But when you look at huge stretches of time,

でも長い期間で見なければ

it’s almost impossible to wrap your head around things.

理解できないこともある

So let’s start small

小さな単位から始めよう

with minutes, hours, days.

１分 １時間 １日

You probably spent the last 24 hours mostly sleeping and working,

この24時間 あなたは寝たり働いたり

with some coffee in there somewhere.

コーヒーを飲んだりした

Please watch less TV.

テレビはほどほどに

Now let’s look at 2013: relatively unnoticed,

2013年はどうだったか

Hitler’s bodyguard died at the age of 96

ヒトラーのボディーガードが死んだ

while in June, Edward Snowden started the NSA scandal.

スノーデンが機密情報を漏らした

Moving back a bit, the 21st century is still pretty young and largely shaped

少し戻って21世紀初め

by the attacks on 9/11 that ultimately led to the third Iraq war.

いきなり大きな事件

Oh, and Facebook and smartphones took over our lives.

911が起き イラク戦争に繋がった

But we’re just getting started:

スマートフォンも広まった

Let’s back up further!

さらに昔へとさかのぼってみよう

The 20th century has seen its share of conflicts too.

20世紀は戦争が多かった

After two devastating World Wars,

二つの世界大戦ののち

the Cold War lasted for almost the whole second half of it.

冷戦は半世紀も続いた

An average human lifespan covers most of this stuff

平均寿命はインターネット誕生から

as well as the birth of the internet and the beginning of the information age.

情報化時代までよりも長い

The oldest living person on Earth is currently Misao Okawa,

現在人類最高齢の大川ミサヲは

who was born in 1898, which means that her birth was closer to

1898年生まれ

Napoleon ruling Europe than to the current day.

その年からは 現在よりも

The last 500 years of human history

ナポレオン時代の方が近い

brought enormous changes to our lifestyles:

この500年で

Industrialisation gave rise to new ideas like communism,

私たちの生活は大きく変わった

farmers became workers and knowledge became easier to distribute.

工業化は新概念 共産主義を生み

The theory of evolution changed how we saw ourselves and the world we live in.

農家は工場勤務者に 馬は車になった

All in a few hundred years!

そして進化論は 世界の見方を変えた

The 15th century was very eventful:

すべて数百年以内だ

Columbus’s “discovery” of America and the fall of Constantinople

15世紀は波乱に満ちた

mark the end of the Middle Ages.

コロンブスがアメリカを見つけ

People in the Middle Ages where super into war over territory and religion

コンスタンティノープルは陥落した

but the Black Plague was far more efficient than war,

中世 侵略や宗教戦争があったが

killing every third European in six years.

黒死病はそれよりもひどく

Arriving in the Common Era, let’s take a look where we came from!

西洋人の３分の１が死んだ

Our current century is tiny, and 2013 is barely visible.

紀元前まで広げて現在を振り返ると

This is recorded human history.

21世紀はとても短く

The pyramids were constructed 4,500 years ago,

2013年は見えないくらいだ

the peak of the Roman Empire was 2,000 years ago,

人類の記録はこれくらい

so to the Romans the pyramids were as old as the Romans are to us today.

ピラミッドが建ったのは4500年前

History starts with writing. But what happened before that?

ローマ帝国は2000年前だ

About 12,000 years ago, the agricultural revolution took place.

ローマ人もピラミッドを観光した

Mankind began farming, which gave rise to

歴史が書かれる前はどうだったのか

the existence of cities and larger communities.

１万2000年前 農業革命が起きた

The dominance of the human species over planet Earth really started here.

人類は農業を始め

90,000 years ago, neanderthals and humans coexist in Europe.

都市などが発達していった

Fun fact: this is roughly the time period a modern spacecraft

人類による地球支配が始まったのだ

would need to reach the nearest star.

９万年前 ネアンデルタール人がいた

Homo sapiens, the modern human, evolved 200,000 years ago.

彼らが宇宙に旅立ってたら

Looking at all of human history, what we call AD seems pretty small, doesn’t it?

今頃他の星に着いただろう

6,000,000 years ago, our ancestors

人間 ホモサピエンスは

and the modern chimpanzee shared a common ancestor for the last time,

20万年前生まれた

and for 2,750,000 years, stone tools were all the rage.

