Welcome to just speak,

Welcome to just speak, ”Just Speak!” にようこそ！

the language tool that helps you

the language tool that helps you この動画は英語のスピーキング練習

learn English by actually

learn English by actually に役立つツールです。実際に話す練習ができて

giving you speaking practice!

giving you speaking practice! スピーキング力がアップします！

To have a conversation in English

To have a conversation in English 英会話ができるようになりたい方は

you need to be very good at 4 basic areas

you need to be very good at 4 basic areas 4つの時制を上手に使えるようになってください

“Habit”, “Now”, “`Future” and “Past”

“Habit”, “Now”, “`Future” and “Past” 『習慣』、『今』、『未来』、『過去』

last week we looked at “Future”

last week we looked at “Future” 先週は『未来』を勉強しました

the week before that we looked at “Now”

the week before that we looked at “Now” その前は『今』をして、

and the week before we looked at “Habit”

and the week before we looked at “Habit” その前は『習慣』をしました

today, we are going to look at “Past”

today, we are going to look at “Past” 今日は『過去』を詳しく見てみましょう。

things that you did, or that somebody did, in the past

things that you did, or that somebody did, in the past 過去に自分や他の人がしたことです

this is number 4 of the 4 main areas in English

this is number 4 of the 4 main areas in English ４つの主な時制がありますが、今回が最後です

so if you haven't seen any of the previous episodes

so if you haven’t seen any of the previous episodes これまでの動画をまだご覧になっていない方は

please go back and watch those episodes

please go back and watch those episodes これまでの動画を観てください

before you watch this one

before you watch this one 今回の動画を観る前に先に観た方がいいです

there are links up here

there are links up here リンクはこちらです

please go back and watch those episodes now

please go back and watch those episodes now 先にこれまでの動画を観てください

if you have seen the previous episodes

if you have seen the previous episodes これまでの動画をご覧になった方は

then let's continue

then let’s continue 先に進みましょう

today we're looking at "Past"

today we’re looking at "Past" 今日は『過去』を勉強しましょう

the keyword for "Past" is “did”

the keyword for "Past" is “did” 『過去』のキーワードは『did』です

if you hear "did" in the question

if you hear "did" in the question 質問文の中の『did』が聞き取れたら

that is a "Past" question

that is a "Past" question それは『過去』の質問だと気づいて

so, respond with the “Past” grammar

so, respond with the “Past” grammar 『過去』の時制を使って答えてください

again, as before, you need to start with a person

again, as before, you need to start with a person 前にも言いましたが、英語の文は『人』から始めます

”I”, ”you”, ”we”, ”they”, or ”he” and ”she”

”I”, ”you”, ”we”, ”they”, or ”he” and ”she” 「私」「あなた」「私たち」「彼ら」または「彼」「彼女」

starting with a person in English is very important

starting with a person in English is very important 英語では文を『人』から始めるのがとても大事ですよ

so don't forget this! Person first!

so don’t forget this! Person first! 忘れないでください！『人』からです！

then you need a verb

then you need a verb 次に動詞がきます

now are talking about past sentences

now、today we are talking about past sentences 『過去』の話をしているので

so that must be past tense,

so that verb must be past tense, 動詞を過去形にします

which in English can be very, very difficult

which in English can be very, very difficult これはとても難しいですよ

in English we have 2 types of past verb

in English we have 2 types of past verb 英語の動詞の過去形は２種類あります

we have regular past verbs

we have regular past verbs まず、『レギュラー』と呼ばれる動詞の過去形（規則動詞）

which means you just add "ED"

which means you just add "ED" 動詞に『ED』を付けるだけです

for example,

for example, 例えば、

”want” becomes ”wanted”

”want” becomes ”wanted” 『want』は『wanted』になって

”listen” becomes ”listened”

”listen” becomes ”listened” 『listen』は『listened』になって

”start” becomes ”started”

