Ourobjectivehasbeentorestorepricestabilitywhilemaintaining a stronglabormarket, avoidingthesharpincreasesinunemploymentthatcharacterizedearlierdisinflationaryepisodeswheninflationexpectationswerelesswell-anchored.
Whilethetaskisnotcomplete, wehavemade a gooddealofprogresstowardthatoutcome.
課題はまだ完了していないが、私たちはその成果に向けてかなりの前進を遂げた。
Today, I willbeginbyaddressingthecurrenteconomicsituationandthepathaheadformonetarypolicy.
本日はまず、現在の経済状況と金融政策の行方についてお話しします。
I willthenturnto a discussionofeconomiceventssincethepandemicarrived, exploringwhyinflationrosetolevelsnotseenin a generation, andwhyithasfallensomuchwhileunemploymenthasremainedlow.
Theunemploymentratebegantoriseover a yearagoandisnowat 4.3 percent, stilllowbyhistoricalstandards, butalmost a fullpercentagepointaboveitslevelinearly 2023.
After a historicallydeepbutbriefrecession, inmid-2020, theeconomybegantogrowagain.
歴史的に深い、しかし短期間の景気後退の後、2020年半ばに経済は再び成長し始めた。
Andastherisksof a severeextendeddownturnrecededandastheeconomyreopened, wefacedtheriskofreplayingthepainfullyslowrecoverythatfollowedtheglobalfinancialcrisis.
Mycolleaguesand I judgedattheoutsetthatthesepandemic-relatedfactorswouldnotbepersistentandthusthatthesuddenriseininflationwaslikelytopassthroughfairlyquicklywithouttheneedfor a monetarypolicyresponse.
Standardthinkinghaslongbeenthataslongasinflationexpectationsremainwell-anchored, itcanbeappropriateforcentralbankstolookthrough a temporaryriseininflation.
Inflationroseandbroadenedoutfromgoodstoservices, anditbecameclearthathighinflationwasnottransitoryandthatitwouldrequire a strongresponseifinflationexpectationsweretoremainwell-anchored.
Ourrestrictivemonetarypolicycontributedto a moderationinaggregatedemand, whichcombinedwithimprovementsinaggregatesupplytoreduceinflationarypressureswhileallowinggrowthtocontinueat a healthypace.
Whileresearchersdifferintheirapproachesandtosomeextentintheirconclusions, a consensusseemstobeemerging, which I seeasattributingmostoftheriseininflationtothiscollision.
Ourstatementonlonger-rungoalsandmonetarypolicystrategyemphasizesourcommitmenttoreviewingourprinciplesandmakingappropriateadjustmentsthrough a thoroughpublicrevieweveryfiveyears.
Thelimitsofourknowledge, soclearlyevidentduringthepandemic, demandhumilityand a questioningspiritfocusedonlearninglessonsfromthepastandapplyingthemflexiblytoourcurrentchallenges.