Very well played, sir.

いいプレーだ

Cricket... of course, doesn't even have rules.

クリケットの競技規則は “法律”と呼ばれる

It has laws.

気取ってて 大げさな印象だ

And that immediately strikes some people as pompous and self-regarding.

“法律”の大半は19世紀に 作られました

[narrator] Those laws were mostly written in 19th-century London

発祥の地とされる ロンドンの“ローズ”で

at a pitch still considered the home of cricket

〝ローズ･グラウンド〞

called Lord's.

貴族ロードのための ―

[newsreel narrator] For this is Lord's:

伝統と形式に根ざした スポーツです

deeply rooted in tradition and in the ritual tradition brings.

試合中に ティータイムまである

You know, God bless cricket.

体力勝負です

It has a tea break in the game.

５日間 続けて プレーすることも

[Brian Lara] It's definitely a test of attrition.

クリケットは変化しました

A lot of people can't get their mind around,

より収入が見込め ―

"How do you stand out there for five days?"

観客を呼ぶ 新しい形式が 生まれました

[narrator] But cricket has changed.

変わらない点は…

There's a new form of the sport

とても複雑なゲームだ

That's bringing in more money, fans, and a different style of play.

イライラするよ

But one thing hasn't changed.

はっきりしたロジックがない

[Kimber] It's complicated.

それでも 10億人もの人が ―

It is one of the most complicated sports on Earth.

２０１５年のインド対 パキスタン戦を ―

It's totally wiggly.

観戦しました

It doesn't even follow any apparent obvious reason.

全人類の７人に１人です

[narrator] That didn't put off the one billion people

英国生まれの 複雑なスポーツが ―

that were estimated to have watched a single cricket match in 2015

なぜ ここまで大人気に？

between India and Pakistan.

イギリス代表の入場です

That's one in seven humans.

柳の板と球を使った 細やかな戦い

So how did this confusing British game

当たった！

become one of the most popular sports on Earth?

主将のララです

[newsreel announcer] And here's the England side coming into the field.

素晴らしい勝利！

[crowd cheering]

ワールド･カップ 驚きの展開

[newsreel narrator] A subtle battle between a slice of willow

もはや 英国紳士の スポーツではない

and a round of leather.

クリケット

[man shouts] Yeah! Got it.

競技ルール

[crowd cheering]

11人のチーム ２チームが対戦

[announcer 1] West Indian skipper, Brian Lara.

攻撃側の２人が ピッチの両側について ―

[announcer 2] What a great victory.

打撃を行い ―

[announcer 3] Unbelievable scenes here at the World Cup.

相手チームは守備につきます

[announcer 4] This is certainly not an Englishman's game anymore.

両端にはウィケット

[theme music playing]

スタンプ３本と ベイル２本から成ります

[Mandvi] Two teams of 11 play each other

バッツマン打者はその前に立ち ―

on a field shaped like an oval.

反対側から ボウラー投手が 投げる球を打ちます

The batting team has two players on the field at a time

打撃に成功すると ―

on either end of the pitch.

２人のバッツマンが 場所を入れ替え ―

They're trying to score runs,

その間 守備側は球を拾い ―

while the fielding team is trying to get them out.

どちらかの ウィケットに当てます

On each side of the pitch is a wicket.

バッツマンが着く前に ベイルが落ちたら ―

The wicket is three stumps topped by two bails.

アウトとなり 打者交代です

A batsman stands in front of a wicket

打球が遠くに飛べば 走る必要はなく ―

trying to hit the ball delivered by a bowler

バウンダリーに届けば４点

from the other end of the pitch.

越えれば６点が入ります

If the batsman hits the ball, they score runs

守備チームが 捕球すればアウト

by exchanging positions with the other batsmen.

ボウラーの投げた球が ウィケットに当たり ―

Each exchange equals one run.

ベイルが落ちてもアウト

While they're running, the fielders try to get the ball

バッツマンが球を見送るか 空振りしても ―

and hit one of the wickets before a batsman gets there.

ウィケットが倒れない限り アウトになりません

If they don't make it before the ball knocks the bails off the stumps,

ボウラーが 投げられるのは６球まで

they're out and the new batsman comes in.

この投球数は “オーバー”と呼ばれ ―

If the batsman hits the ball hard enough, they won't have to run.

１オーバー毎に ボウラーが交代します

If they hit it to the boundary, it's worth four runs.

バッツマン10人がアウトで ―

And all the way over the boundary...