”start” becomes ”started” 『start』は『started』なります。

etc etc

etc etc 他にもたくさんあります

“ED” added to the base verb, simple

“ED” added to the base verb, simple 動詞の原形に『ED』を付けるだけ

but we also have irregular verbs

but we also have irregular verbs ただし、『イレギュラー』の動詞 （不規則動詞）もあります

now irregular verbs can change in anyway

now irregular verbs can change in anyway 『irregular』動詞の変化の仕方は不規則です

they're very difficult and there are no rules

they're very difficult and there are no rules ルールがないので難しいですね

so for example

so for example 例えば、

"eat" becomes "ate"

"eat" becomes "ate" 『eat 』は『ate』になって

"drink" becomes "drank"

"drink" becomes "drank" 『drink』は『drank』になって

"sleep" becomes "slept"

"sleep" becomes "slept" 『sleep』は『slept』になります

really, really difficult

really, really difficult とても難しいです

but your only option is to learn every one and

but your only option is to learn every one and とにかく変わり方を１つずつ覚えて

just speak

just speak! 使って話すしかありません

there is one hint I can give you with past tenses

there is one hint I can give you with past tenses １つヒントがあります

if you don't know if it's irregular or regular

if you don’t know if it’s irregular or regular 『過去』の話の中で、 動詞が規則動詞なのか不規則動詞なのか わからなくても

try adding "ED" anyway

try adding "ED" anyway 『ED』を付けてみてください

there's a chance you will be correct

there’s a chance you will be correct それで正しい可能性もあるし、

there's a chance you will be incorrect

there's a chance you will be incorrect 正しくない可能性もあるけど

but at least you're not stopping in the flow of conversation

but at least you’re not stopping in the flow of conversation 少なくとも会話の流れが止まることはありません

and least you're still speaking

and least you’re still speaking 少なくとも話はできていますよね

the other person will 100% understand if you say

the other person will 100% understand if you say 失敗しても、相手は必ず分かりますよ

“Yesterday I eated bacon”

“Yesterday I eated bacon” 『昨日はベーコンを食べました』

they will understand

they will understand 相手は分かりますよ

so don't worry, no problem, just speak

so don’t worry, no problem, just speak 気にしないでください、とにかく話してね！

so, we have our "person" and our "past" verb

so, we have our "person" and our "past" verb 文は、先ず主語である『人』、次に『過去』の動詞

now, we need an object

now, we need an object そして、その後『目的語』が続く場合があります

a noun or an adjective

a noun or an adjective 『名詞』または『形容詞』になります

and then we need time

and then we need time その次は『時間』です

for example

for example 例えば、

“I ate pizza yesterday”

“I ate pizza yesterday” 『私は昨日ピザを食べました』

“I drank wine last week”

“I drank wine last week” 『私は先週ワインを飲みました』

“I walked in the park this morning”

“I walked in the park this morning” 『今朝、公園を歩きました』

some examples without objects would be

some examples without objects would be 『目的語』がない場合もあります

“I slept last night”

“I slept last night” 『昨日、寝ました』

“I talked this morning”

“I talked this morning” 『今朝、話しました』

OK, let's go, if you're watching with subtitles, great

OK, let’s go, if you’re watching with subtitles, great では始めましょう！字幕でこの動画をご覧になっている方は

but please turn off the subtitles now

but please turn off the subtitles now どうか字幕を消してください

this is not reading practice

this is not reading practice これはリーディングの練習ではありません

this is listening practice and speaking practice

this is listening practice and speaking practice リスニングとスピーキングの練習です

turn off the subtitles

turn off the subtitles なので字幕を消して下さいね

you can turn them back on and watch again later

you can turn them back on and watch again later 後で再度字幕をつけて、繰り返し観る事はできますよ

Here we go!

Here we go! さあ、始めましょう！

today we have 20 questions

today we have 20 questions 質問は２０問あります

you are going to have 5 seconds for each question

you are going to have 5 seconds for each question 答える時間は５秒間

please respond with full grammar, okay?

please respond with full grammar, okay? フルセンテンスで答えて下さい！

are you ready?

are you ready? 準備はいいですか？

let's go

let’s go はじめましょう！

Number 1

Number 1 ナンバーワン！

1. What did you do yesterday?

1. What did you do yesterday? 1. 昨日は何をしましたか？

I went to Osaka.

