Let's actuallyseewhattermstructureswegetas a consequence.
結果としてどのような期間構造になるのか、実際に見てみよう。
Sowehave a graphhereofdifferenttermstructures, andbytakingtheweightedaverageofinterestratesthatprevailedoveranyoneperiod, wecanobtaintheeffectiveinterestrateforthatspecificperiod.
Andifweplottheseovertime, that's howweobtain a yieldcurve.
これを時系列でプロットすると、イールド・カーブが得られる。
Sowecansee a numberofdifferentyieldcurveshere, andtheylook a bitdifferentdependingonwhenwestarttoanalyzethese, becausetheyareultimatelydependentontheshortrate, andbecausetheshortratevariesovertime, sowilltheseyieldcurves.
Okay, wehavesomelimitshereaswellforthevolatilitytermstructure, andwecanseethataswegettothestartingpoint, soasbig T minussmall t goestozero, thisvolatilitytermstructuregoestosigma.
For a lotofapplications, a quitesimplisticmodelmightdo, becauseultimately, thevarianceintermsofbondpricesisnotgoingtobeverybigundernormalmarketconditions.
Unlike, forexample, thelog-normaldistribution, thenormaldistributioncrosseszero, andthere's always a non-zeroprobabilityofbeingnegative.
例えば対数正規分布とは異なり、正規分布はゼロを横切り、常にゼロ以外の確率でマイナスになる。
For a longtime, thiswasconsidered a shortcomingofthismodel, becausethismodelwasdevelopedsometimeinthe 70s, I believe, andduringthattime, wehadn't reallyobservednegativeinterestratesinthemarkets.