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  • Ten million people around the world are stateless. They are not citizens of a country, they have

  • no nationality, and often, they lack basic human rights. The current refugee crisis in

  • Syria has created thousands of stateless children, and as a result, the UN now reports that a

  • stateless child is born every ten minutes. But, how exactly can a person not have any

  • nationality? How do you become stateless?

  • Well, stateless people have almost no real rights, as there is no government to uphold

  • them. Various conventions have attempted to improve the situation, but without citizenship,

  • most people cannot vote, go to school, find a job, see a doctor, get married, or pretty

  • much anything else that requires an ID. They also see high rates of exploitation, violence,

  • and sexual assault.

  • Most people think of nationality as something you get by being born in a country, or something

  • you voluntarily apply. But the concept of citizenship and nationality being conveyed

  • upon birth is known asjus soli”, and is not applicable everywhere. There is another

  • concept calledjus sanguinis”, which determines your nationality through your parents,

  • regardless of where you are born. The current Syrian stateless crisis is the result ofjus

  • sanguinisin Syrian law. Only the father is able to designate nationality, and with

  • families being ripped apart, there are many Syrian children without fathers who are now

  • stateless.

  • The 1961 UN Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, says that children born stateless

  • must be allowed nationality on the territory where they are born. Unfortunately, Syria

  • and many other countries are not party to this convention.

  • In other cases, people are made stateless when their denies them citizenship due to

  • race or religion. In Myanmar, a long running human rights crisis has seen Rohingya Muslims

  • marginalized, abused, and denied citizenship on the basis of their ethnic and Muslim roots.

  • It is also possible for the country youre living in to dissolve and be replaced by another

  • country. The new country usually encompasses the former citizens, but in rare cases people

  • fall through the cracks. In Europe, the collapse of the Soviet Union led to hundreds of thousands

  • of stateless people, some of whom lacked their original citizenship documents to apply for

  • new citizenship. Nomadic people, such as the Roma, also called Gypsies, have similar issues

  • with statelessness. That is, no original documentation. Alternately, a lack of a birth certificate

  • due to hospitals with poor record keeping, or being born at home can make citizenship

  • impossible to prove.

  • Those are the primary reasons for statelessness, although others exist. You can try to renounce

  • your citizenship, but there are limitations in place to prevent intentional statelessness.

  • Alternately, you can try to become a citizen of a non-state, like Liberland or Northern

  • Cypress. Although you technically have citizenship, it would not be internationally recognized,

  • and so you would be considered stateless.

  • For decades, the UN has worked to end statelessness, and by 2024 hopes to eradicate the legal blocks

  • and circumstances causing it. But for the millions left without a homeland, the legal

  • limbo they are trapped in provides them nearly no opportunities to get out.

  • Many stateless people happen to be refugees and have no home country to return to. To

  • learn more about the rights of refugees, watch our video at the top. You can also learn about

  • the stateless Roma people, sometimes calledgypsies,” at the bottom. Thanks for watching

  • TestTube News! Don’t forget to like and subscribe for more videos.

Ten million people around the world are stateless. They are not citizens of a country, they have

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B1 中級

無国籍であることの意味は? (What Does It Mean To Be Stateless?)

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    gotony5614.me97 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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