I went to Osaka. 大阪へ行きました

2. Where did you eat lunch yesterday?

2. Where did you eat lunch yesterday? 2. 昨日はどこでランチを食べましたか？

I ate lunch in a ramen restaurant in Osaka.

I ate lunch in a ramen restaurant in Osaka. 大阪のラーメン屋さんで食べました

3. What did you eat for lunch?

3. What did you eat for lunch? 3. ランチに何を食べましたか？

I ate spicy ramen.

I ate spicy ramen. 辛いラーメンを食べました

4. Who did you meet yesterday?

4. Who did you meet yesterday? 4. 昨日は誰に会いましたか？

I met my friend and his wife.

I met my friend and his wife. 友達と彼の奥さんに会いました

5. What time did you sleep last night?

5. What time did you sleep last night? 5. 昨日は何時に寝ましたか？

I slept at about 11.

I slept at about 11. １１時くらいに寝ました

6. What time did you wake up this morning?

6. What time did you wake up this morning? 6. 今朝は、何時に起きましたか？

I woke up at about 8.

I woke up at about 8. ８時くらいに起きました

7. What did you eat for breakfast?

7. What did you eat for breakfast? 7. 今日は朝ごはんに、何を食べましたか？

I ate eggs on toast.

I ate eggs on toast. 卵とトーストを食べました

8. What did you drink this morning?

8. What did you drink this morning? 8. 何を飲みましたか？

I drank tea.

I drank tea. 紅茶を飲みました

9. What did you do last weekend?

9. What did you do last weekend? 9. 先週は何をしましたか？

I watched a movie.

I watched a movie. 映画を観ました

10. Where did you go last weekend?

10. Where did you go last weekend? 10. 先週はどこへ行きましたか？

I went to United Cinemas.

I went to United Cinemas. United Cinemaへ行きました

11. How did you go there?

11. How did you go there? 11. どうやって行きましたか？

I drove.

I drove. 車で行きました

12. Did you drink water yesterday?

12. Did you drink water yesterday? 12. 昨日はお水を飲みましたか？

Yes, I did.

Yes, I did. はい、飲みました。

13. Did you use your phone yesterday?

13. Did you use your phone yesterday? 13. 昨日は携帯を使いましたか？

Yes, I did.

Yes, I did. はい、使いました

14. What did you do on your phone?

14. What did you do on your phone? 14. 携帯で、何をしましたか？

I checked Facebook and Instagram.

I checked Facebook and Instagram. Facebookとインスタをチェックしました

15. What time did you wake up yesterday?

15. What time did you wake up yesterday? 15. 昨日は何時に起きましたか？

I woke up at about 9 yesterday.

I woke up at about 9 yesterday. 昨日は９時くらいに起きました

16. What did you do after that?

16. What did you do after that? 16. その後は何をしましたか？

I had breakfast and took a shower.

I had breakfast and took a shower. 朝ごはんを食べて、シャワーをしました

17. What did you do the day before yesterday?

17. What did you do the day before yesterday? 17. おとといは何をしましたか？

I worked.

I worked. 仕事をしました

18. When did you go on vacation?

18. When did you go on vacation? 18. 最後の旅行はいつでしたか？

I went on vacation in June last year.

I went on vacation in June last year. 去年の６月に旅行しました

19. Where did you go?

19. Where did you go? 19. どこへいきましたか？

I went to Spain.

I went to Spain. スペインへ行きました

20. How long did you stay there?

20. How long did you stay there? 20. どのぐらいいましたか？

I stayed there for 10 days.

I stayed there for 10 days. 10日間いました

OK, well done, everybody, that was "Past"

