Name: 遺伝子組み換え動物とは？ (What are GM animals?)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T04:57:28.000Z
Duration: 3 min 31 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

Hello, my name is Elizabeth         and I work for

the European Food Safety Authority in the area of

Genetically Modified Organisms, or as we call it in short – GMOs.

EFSA’s role in this area is to provide a scientific risk

assessment and to evaluate the safety of GM products.

Today I would like to talk to you about genetically

modified animals, but before we go into this topic,

let’s back-up a second and see what a GMO is:

and here the European legislation gives us a definition:

A GMO is an organism in which the genetic material

has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally.

So how can a GMO be created? I would like to give you a very simple example.

Let's assume that this is a bacterium with its genetic material,

and this would be the chromosome of another

organism, for example the chromosome of an animal.

Scientists can take a piece of the genetic material

of the bacterium and insert it into the chromosome of this animal.

This would then give rise to a genetically modified animal.

At the moment we have no products from genetically modified animals

on the European market, nor does EFSA have any

applications for the safety evaluation of such products.

But there are several developments worldwide to insert into different types

of farmland animals’ different characteristics  – for example, disease resistance.

I would like to briefly explain to you one example which is quite

advanced in the pipeline, and this  is a genetically modified salmon.

This salmon grows faster than its non-genetically modified counterpart.

If such an application would come to the European Union,

which means that we would use the comparative approach

to compare the GM salmon with its non-GM counterpart

and that means we would ask questions like:

what are the toxic elements? Are there any allergens?

Is this GM salmon as nutritious as its non-GM counterpart?

And based on all these elements, EFSA would then write

a so-called scientific opinion that evaluates the safety of this product.

We would provide this opinion to the policymakers,

to the European Commission, and to the Member States,

and it is then the European Commission and the Member States

that decide whether or not to authorise such a product for the European market.

EFSA itself is neither for nor against GMOs;

our role is to provide a scientific risk assessment on the safety of such products.