Name: How Can Cognitive Science Improve Online Learning?
Uploaded: 2013-03-29T05:09:24.000Z
Duration: 1 h 3 min 27 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

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JOSEPH JAY WILLIAMS: So I just want to mention, my background

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So I'm really interested in doing experiments in terms of

And to get a sense of the way that fits in with the research

landscape, because there's a ton of research on learning

I guess the best concept is thinking in terms of

So these rich investigations that you see from a

Education schools that will take a student and really take

a very close look at what they're learning.

Explore how they're understanding of algebra and

all the difference misconceptions they can have.

Then there's also things that are much more like randomized

You might take a bunch of students in the school and

And then you can see if that actually has an effect

There's longitudinal studies, which, again, are very long

Collecting measures, like people's grades or students'

outcomes as they progress through traditional education.

And of course there's working computer science and

Educational Data Mining, where you take very large data sets

in terms of observations, then try and induce what's going on

As is terms of the way cognitive science fits in with

this, I think it's in between something like a randomized

control trial, longitudinal study and some light

Because most of the experiments we do on a short

And it really involves precisely controlling what

someone's learning in a particular situation and

trying out different forms of instruction and then assessing

And you might think that from such micro experiments you

But I think it's ready well suited for online education,

where often you want to ask questions that intermediate

between again, quality of assessment of what's going on,

and running a full-out randomized control trial where

you give people two different versions of the course.

There are questions about how you should frame instruction,

what kind of video you should show someone, and the kind of

So it just lets you know where it sits in there.

And what's also nice about cognitive science as an

approach is it's pretty interdisciplinary.

In a sense, you've got psychology, which is heavily

Philosophy, in terms of really trying to do good conception

analysis of what problem you're facing and classifying

Linguistics, anthropology, as I mentioned, neuroscience, and

And what's also nice, I think, is that it's also a bit easier

for people in cognitive science perhaps to talk with

the kind of researchers at Google who are interested

often in things like modeling and machine learning.

So to give you a bit of a preview of [INAUDIBLE]

One that I think gives us a lot of rich insights into how

And I'm going to talk about very quickly three finds in

It's thinking about what can you do before someone starts

learning in terms of framing their learning as

What can you do during learning in terms of

requesting explanations from the learner?

A new and interesting finding here is that you can actually

Having people take a test can actually be more powerful for

learning than having them study material again.

And then having looked at some of what we know about how to

promote learning of a concept or some set of knowledge, it's

worth asking, well, what knowledge can we teach someone

that's actually going to have the biggest impact

And that's why I think thinking about this idea of

what do people learn that's going to help them learn more?

So it's not just on this concept but across a range of

And then I'll talk about how you can change people's

beliefs and have a massive effect on their motivation.