１イニングとなり 攻守交代します

that's six.

従来では両チーム ２イニングずつ

If a fielder catches the ball,

最後に得点が 多い方が勝ちです

the batsman is out.

５日経っても終わらない場合 引き分けに

The bowler can also get a batsman out if their delivery hits the wicket,

アウトは10種類

knocking the bails off the stumps.

その内容は ―

A batsman can choose not to swing

とても複雑です

or swing and miss the ball,

脚が出てもアウトだし―

and he won't get out as long as the wicket is safe.

審判の役割や 守備位置の種類

The bowler, however, can only bowl six deliveries at a time.

ミッドオン ミッドオフ エキストラカバー…

That's called an "over," and it's really important.

全てが独特すぎて わかりにくい

After each over, a teammate takes their place.

英国人はクリケットを 世界に広めました

When ten of the 11 batsman are out,

18〜19世紀の 植民地化の結果です

it's called an "innings" and the other team bats.

兵士がプレーし―

In traditional cricket, each team has two innings in the match

場所によっては定着した

and the team with the most runs at the end wins.

カナダは寒くて根付かず アイスホッケーが人気に

If they haven't finished after five days,

暖かい国では定着した

the umpire calls a draw.

米国では 野球に とって代わられました

Technically there are ten ways to get out.

米国では“植民地主義の 匂いがする”と―

But if you ask someone to explain them,

クリケットは嫌われた

cricket can get very confusing very quickly.

他の植民地にとっては 英国を ―

Leg before wicket, one of the ways someone can be out

打ち負かす機会を 意味しました

and the nature of the umpire,

英国は実力を測るため ―

the nature of fielding positions:

各国チームを招いて “テスト･マッチ”を開催

silly mid-on, silly mid-off, extra cover, third man.

長い試合形式は 今もそう呼ばれます

It's all very coded and peculiar, cricket. I suppose that's the problem.

強豪国はどこかで思ってる―

[Mandvi] The British didn't just write the rules of cricket...

“イギリスを 見返してやりたい”とね

they spread it around the world

そして １９７５年から その機会が増えることに

by taking it to their colonies in the 18th and 19th centuries.

ワールドカップＷ杯です

British soldiers played it,

Ｗ杯がなければ クリケットは―

and the local people either took to it or didn't.

非公式なままだった

In Canada, they didn't particularly.

Ｗ杯のおかげで 皆にチャンスが

A bit cold.

大会では ―

So they went to the ice hockey instead.

短時間で勝敗を決める 必要があります

But in the warmer countries, it seems obviously to have taken off.

オーバーの数を制限し ―

[Mandvi] Even the United States played

１日で終わる形式を採用

before baseball became the patriotic pastime.

最初の２年は 西インド諸島が連覇

America decided cricket smacked of colonialism,

母が台所で飛び跳ねてた

and therefore, they were not going to play.

試合の内容には 興味がなくても―

[Mandvi] But in other colonies, playing cricket was an opportunity

クリケットは 大きな意味を持つ

to beat the colonizers at their own game.

我々の誇りだ

And the English began inviting teams

１９８３年　Ｗ杯 インド対西インド諸島 ３年目 英国は 決勝出場を逃します

to come test their skills against them in England.

英国を下し 決勝進出したインドは ―

The competitions were called test matches,

それまで Ｗ杯通算１勝でした

which is what the long form of the game continues to be called.

誰もインドが勝つとは 思わなかった

Most of the countries and the top countries that play the game

ミアール･ボズ 作家　クリケット研究家

has that little element of wanting to get back at the English.

決勝当日のインド代表は 闖入者ちんにゅうしゃ扱いだったよ

[Mandvi] And the colonies got a new opportunity

しかし インドはかつての 宗主国を尻目に ―

to do that starting in 1975,

まさかの優勝

when cricket got a World Cup.

83年は インドが初めて ―

Without the World Cup, cricket would still be a gentlemanly agreement.

外国での勝利を達成した年

"Oh, yeah, we're free at that time of year. We'll come over."

新時代の到来だ

Whereas the World Cup gives everyone the chance to prove themselves.

経済成長は 始まる前だったが ―

[Mandvi] In order to play a tournament, matches needed to be shorter

国として 自信を得た 瞬間だった

and end with a winner and a loser.

勝者にふさわしい―

So they played a one-day form of the game

戦いを貫いたと思う

that limited the number of overs faced by each team.