人間の歴史全体から見ると

A mere 65,000,000 years ago, the age of the dinosaurs ended in

紀元後は短い期間だ

an enormous explosion, which paved the way for the rise of mammals.

600万年前 チンパンジーと人間が

But the dinosaurs ruled the Earth for an incredibly long time:

共通の祖先から分岐した

over 165,000,000 years!

この間に275万年にも及ぶ

That’s so long that it means a T. rex that lived 65,000,000 years ago

石器時代があった

is closer to seeing a live Miley Cirus concert

6500万年前 大爆発によって

than to seeing a live stegosaurus!

恐竜の時代が終わり

Animal life on this planet started 600,000,000 years ago:

哺乳類の道が開けた

the earliest animals were fish and other small simple sea creatures,

恐竜の時代は驚くほど長く

then came insects, then reptiles,

１億6500万年である

and finally, around 200,000,000 years ago,

長すぎて

mammals join the party!

6500万年前のＴ-レックスから見れば

Life itself began much further back:

マイリー・サイラスの方が

3,600,000,000 years ago.

ステゴサウルスより近い

Before any animals appeared, there were 2,400,000,000 years

動物の命は６億年前に始まった

when life consisted only of tiny microbes,

最初 海で魚として生息していて

countless single-cell bacteria.

後に虫や爬虫類になり

For 3,000,000,000 years, all life on Earth was invisible to the naked eye.

そして約２億年前

It’s hard to understand how single-cell organisms

哺乳類が加わった

could develop into complex life forms like fish or sloths.

生命の誕生はもっと前

The answer is time, a whole lot of time:

36億年前までさかのぼる

2,400,000,000 years is lot of time to work with!

動物となるまでの24億年間

4,600,000,000 years ago, the Sun was born from the remnants of a giant explosion,

生命は小さな菌類や

60,000,000 years later, Earth formed.

単細胞生物だけだった

In those early years, frequent bombardment by comets and asteroids

30億年間 地球の生命体は

supplied the Earth with large oceans and a moon to send spaceships to.

裸眼では見えなかった

But as far as the whole universe goes, our Solar system is pretty new.

単細胞生物がどうやったら

13,750,000,000 years ago, the universe was born, and

複雑な動物になれるのだろうか

600,000,000 years later, our own galaxy formed from billions of stars,

その答えは時間だ　長い時間

but what was before the Big Bang?

24億年もかけてそうなった

The truth is, we don’t know that yet, and maybe we never will.

46億年前 星の残骸から太陽が生まれ

But we gave it some colours so at least we have that.

6000万年後 地球が作られた

And there you have it:

初期に 彗星や小惑星がぶつかり

the past.

それが巨大な海や月をもたらした

Now let’s take a look at what we know about the future.

だが宇宙全体から見れば

In roughly 1,000,000,000 years,

太陽系でさえ新しい

the Sun will be so hot that life on Earth becomes impossible.

137億年前 宇宙が誕生し

The death of the Sun 4,000,000,000 years later marks the end of the Solar system.

６億年後 星や銀河が形成された

OK, so no more Solar system.

では ビッグバンの前は？

And what happens after that?

解明されておらず その見込みもない

A few trillions years from now, star production will cease

これで一通り説明は終えた

and one day the last star in the universe will die.

これがつまり 過去だ

The universe will turn dark,

では 次は未来を見てみよう

inhabited only by black holes.

約10億年後 太陽が熱くなり過ぎ

Long after the last black hole has evaporated,

地球上の生物は死ぬ

our universe reaches its final stage,

40億年後は太陽が死に

something called heat death.

太陽系は消える

Nothing changes anymore,

では その後は何が起こるのだろうか

the universe

数兆年後 星の誕生が止まる

is dead

そしていつか 宇宙最後の星が死ぬ

forever.

宇宙は闇に包まれ

Now you’re feeling some pretty weird feelings right now, aren’t you?

ブラックホールだけが残る

We are too.

最後のブラックホールも蒸発すると

It’s only natural.

宇宙は最終段階に到達

The good news is:

熱的死と呼ばれる状態だ

this is all far, far away.

後は何も起きず

The only time that actually matters is now!

宇宙は死ぬ

That cute girl you like,

永遠に

ask her out!

不思議な気持ちになっただろうか

Time is precious,

私もだ

make it count!

問題ない

Subtitles by the Amara.org community

まあ これは遠い遠い未来の話