greatest value. You don't have to dominate on the whole board. You need to

  • dominate only in the narrow territory around the opponent's king. So let's narrow our focus

  • to the area around the Black's king and evaluate the white's pieces that influence this territory

  • and the Black's pieces that influence this territory as well. If we talk about the Black's

  • pieces, he has the knight on f6 protecting the rook, the rook itself covering the king

  • and the queen protecting the rook. So Black has those 3 pieces in defense. Yes, Black

  • also has the rook on the corner and the bishop, but they are on their initial squares doing

  • nothing. So we can disregard them for the moment. If we think about the White's pieces

  • that are attacking..then these are the 2 bishops - both of them exert strong pressure, the

  • d1-rook, definitely very active. And the queen on b3, although not doing much right at the

  • moment, but still it's quite active. It can go to b8, for example, after Bxd7+ or it can

  • go to a4 and increase the pressure. Therefore, the queen also takes part into the White's

  • assault. We may conclude that White has four attackers against the three defenders. And

  • those three defenders are actually quite miserable because the rook is pinned, the knight is

  • pinned, so those defenders are very much restricted and can't do anything. And that's why when

  • you focus your attention on the battlefield, the area around the opponent's king, you can

  • very easily understand what you need to do. You need to get domination in this area. If

  • you get it, you will win the game easily. Black played Qe6 trying to somehow unpin his

  • pieces. White took the rook and now let me ask you to find the final blow. In fact, White

  • can win the game in 2 moves. Can you find the checkmating continuation? It's Qb8+, well

  • if you want to find a checkmate, you need to look for checks, right? So Qb8+, Nxb8 and

  • Rd8# Brilliant finish of the brilliant game! Now let's sum up the main key takeaways that

  • you need to remember from the Paul Morphy Strategy so that you can apply them in your

  • own games. The first rule that Morphy used in his games was to ATTACK. The purpose of

  • the chess game and the ultimate goal is to check your opponent. And that's why you want

  • to attack, especially, attack the opponent's king. That's pretty simple and very effective.

  • Secondly, bring your forces into the battlefield QUICKLY. You need to attack while your opponent's

  • forces are unprepared..when they are dozing on their initial positions or if they're stuck

  • somewhere on another side of the board, and you need to quickly get domination in the

  • area around the opponent's king and start the attack there. The third rule is to sacrifice

  • material for activity and opening of the position. Sacrificing material for activity should now

  • be something natural for you. You know that you need to value quick development and advantage

  • in activity more than material. You don't need to have so much material. You just need

  • to have domination in the narrow territory around the opponent's king. And if we talk

  • about sacrificing material for opening of the position, then it's pretty logical as

  • well. It connects to the first item - if you want to attack the opponent's king, first

  • of all you need to break up his defense. You need to open up the position. Only then, your

  • forces will be able to target the opponent's king directly. So these 3 rules are the essence

  • of everything that Morphy did in his games. And just by following these 3 simple ideas,

  • he managed to devastate all of his opponents whether huge score. And if you follow these

  • rules in your games, you will definitely achieve some good results. Otherwise, if you don't

  • follow Morphy's rules, you will fall into Murphy's rule. Sorry, I'm just kidding! :) And

  • to end up the lesson, let's test your skills with one another brilliant position from the

  • game of Paul Morphy. Here is another game of Paul Morphy - he is playing White. Now

  • your task is to find the right move for White. Of course, it's not that you just guess the

  • move - apply the rules that we discussed previously, and find the right move. Then, write your

  • answer in the comments area below. Once you have found your solution, then below the video

  • you can find the link for the solution, click there and check yourself. Thank you for watching!

  • I really hope it will help you win a lot of brilliant games and see you in the next lessons.

  • Bye-bye! :)

Hi and welcome into the lesson "The greatest chess game everyone MUST know". Millions of

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誰もが知らなければならない偉大なチェスゲーム (The Greatest Chess Game Everyone MUST Know)

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    黃智顯 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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