〝必ず勝つ〞という 決意を持って戦った

[crowd roaring]

それ以降の世代は―

The first two World Cups were both won by the West Indies.

イギリスの支配から 解放され―

My mother was jumping in the kitchen when the West Indies were winning.

自信を持てるようになった

Did she care about the game that much? No.

このような国でも―

Did she understand the game that much? No.

経済が豊かになり テレビが普及すれば―

But cricket meant a lot to us as West Indians,

クリケットの強豪にも なれるとわかった

and not just in the Caribbean.

４年後 インドは初の 英国外でのＷ杯を主催

[Mandvi] In the third World Cup, England didn't even make the finals.

１９８７年 Ｗ杯 インド対イングランド

They had lost to India,

〝タマシャ〞 という言葉は―

a team playing against the West Indies

楽しさや興奮 ドキドキ などの感情を意味する

after having won a single game in the first two World Cups.

ワンデイ･マッチは 一瞬でタマシャに

In the final, nobody gave India a chance.

驚くべきことだよ

They were like interlopers.

かつてはイギリスの 教会の脇の野原で―

On the day of the match, the feeling was,

“よろしいですな”なんて やってたスポーツが―

"Who are these people? Why are they at Lord's?

大歓声の上がる 一大行事になった

Why isn't England at Lord's?"

１９９２年 Ｗ杯 パキスタン対イングランド

[Mandvi] But on the turf of their former colonizer

８万７千人の 観衆を前に勝利です！

and with odds of 66 to one,

イムラン･カーン歓喜

India won.

打ちました　４点です

[Bose] In '83 was, for the first time,

観客席は大歓声

Indians at home watch their team win abroad.

１９９９年 Ｗ杯 パキスタン対インド

[crowd cheering]

捕るか？

This is a new India emerging.

捕った！

I mean, the economic prosperity of India came a decade later.

サチン･テンドルカール！

But if you think, that marked the moment when India was confident.

Ｗ杯の経済的価値が高まり―

[crowd cheering]

インドとパキスタンの 影響力で より対等になった

We played like winners.

英国とオーストラリア 主導から よりグローバルに

Throughout the game, throughout the series.

英国内では人気が低下し ―

Everybody fight for their lives,

対策が採られた結果 逆に ―

and they said, "We will do it."

アジアでの人気が 加熱することに

Nineteen eighty-three, that generation began to feel

2000年代初頭 英国のテレビ局が ―

they didn't look to have a merit certificate from England

マーケティングのプロに 問題の解明を依頼

to feel that they were good enough to compete in the world.

とっつきにくい イメージが強かった

India, for the first time, began to show that a country of that size,

解決策は ―

if it has prosperity,

時間の短縮でした

if it has television reach,

オーバーを各チーム20回に 制限すれば 試合は３時間に

it can play an enormous part in reshaping cricket, which it has done.

“クリケットの試合が ３時間以内だったら―”

[Mandvi] Four years later,

“観に行くか？”と聞くと―

India hosted the first World Cup

試合を観に行ったことが ない人でも―

outside of England.

大半が“観に行く”と答えた

[crowd cheering]

この試合形式を “ トゥエンティＴ20”と命名 ―

There's an Indian word called "tamasha,"

クリケット界のトップに 売り込みました

which means fun, excitement, glamour,

大きなデスクを囲んで―

uncertainty all rolled into one.

英国全土から集まった 幹部たちが座った

And one day cricket became instant tamasha.

伝統的なクリケットを 愛する60代白人男は 普通―

[crowd cheering]

変化を望まない

-[whistle blows] -[cheering continues]

投票になり 挙がった手を数えた

[Fry] You just are amazed

11対７で“採用”に 決定したんだ

that something that was started on green turf

翌夏 英国でＴ20がデビュー

at the site of an English church,

場内放送のアナウンサーが―

and, you know, polite applause

“未来へようこそ”と

and, "Well played, good fellow,"

素晴らしかったよ

becomes this screaming religious ceremony.

一方で…

-[crowd roaring] -[announcer 1] Pakistan win the World Cup.

私は 疑いを持って見ている

A magnificiant performance in front of 87,000 people.

派手なのは嫌いでね

Imran Khan is waiting inside.

ニュージーランド オークランド ２００５年 他の国にも 試す機会が訪れます

[crowd cheering]

ここオークランドで 世界初の ―

[announcer 2] McGrath wide on the crease and that goes for four.

Ｔ 20インターナショナル 開幕です

And the crowd loving every minute of it.

ニュージランド対 オーストラリア

[announcer 3] Could be caught...

