Name: なぜ悪い言葉は悪いのか？ (Why Are Bad Words Bad?)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T10:19:34.000Z
Duration: 10 min 46 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

your call may be monitored or recorded", they're not kidding.

Over the last year the Marchex Institute analysed more than 600,000

recorded phone conversations Americans made

Turns out, people from Ohio were the most likely

to use curse words - the 'A' word,  the 'F' word and the 'S' word.

Washington state residents were the least likely to use bad words.

Oh, be careful because etymologically speaking

even the word 'bad' can be considered a bad word.

It began in old English as a derogatory term

for an effeminate man. Eighty percent of swear words overheard

were essentially the same. One third of all counts included

the top two - the 'F' word and the 'S' word.

Slate's brilliant Lexicon Valley podcast purported that

these 10 words makeup about 0.7% of the average

English speakers daily vocabulary, which means

socially unacceptable words are used almost as often

as socially descriptive words. First person plural pronouns account for about

When a bad word is bleeped, it is covered with a 1

kilohertz sine wave, which sounds like this.

By the way, the symbols and squiggles that are used to represent

a bad word have a name. They're called grawlixes.

They were named by Mort Walker in his seminal

"The Lexicon of Comicana."  He names a lot of things but most of

Why the need to hide bad words, especially if we all

pretty much know what's being said? Well, there is no one single reason bad words

Steven Pinker in his excellent lecture on the topic delineates

five types of swearing. First of all, some words are bad

on purpose. They are created and/or used with the intent

to hurt others. He calls this "abusive swearing."

Using words to insult, humiliate, objectify

God, we're talking about supernatural swearing,

which was particularly taboo in Victorian times.

It was believed that casually or vainly referring

to God would physically injure God himself,

literally. So, at the time people were forced to come up with euphemisms,

like "Zounds!" and "Gadzooks!", which  originally meant

referring to the nails driven through the hands of Jesus.

Historically, swear words often came from things we were

afraid of, things we perceived as dangerous,

and sexually transmitted diseases, as well as body fluids,

for those gross things became gross and bad in and of themselves,

socially unacceptable, which brings us to Pinker's

second type of swearing - emphatic swearing.

Emphatic swearing is where the taboo-ness of bad words

becomes quite practical. You wouldn't usually use those words but when you

really want to convey that your current emotions matter more to you than proper

A euphemism is kind, acceptable word that allows you to talk about something

while simultaneously letting everyone know you totally

get that it's unpleasant and want to respect that.

For instance, if you want to be professional, you wouldn't say s***.

You might say 'defecate'. If, on the other hand, you really want to drive home just

the experience was, dysphemisms can help out a lot.

It wasn't a bag of canine defecation you found on your

dog s***. Both of these words refer to pretty much the same thing

but they have different levels of social acceptability and that's

very helpful. It means word choice allows us to not only

refer to things in the real world but also

If both these words had the same level of social acceptance

we might even have to find new, badder words so as not to lose the power

But when it comes to two words referring to the same thing, but

with different levels of social acceptance, who decides which one's

good and which one's bad? Well, historically, many of the bad words we

In medieval England, the lower-class Saxons

spoke a Germanic tongue while the upper-class

Normans spoke a language related to French and Latin.

English, as we know it today, contains many consequences

of their differences.  The lower class worked with animals and

from them we get animal names. The upper class

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なぜ悪い言葉は悪いのか？ (Why Are Bad Words Bad?)

stuff

perceive

gross

term