Welcome back.

So today I want to do an introduction to virtualization and why it's important in the cloud computing infrastructure.

So the first thing that we need to talk about is the bad old days of how we used to have to deal with servers and how the server operating systems used to be married to the hardware.

So back in the old days, you would have a physical machine, you would have a physical server, you would install the operating system onto that physical server.

You would then install things like device drivers.

So that operating system was able to communicate with all the hardware in that server.

You would then install the service.

Is the software all the applications you needed on that server and then you would have the finished box, right.

So if you had an exchange server, you would have the physical server than you would install Windows Server that he would install exchange.

Then you install anti spam software, that kind of thing and all of that became your server.

The issue is, though it was all married together.

And what I mean by that is it.

The CPU fan fails on that physical server.

Your email service is go away, right?

So basically, the CPU fan fails.

If the power supply fails of anything fails on the physical box.

If everything relies on that Juan box and order provide service is for your users.

If any single thing fails on that box, all the service's go away.

Well, honestly, having a CPU fan or power supply fail really isn't the worst thing in the world, right?

Your your server will be down for a little bit, but you can just go out.

Buy a new power supply by new CPU fan.

Screw it in drink.

Cup of coffee screwed in and your users were out of their service is for a little while.

That's not the worst thing in the world.

But what can be one of the worst things in the world is when you have a very old server where the motherboard fails.

So remember so right.

You have the physical surgery of physical motherboards, all of that you wouldn't you install the server operating system onto that physical server.

And then you have the device drivers in everything for the motherboard and for all the other hardware on the system.

Well, the problem is, is basically when you and install an operating system onto that physical hardware.

Normally it kind of glues itself to the hardware again.

There's there's a hardware profiles, there's device drivers.

This there's all this stuff.

So basically, the operating system wants to be on that specific hardware.

Uh, if something happens and you simply pull the hard drive out of the machine and plug it into a new piece of hardware, you can have a lot of major issues because there is not the correct device.

Drivers.

There's a whole lot of their problems I can happen.

So one of the things that I've seen in the real world is you may have a machine that's been running for 10 or 12 or even 13 years, and all of a sudden the motherboard fails.

For whatever reason, you can't replace the motherboard because, you know, nobody has a 13 year old motherboard laying around on.

Then you run into this issue where you have the server operating system you have everything on the hard drive.

But how do you then get that to work on a new physical machine?

It can really, really be a major problem, especially if you run into issues where it let's, say, the old operating system that you're dealing with.

If if the company that maintain that operating system and never built device drivers for new hardware, like things like like new, uh, hard drive controllers, that kind of thing, you can run into a major issue.

I actually ran into this with one of my clients again.

They had a 13 year old machine was a proprietary UNIX system.

It had been working wonderfully for 13 years, 13 years and one day the motherboard failed again.

Okay, whatever the motherboard failed, while a problem we literally ran into is all the hardware was archaic.

There's just no way to find any hardware that was in this machine and then not only that, but it was a proprietary version of UNIX, where the company that had the vendor had that had created that version of UNIX.

They also had actually gone out of business.

And so this wasn't Lennox.

This was units and So we had a real problem with trying to figure out, like how to take the hard drive that we had back in the day, put it into a new piece of hardware and then actually make all of that work.

So when you start thinking about virtualization and virtual machines, here's a nifty need idea.

What if we could make the operating system essentially?

Basically, it's its own file, so you can create.

You can create something called a virtual hard drive or a dot ve a DEA file.

And that file that has everything that has your operating system that has the files as a configurations that has the software that has all the pictures and documents and everything else in this one virtual hard drive.

And then when you could do is you can simply pick up and move that virtual hard drive to any other machine, and you won't run into the same type of hardware issues that you would if the operating system was installed on the physical machine itself.

So basically what we're dealing with when we're dealing with a virtual machines and vocalizations is we installed something called a hyper visor onto the physical machine.

So you have a physical Michigan.

You install a hyper visor on that physical machine and think of a hyper visor basically is like a base level operating system, the lowest level operating system that you need.

And so you put that hyper visor onto that physical machine.

Then you can keep create virtual machines.

You can create virtual servers within that hyper visor, and those virtual servers simply resigned within and their old their own V a v a g d file so that they can then be moved around so I can install a hyper visor on this particular machine.

If this particular machine fails, I can simply take that virtual hard drive.

Just dump it onto a different machine with a hyper visor, and it can be up and running again.

Kind of Think about the hyper visor is a little bit like Java.

So if you ever deal to Java programming language, what happens is you have a base layer of java that you install on a client operate systems.

You have java for maki of Java.

For Lennox, you have a job for windows, so on and so forth, and then basically what you're able to do is you're just able to code above that Java layer.

So Java deals with all all the hardware in the operating system and all that, and then you're able to create your code on top of that.

So you create a one piece of code that can run on Mac.

It can run on Windows.

It can run on Lennox if it has that job a layer installed.

I kind of think about that as the hyper visor.

So you have a hyper visor installed onto your computer.

That hyper visor deals with the hardware deals with all those kind of things, and then your virtual machine can then run in the hyper visor.

And so that's what makes basically virtual ization of virtual servers so valuable and so good began, especially the climate computer environment, because we can now start taking operating systems and you can start moving them around at like a file or folder, just like you would any kind of picture or mover or movie.

Normally, let's take a moment to talk about the hyper visors, so there's two standard types of hyper visors.

