Name: 人工知能の台頭｜オフブック｜PBSデジタルスタジオ (The Rise of Artificial Intelligence | Off Book | PBS Digital Studios)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T05:49:28.000Z
Duration: 8 min 44 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

GARY MARCUS: I would define artificial intelligence

as trying to build machines to do the general kind of things

is doing intelligent tasks, some of which require a robot,

is to have machines that are as capable and flexible as humans

and which have been very difficult to get computers

The main examples are vision, natural language,

understanding, and speaking, and manipulating

And so artificial intelligence is the attempt

to get computers to do those kinds of things.

Google Translate is an impressive advance

And you feed a handwritten check into ATM these days,

and it reads out the amount of the check.

The recommender systems that you see on Amazon,

and YouTube, and so on are IA systems of a sort.

but depending on how broadly you define the term,

an AI system which will be equal to people in all respects.

That is to say, it can do all of the things that people can do,

and plus presumably, it has consciousness in some sense.

But what we haven't managed to get computers to do

is to know what they need to know about the real world.

YANN LECUN: Intelligence is the ability to interpret the world

The way humans do it, of course, is particularly complicated,

because the human brain is one of the most complex objects

and has lots of variabilities that we cannot capture through

So it's going to be extremely, extremely difficult

In the '80s, the idea was to write down rules,

and if we write down enough rules that describe the world,

that that doesn't work very well, because it's

People aren't going to spend their life doing it.

So if we want to build really intelligent machines,

it has to build itself from observing the world.

And this is the way animals become intelligent,

or humans becomes intelligent, by learning.

There is this idea that somehow, the brain builds itself

So one question that some of us are after in AI

is, is there sort of an underlying simple algorithm

that the neocortex uses that we could perhaps

reproduce in machines to build intelligent machines.

The comparison would be like, between a bird and an airplane.

based on the same principle for flight as a bird.

what is the equivalent of aerodynamics for intelligence?

will make a machine intelligent, and maybe

So, learning is probably the most essential characteristic

to artificial intelligence, and that would

scan that brain in fine detail exactly which kind of cell is

where, and what kind of chemical concentrations are there.

When you've got enough good models of how

each cell works, and you've got a scan of an entire brain,

then you could be ready to make an emulation

This route seems almost surely to produce consciousness,

In that approach, we humans have more of a direct legacy.