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  • The books of 1 and 2 Chronicles. While they're two separate books in our

  • Bibles that division is not original. Due to scroll lengths the book was divided

  • in two but it was written as one book with one coherent storyline. Now in our

  • English Bibles, Chronicles comes after the books of Samuel and kings and most

  • of Chronicles is actually repeat content from those books and so most modern

  • readers when they come to Chronicles they think, "Wait a minute, I just read all of this!"

  • and so they skip it, and that's a shame because this book is really unique

  • and important in the Bible. In the traditional Jewish ordering of the Bible,

  • Chronicles is actually the last book, because it summarizes all of the Jewish Scriptures.

  • The first word in the book is Adam, the first character at the beginning of the story,

  • and then the last paragraph announces the return of Israel from exile.

  • Now we don't know, who wrote this book, but we can tell from details within it.

  • It was produced by somebody, who lived a couple hundred years after the

  • Israelites returned from the Babylonian exile. Now for this author, Jerusalem and

  • the temple were rebuilt some time ago, and as we learned for Ezra & Nehemiah,

  • things were not going well.

  • The great prophetic hope was that the city and the temple would be rebuilt,

  • that God would come to live among his people, the Messianic King would come and

  • all the nations would come live under his peaceful rule, and none of that has happened.

  • And so, the author of Chronicles has reshaped these stories of David and Solomon

  • and the Kings of the past in order to provide a message of hope for the future.

  • And we'll see that he's designed this book to emphasize two clear themes:

  • First - the hope of the coming Messianic King

  • and second - the hope for a new temple.

  • Let's just dive in and you'll see these themes all over the book

  • 1 Chronicles begins with nine chapters of genealogies - long list of names,

  • and you'll read these and think that this is kind of boring,

  • and that may be true for you, but actually they're very, very important.

  • The author is summarizing here the whole storyline of the Old Testament

  • by naming all of the key characters in the stories.

  • And as he does so, he shapes the genealogies to emphasize two key lineages.

  • First is a line of the promised Messianic King.

  • So lots of space is dedicated to tracing the line of Judah that led all the way to King David

  • to whom the Messianic promise was given.

  • And then from David the author traces that line up into his own day.

  • The other family line that receives lots of attention here is that of the priesthood,

  • the descendants of Aaron, who of course served in the temple.

  • and so, right from the start, you can see the two main themes.

  • The author's hope of the Messiah coming to build a new temple and it's rooted in these ancient genealogies.

  • Now after that, the author moves into the stories about David,

  • and most of these are going to be familiar to you from the book of Samuel

  • but again there's some really important differences.

  • So first of all the author leaves out all of the negative stories about David,

  • where he's portrayed as weak or immoral,

  • so Saul chasing David around the desert and persecuting him,

  • the story of David's adultery with Bathsheba and then murdering her husband,

  • all of that is gone, and what's left are the stories that portray David as a good guy.

  • And not only that. There's also new additional material that you won't find

  • in the book of Samuel, that shows David in a very positive light,

  • so there's a large block of chapters, where David makes preparations for the temple.

  • He arranged his resources and builders and Levites and choirs.

  • And not only that. The author also portrays David as a Moses like figure.

  • God gives David plans for building the Temple,

  • just as he gave plans to Moses for building the tabernacle.

  • So why all this new material about David?

  • The author's not trying to hide David's flaws.

  • He knows that anybody can go read about them in the book of Samuel.

  • Rather, he's trying to portray David as the ideal king in order to make him an image or a type

  • of the future Messiah from the line of David. It's very similar to how

  • Jeremiah or Ezekiel spoke of the coming Messiah as a new David.

  • This is most clear and how the author retells the story of God's covenant promise to David

  • in 1 Chronicles 17. When you compare the story with its parallel, in 2 Samuel 7,

  • You'll see that the author of Chronicles is highlighting that neither David nor Solomon,

  • nor any of the Kings from his line were the Messianic King,

  • and that when the Messiah does come, He will be a king like David.

  • And so for this author, these stories about David from the past

  • are what sustained his hope for the future.

  • After David dies, we move into 2 Chronicles, which focuses on the kings that lived in Jerusalem.

  • And again, there's lots of overlap with 1 and 2 Kings, but there are many key differences.

  • So the author has left out all of the stories about the kings of northern Israel,

  • so he can just focus on the line of David. And there's lots of new

  • material about these kings from David's line. He highlights the kings that were

  • obedient to God and he adds new stories about how their obedience led to success in God's blessing.

  • But he also adds new stories about kings who were unfaithful to God.

  • They didn't follow the Torah, they led Israel to worship idols,

  • and these kings face horrible consequences, all leading up to Israel's exile,

  • a mess of their own making.

  • And so, this whole section becomes a series of character studies,

  • where the author wants later generations of Israelites to learn from their family history,

  • and so become faithful to their God and the Torah.

  • Now the book's conclusion is really unique, too. At the very end of the book,

  • the king of the Persians, his name's Cyrus, and he tells the Israelites that

  • they can go back home, return from exile, rebuild the city and the temple.

  • And he says (last line of the book) :

  • "... whoever there is among you, of all his people, may the Lord his God be with him and let him go up..."

  • and that's how the book ends, with an incomplete sentence!

  • Now of course, the author knows about the first return from exile and

  • the stories of Ezra and Nehemiah, but clearly in his view, the prophetic hopes of Israel

  • were not fulfilled in those events. And so, this incomplete ending shows that

  • the author's hope is set on yet another return from exile,

  • when the Messiah will finally come to rebuild the temple and restore God's people.

  • And so, the Book of Chronicles, the final book of the Jewish Scriptures, it ends by pointing forward.

  • It calls God's people to look back in order to look ahead,

  • because the past has become the source of hope for the future.

  • So, Chronicles concludes the Old Testament as a story in search of an ending,

  • and that's what this book is all about.

The books of 1 and 2 Chronicles. While they're two separate books in our

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聖典年代記を読む (Read Scripture Chronicles)

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    sophia に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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