There's a type one hyper visor, and there is a type to hyper visor, and then vendors create different products based off of these two different types of hyper visors.

So the first type of hyper visor, the type one hyper visor, is called a bare metal hyper visor.

And what a bear mental hyper visor is is basically, you would install a hyper visor onto the physical server, and that hyper visor is about the lowest level operating system that is required in a new order to run virtual machines on that physical hardware.

So a type one hyper visor is an operating system, but you're not gonna be browsing the Web on it.

You're not gonna be writing documents on it.

You're not gonna be using a calculator on it.

Basically, all that operating system allows you to do is it allows you to run a virtual machines on that physical server, and that is it.

When you do what they type too high provides, or a type to hyper visor is probably something you're a little bit more familiar with products such as a virtual box or parallels or Veum, where fusion, what this is is you already have a full host operating system on your computer.

You have a Windows computer, Mac computer, a Lennox's computer, you a full fledged operating system there.

And then what you do is you install a type to hyper visor on to that operating system, and then you're able to create virtual machines within that type to hyper visor that you have installed s Oh, this could be very useful for people, especially if you're doing things like testing.

So if you're going to be doing, like Web design testing, So let's say you're a Web designer.

You want to see how your website is going to look on different operating systems with different Web browsers with different configurations.

What you can into is you're gonna solve a type to hyper visor onto your computer on.

Then you can have.

You can have Lennox you know, a bun, too, with fire fox, and you can open that in one window, and then you kind of Windows 10 with Google chrome and another window.

And basically you can have a whole bunch of different windows open and these air full flag instances of operating systems that are completely running, but they're running within their own little containers within that type to hyper visor.

So that other explain that let's go over the white board.

I'll explain the type one hyper visors a little bit more.

And then I'll go to the computer just to show you how Virtual Box works to give you an idea of the type to hyper visors.

Now, when you first start dealing with type one hyper visors, they're gonna seem a little bit scary, especially if you don't know what's going on, right?

So if you're gonna go out there and you're gonna download and install something called E s X I So this is VM wears a type on hyper visor.

You're gonna be all excited, right?

So you're gonna install E S X I onto one of your physical machines and then you're gonna be like, Yes, Now I'm gonna learn how to do this whole virtualization thing.

The problem is, is once you've installed E S X I onto that physical machine, all you're going to get is a blinking cursor or something along those lines.

Basically, what you're going to get at this point is something that is not actually that useful to you, right?

And so one of one of problems a lot of new technicians run into is they're so used to the graphical user environment world.

When they wind up with something like a little blinking cursor, they just kind of get a little scared.

They give up, and they want to go home now.

The important thing to understand is, when you're dealing with type one hyper visors is that you're dealing with systems that are supposed to be going into a production environment.

So basically, these hyper visors are just going to simply be installed possibly on one or two machines, But they might be installed on hundreds or possibly even thousands of machines, right?

And because of that, the whole type one hyper visor infrastructure is built in a different way than the type to hyper visor infrastructure.

That's a lot easier, a lot more user friendly.

So when you're dealing with type one, basically what happens is you install the type one hyper visor on to your machines, right, so basically either have one physical machine or you have 20 or 1000 physical machines and sees install the type one hyper visor onto these machines.

Then after that, you use something such as V sphere from VM wear.

And this is the software.

This is the software that actually manages these type one hyper visors.

So you have your little computer.

So you have a Mac computer windows computer.

Whatever else you install, V's fear onto your computer is basically a management console.

You then connect to your E S X I hyper visors.

And from that point, you're then able to start creating and then managing your virtual machines.

So that's one thing that a lot of people get confused about and can run into a lot of problems.

Also, one of the issues that you've run into is again, especially when you're looking at something like type one hyper visors.

Uh, you know, when you look at the price, the price for something like E.

S Xie is free.

So you're sitting there, you're going.

Wow.

Oh, well, okay, well, well, VM where e s x I type one hyper visor.

That's free.

So I'm definitely going to go with the M Where?

But this is where, like that whole pricing licensing thing and all that kind of stuff can screw you up because to be clear, as far as I know.

I think it still is.

Yes, Exile is free.

This type one hyper visor is free.

But guess what?

In order to make this type of these type one hyper visors do anything that you actually want them to.

D'oh!

You need a product called V Sphere.

And these fear has many, many, many different licenses.

I do think one of them is free.

I do believe one version of these here is free, but then the other licenses get very, very, very, very, very expensive.

And so that's one of the issues that you could be running into when you're dealing with the type one hyper visors and you're building out, the infrastructure is you look and go.

Okay, well, this is no problem.

E s excise gonna be free, so I know what my price point is gonna be.

But then you find now these fear is going through.

Then Bill, you you're going to be card for licenses, depending on how many e s X I servers that it's supposed to manage eso back in the day.

It was about $1000 per server.

Well, and the thing is like the sphere gives you a lot of really cool functionality.

You can have things like high availability fail over.

So if you have an instance of a man a server running on one of your hyper visors and that physical machine fails, V sphere then can automatically move your, uh, your virtual machine over to another physical machine.

It can do all this automatic migration.

It can do a lot of cool things, like high availability and all that.

But do you realize you're going to be paying a fee for that?

So that's one of the things you consider when the other things be considering If you're sitting here and you're like, OK, well, let's see, We got the virtual machines here.