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  • Is this real life?

  • Or is it all in your head?

  • This is virtual reality.

  • Or it can be, if youre wearing a headset that lets you enjoy VR.

  • If you haven’t done this already, now’s the time to put on your VR headset.

  • This could be as simple as google cardboard, or as fancy as these little beauties.

  • This is a VR180 video, which means youre going to see all around in a hemisphere.

  • Some things will look close to you, others will look far away.

  • It’s okay if you just use your phone or desktop computer - you can scroll around to

  • see the extra visuals.

  • So what does this mean, to experience virtual reality?

  • With traditional media, youre a spectator.

  • When you watch a movie, you peer into a window where events are taking place.

  • Even when you ARE participating in the action, say - playing a video game - youre never

  • fooled into thinking youre REALLY there.

  • But Virtual Reality makes you actually FEEL like youre in a different place.

  • Youre here with me, rather than where you actually are.

  • We call this VR experience PRESENCE.

  • VR tricks your brain into feeling like youre IN a 3D world,

  • and not just watching a 2D video.

  • It does this by showing a slightly different picture to each eye.

  • By contrast, in traditional media, we show the exact SAME picture to both eyes.

  • This would be how a cyclops sees the world.

  • But with VR, were essentially replicating how we humans see naturally - with TWO eyes.

  • Our eyes are separated a small distance - on average, about 63 mm.

  • That means each eye sees an object from a slightly different angle.

  • Youve probably done this before - hold up your finger.

  • Look at it with just your LEFT eye,

  • now just your RIGHT eye,

  • - LEFT eye -

  • RIGHT eye

  • It looks like your finger is jumping back and forth.

  • Objects that are farther away jump less.

  • We call this PARALLAX.

  • This phenomenon helps us understand depth.

  • We need two eyes seeing slightly different images for depth perception.

  • Your brain also pays careful attention to cues like the relative sizes of things to

  • tell you which is farther away.

  • The farther away, the smaller something appears.

  • We also look for SHADING to get a feel for the depth of an object.

  • Now let’s go deeper.

  • To understand the science of VR, you first have to understand the science of vision.

  • Let’s talk about how our eyes and brain work together.

  • Light comes into your eye through the pupil and is focused by the lens onto the retina

  • in the back of our eye.

  • That’s where we have light-detecting cells - rods and cones.

  • These cells convert light energy into electrical signals.

  • A little bit of processing of the signal happens right in your eye, and then the summed-up

  • signal is sent through your optic nerve coming out of the back of each eye into your brain.

  • Some information crosses over at the optic chiasm.

  • You bundle together info from the outside half of the retina on the same side of the

  • head and from the inside half of the retina on the other side of the head.

  • Next the information is relayed through the optic tracts to a station in the thalamus

  • called the lateral geniculate nucleus.

  • Finally, it reaches the back of your brain, a region called the Occipital Lobe.

  • Now here’s where the two separate streams of information are joined together to form

  • one image.

  • So we start with two different pictures from our two eyes, and our brain integrates them

  • into one image.

  • How can we begin to replicate these events?

  • For starters, what if we could capture what each eye sees?

  • That’s how VR is filmed.

  • We shot this video using a special kind of camera - really, it’s like two cameras,

  • put together.

  • It has two separate lenses, just like how each of your eyes has its own lens.

  • Well explain in more detail about how the cameras work in our video about the Technology

  • of VR.

  • Today, let’s focus on the Science of VR.

  • The experience can be filmed in real life, or it can be completely virtual.

  • The key is that the two images should be separated by around the same distance and angle from

  • each other as if your two EYES were capturing the images.

  • If the lenses are too close together, or too far away from each other, the whole thing

  • falls apart.

  • Next, the two images are stitched together, using software that creates what looks like

  • a distorted image on a single 2D display.

  • But if this single image is viewed through two separate eyepieces, it re-creates the

  • experience of being there, seeing those two slightly different images through your two

  • eyes.

  • Your brain takes care of the rest.

  • As far as your brain knows, you ARE seeing these two separate images and not this manipulated,

  • stitched together creation.

  • This may feel like magic, but it’s not.

  • It’s science.

  • Today weve learned how we use the information from both of our eyes to experience our world

  • in 3 dimensions - but remember, sight is not our only sense.

  • There are other cues your brain uses to understand your environment.

  • For instance, hearing sounds coming from different locations.

  • We talked about how your eyes see slightly different information.

  • The same is true for our two ears.

  • Spatial sound can help sell the VR experience.

  • We also constantly monitor where our body is in space - we call this proprioception.

  • Maybe we need to wear a suit that sends our whole body cues...

  • Stay tuned for more and more immersive experiences in this virtual world.

  • We’d like to thank our friends at VR Scout and the YouTube VR Creator Lab for helping

  • us get started in the world of VR.

  • If youve enjoyed hearing about VR and want to learn more, check out our videos about

  • The Technology of VR and The Math of VR.

  • And let us know what other VR experiences you’d like to see in the comments.

  • Well be right here.

  • Waiting to hear from you.

Is this real life?

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VRの科学-バーチャルリアリティを解説(VR180) (The Science of VR - Virtual Reality Explained (VR180))

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    林宜悉 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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