バカにしてる感じはあった

Is caught.

選手入場です

Sachin Tendulkar celebrates.

マーシャルの髪型は…

[Kimber] Political power then became

まったく 何事でしょう

that the World Cup was worth so much money

皆 ふざけてた

and that India and Pakistan were bringing in so much of that money,

酒以外は なんでもアリだったよ

that the sort of democratization of the game,

なんと まあ！

and it went from being England and Australia running the game

70年代のサイケデリック バンドみたいだな

to a more global thing.

Ｔ 20のＷ杯が始まると ―

[Mandvi] In England, domestic cricket was losing fans,

広告も明言しました Ｔ 20のターゲットは ―

so something was done to save the sport at home,

パーティー･ピープル！

but it would only accelerate the power shift to Asia.

ＩＣＣワールドＴ 20 ９月 11〜 24日

In the early 2000s, a British TV Network

始まるよー！

paid for Stuart Robinson and his marketing team

インドでは不評だった

to research what the problem was.

“ワンデイで十分だ”と

The key word that came out of that was cricket was "inaccessible."

Ｔ20はイギリスの発明だ

It was a sport for the posh.

ヨハネスブルグでのＷ杯は インドはしぶしぶ参加した

[Mandvi] Robertson had an idea:

ムリやりだ

an even shorter form of cricket

代表は若手ばかり それが功を奏した

limited to just 20 overs for each team

若者はベテランと違い Ｔ20を理解してた

that would last three hours.

短期集中戦だとね

[Robertson] And we asked those people

２００７年ワールドＴ 20 インド対オーストラリア

if we introduced a game of cricket that lasted less than three hours,

観客席に放り込みました

would they come to see the game?

インドは決勝で パキスタンに―

And all of those people who were indexed

負けそうだった

as never having come to a cricket match before,

だが 〝決勝の一打〞と―

they massively over indexed in saying,

思ったその時…

"Yes, we would come to that."

上がった　キャッチ！ インドの勝利！

[Mandvi] They called the new format "twenty20,"

ヨハネスブルグの奇跡

"T20" for short,

おかげでインド人は Ｔ20を見直した

and pitched it to the heads of English cricket at Lord's.

Ｔ20はスーパータマシャだと

We were arranged around this enormous table in alphabetical order.

２００８年 インドで Ｔ 20トーナメントが開幕

So it started with Derbyshire, then Durham, Essex,

インディアン･ プレミアリーグ

and it went all the way around to Yorkshire.

インディアン･ プレミアリーグ

You know, the 60-year-old white males

ＩＰＬの市場価値は ２年で倍増

who had loved their traditional cricket, don't particularly like change.

その後10年で ―

Then the vote went up,

独自のブランドを構築

started counting the hands as quickly as I could,

エンタメとアクションを 融合し ―

and we realized that it was 11-seven in favor.

世界の選手が集まるように

[Mandvi] The next summer, T20 made its debut in England.

オーナーには 映画スターも名を連ね ―

The guy on the P.A. system,

宣伝活動も行います

at start of the game, he said,

クリケットと映画は 最高の組み合わせよ

"Welcome to the future of cricket."

インド人はついに気づいた クリケットこそ まさに―

And it was amazing. It was a great statement.

ボリウッド映画だと

[Mandvi] Not everyone agreed.

8番です

I still remain... to be sold on the idea.

シーズン前のドラフトは オークション式

I don't like the razzmatazz that's going to go with it.

各チームは 自分で 応援歌を製作します

[Mandvi] The rest of the world got their opportunity

ボリウッドスターの オーナーも登場

to judge the new format in 2005.

プレミアリーグは―

[announcer] We welcome the world into Eden Park, Auckland, New Zealand,

実にテレビ的な 派手な手法で―

the first ever Twenty20 international in the history of the game.

ダンサーや炎など 見事な演出を取り入れている

New Zealand against Australia.

アメリカの ええと…

It felt a little bit like they weren't taking it very seriously.

カンカンじゃなく…

[announcer] And here they come.

チアリーダーだ

Look at Hamish Marshall in the background.

クリケットが ゴールデンタイム

-[laughter] -Goodness me. What is he on?

毎日放映される

Or a lot like they weren't taking it very seriously.

Ｔ20は本来 観戦客を増やす ために作られたが 今や―

They were all but drinking during the game.

トップ商品だ

And that tells you how serious the game was.

前進あるのみだ スポンサーが投資を望み―