However, itiswidelyrecognizedthat a significantmajorityofthepopulationlivesinruralareasandmaintains a lifestylethatiscloselytiedtotraditionaltribalandclansystems.
Anothertheorysuggeststhattherelativelyconsistentconditionsof a tropicalclimateallowedgroupstoacclimatetotheirspecificelevationlevels, leadingthemtostayputratherthanmigrateupordownthemountainslopes, thusmaintainingtheirisolation.
However, a coupleofwidelyusedlinguafrancashaveemerged.
しかし、広く使われている共通語はいくつかある。
English, andthemostwidelyusedlanguageinPapuaNewGuineawitharound 5 to 6 millionspeakers,
英語は、パプアニューギニアで最も広く使われている言語で、約500万~600万人の話者がいる、
Takpisin, orsometimescalledNewGuineaPigeon.
タクピシン、あるいはニューギニア・ピジョンと呼ばれることもある。
Takpisinis a Creolelanguagethattakesapproximately 60 to 70% ofitsvocabularyfromEnglish, andalsoincorporateselementsfromGerman, Portuguese, andvariousindigenouslanguagesofPapuaNewGuinea.
Andasis a commoncharacteristicinmanyruralareasacrosstheworld, thereis a strongerdistrustofthegovernmentinsomeareas, whichmayleadtoreluctancetoparticipateingovernment-ledinitiativeslike a census, potentiallyleadingtounderreportingordifficultiesindatacollection.
PapuaNewGuineaishometoanestimated 13 to 14,000 knownplantspecies, with a significantnumberofthemendemic, thankstothecountry's proximitytotheequator, sufficientrainfall, andfertilesoilsderivedfromvolcanicash.
TheSepikRiverpeopleundergo a painfulscarificationprocess, wheretheirskiniscutandscarredtoresemblecrocodilescales, symbolizingstrength, bravery, and a transitiontoadulthood.
A beliefinwitchcraftandsorceryiscommoninmanypartsofPapuaNewGuinea.
パプアニューギニアの多くの地域では、魔術や妖術への信仰が一般的である。
Accusationsofwitchcraftareoftentriggeredbytheillnessordeathof a familymemberorfriend, leadingrelativesandothervillagerstoseekvengeanceagainstthesuspectedwitch, whomtheybelievetoberesponsiblefortheirmisfortune.