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  • Have you ever been gazing at a starry sky when suddenly a bright dot glided into view?

  • If it wasn't blinking, then you've had the distinct pleasure of seeing one of mankind's greatest collaborative feats with your own eyes:

  • The International Space Station.

  • Roughly the size of a six-bedroom house, and weighing more than 320 cars, the International Space Station is so large that no single rocket could have lifted it into orbit.

  • Instead, it was assembled piece by piece while hurtling through space at 28,000 kilometers per hour, lapping the Earth once every 90 minutes.

  • It all started when sixteen nations signed the Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement,

  • laying out each partner's expected contributions to the ISS,

  • from modules and maintenance to sharing information and finances.

  • At an estimated 100 billion U.S. dollars, the Space Station would be the most expensive object ever built.

  • The whole world watched as a Russian rocket launched the first module of the ISS into the sky.

  • Zarya, meaning sunrise, was equipped with two solar panels and a propulsion system that had the important task of keeping the young station from crashing into the Earth by staying a safe 400 kilometers away.

  • The U.S. Space Shuttle Endeavour followed two weeks later, carrying Unity, a node module to which other modules could be connected, and an international six-person assembly crew.

  • Then came Zvezda, which brought communications and living accommodations.

  • Ever since the International Space Station's first tenants arrived, it's been continually occupied with more than 200 visitors, spending an average of six months onboard.

  • Astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti holds the record for the longest single space flight by a woman at 199 days on the ISS.

  • 2001 saw the arrival of Destiny, the first of four research modules, where astronauts spend approximately 36 hours a week conducting extraordinary experiments in microgravity.

  • Their schedules are packed with exercise, two hours a day to fend off muscle atrophy, station maintenance and repair, and connecting with family or awe-inspired minds around the world.

  • But they still find time for fun, with regular movie nights and even shooting the first music video in space.

  • Destiny also controls the seven-jointed robotic Canadarm2.

  • Capable of moving more than 100,000 kilograms, it's perfect for unloading new arrivals from shuttles.

  • 2001 was a busy year for the Space Station with the addition of Quest, the main airlock for strolls outside, and Pirs, a pier for Russian spacecraft to dock including the ever-ready emergency escape vehicle, Soyuz.

  • Then, on February 1st, 2003, after delivering research modules to the ISS, the space shuttle Columbia exploded during reentry tragically killing the seven-member crew on board.

  • After a four-year hiatus, work quickly picked up pace with the addition of more hubs, airlocks, docks, and an observation cupola for stunning 360-degree views of our world and beyond.

  • Other critical components included platforms and trusses to support radiators that direct all the heat generated by the station's electronics into space,

  • and solar panels that are efficient enough to power 55 homes.

  • It took ten years and over 30 missions, but finally, the International Space Station was complete, coinciding with the U.S. Space Shuttle Program's retirement.

  • The Space Station continues to serve as an incredible model for international collaboration.

  • This year, two people began a one-year stay on the ISS, allowing scientists to study the long-term physical and psychological effects of being in space,

  • which would prove useful for increasingly ambitious space travel, like trips to Mars.

  • Over its lifetime, we've learned an immense amount scientifically, but also about our capacity to work together and accomplish truly remarkable acts.

Have you ever been gazing at a starry sky when suddenly a bright dot glided into view?

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TED-ED】国際宇宙ステーションの裏側にある信じられないコラボレーション - ティエン・グエン (【TED-Ed】The incredible collaboration behind the International Space Station - Tien Nguyen)

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    Ann に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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