OK, well done, everybody, that was "Past" みなさん、よくできましたね！『過去』を使って話をしました

BUT

BUT よくできましたが・・

Let's mix things up a bit

Let’s mix things up a bit もうちょっと勉強しましょうね！

I'm going to ask you another 20 questions

I’m going to ask you another 20 questions また質問を２０問します。

but this time I'm going to mix all of the tenses

but this time I’m going to mix all of the tenses 今回は、すべての時制を混ぜましょう

"Habit", "Now", "Future" and "Past",

"Habit", "Now", "Future" and "Past", ここからは『習慣』と『今』と『未来』と『過去』

all of the tenses are going to be in the next 20 questions

all of the tenses are going to be in the next 20 questions 次の２０問にはこれらの全ての時制が使われています

again if you haven't watched the previous episodes

again if you haven’t watched the previous episodes 前回の動画をまだご覧になっていない方は、

please go back and watch the previous episodes

please go back and watch the previous episodes この続きを観ないで、前回に戻って

you need them to be able to do this next part

you need them to be able to do this next part ご覧になってから、先に進んでください

go back and watch them again

go back and watch them again 先にこれまでの動画を観てください

listen for the keywords in each of the questions

listen for the keywords in each of the questions 質問の中のキーワードをしっかり聞き取って

the keyword for “Habit” is “do” and “does”

the keyword for “Habit” is “do” and “does” 『習慣』のキーワードは『Do』と『Does』

the keyword for “Now” is “be + verb + ING”

the keyword for “Now” is “be + verb + ING” 『今』のキーワードは『BE』＋『動詞』＋『ING』

the keyword for “Future” is “be going to + verb”

the keyword for “Future” is “be going to + verb” 『未来』のキーワードは『BE GOING TO』＋『動詞』

and the keyword for “past” is “did”

and the keyword for “past” is “did” 『過去』のキーワードは『did』です

okay?

okay? 大丈夫ですか？

20 questions,

20 questions, 質問は２０問で

5 seconds to respond

5 seconds to respond それぞれ回答時間は５秒

and please respond with full grammar

and please respond with full grammar フルセンテンスで答えて下さい

here we go

here we go 準備はいいですか？

Number one!

Number one! ナンバーワン！

Where do you live?

Where do you live? どこに住んでいますか？

I live in Kanazawa.

I live in Kanazawa. 金沢に住んでいます。

What are you doing?

What are you doing? 今、何をしていますか？

I am studying English.

I am studying English. 英語を勉強しています

What are you going to do tomorrow?

What are you going to do tomorrow? 明日は何をしますか？

I'm going to shop tomorrow.

I'm going to shop tomorrow. 明日はショッピングに行きます

What did you do yesterday?

What did you do yesterday? 昨日は何をしましたか？

I worked yesterday.

I worked yesterday. 昨日は仕事しました

What time did you wake up this morning?

What time did you wake up this morning? 今朝は何時に起きましたか？

I woke up at 8.

I woke up at 8. 今朝は、８時に起きました。

What time are you going to go to bed tonight?

What time are you going to go to bed tonight? 今晩は何時に寝ますか？

I'm going to go to bed at 12.

I'm going to go to bed at 12. １２時に寝ます

How often do you go to bed before 10?

How often do you go to bed before 10? どのくらいの頻度で１０時前に寝ますか？

I often go to bed before 10. I go to bed before 10 about 4 times a week.

I often go to bed before 10. I go to bed before 10 about 4 times a week. よく１０時前に寝ますよ。週に４回ぐらいです

Did you go to bed before 10 last night?

Did you go to bed before 10 last night? 昨日は１０時前に寝ましたか？

No, I didn't.

No, I didn't. いいえ、寝ませんでした

What did you eat for breakfast this morning?

What did you eat for breakfast this morning? 今朝は何を食べましたか？

I ate cereals.

I ate cereals. シリアルを食べました

How often do you eat toast for breakfast?

How often do you eat toast for breakfast? どのくらいの頻度で朝ごはんにトーストを食べますか？

I sometimes eat toast for breakfast. I eat toast for breakfast twice a week.

I sometimes eat toast for breakfast. I eat toast for breakfast twice a week. 時々朝ごはんにトーストを食べますよ 週に２回ぐらいです。

Do you have a best friend?

Do you have a best friend? 友人はいますか？

Yes, I do.

Yes, I do. はい、いますよ。

Where does your best friend live?

Where does your best friend live? 友人はどこに住んでいますか？

My best friend lives in Kanazawa.

My best friend lives in Kanazawa. 金沢に住んでいます。

What is he/she doing now?

What is he/she doing now? 友人は今何をしていますか？