PBS News Weekend full episode, November 12, 2022（PBS News Weekend full episode, November 12, 2022）

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♪
>> GOOD EVENING. I'M GEOFF
BENNETT. TONIGHT ON PBS NEWS
WEEKEND WE INCHED CLOSER TO WHO
CONTROLS THE HOUSE AND THE
SENATE.
AHEAD OF NEXT WEEK'S WORLD
CUP CONCERN OVER HUMAN
RIGHTS ISSUES IN THE HOST
COUNTRY QATAR.
AND SNEAKER SCHOOL, PROGRAM
TEACHING COLLEGE STUDENT
HOW TO MAKE THE FACTIONAL SHOES
-- THE FASHIONABLE SHOES.
>> THE DESIGN MAKES THE USER
EXPERIENCE BETTER.
SO, THAT IS WHAT WE TRY TO
PREACH HERE.
GEOFF: ALL THAT AND THE DAY'S
HEADLINE ON TONIGHT'S "PBS NEWS
WEEKEND."
♪
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WEEKEND" HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY --
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♪
THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE
BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC
BROADCASTING.
AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS
STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU.
THANK YOU.
GEOFF: GOOD EVENING. IT IS GOOD
TO BE WITH YOU.
WE STARTED IN ARIZONA WERE
DEMOCRATS HAVE HELD ONTO A
CRITICAL SEAT INCHING CLOSER TO
KEEPING CONTROL OF THE U.S.
SENATE.
SENATOR MARK KELLY HAS DEFEATED
REPUBLICAN CHALLENGER LIKE
MASTERS AND WITH HIS WIN
DEMOCRATS ONLY NEED ONE MORE
SEAT TO HOLD THE SENATE.
REPUBLICANS WILL NEED TO GET THE
FINAL TWO SEATS IN GEORGIA AND
NEVADA TO CONTROL THE MAJORITY
ARE THE SENATE RACE IN NEVADA
HAS TIGHTENED TO WITHIN 900
VOTES WITH THE REPUBLICAN
HOLDING A NARROW LEAD BUT THE
TRENDS IN THE BALLOT COUNTING
FAVOR THE DEMOCRAT CATHERINE
CORTEZ MASTO.
CLARK COUNTY SHERIFF JOE
LOMBARDO WHO WAS ENDORSED BY
FORMER PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP
HAS DEFEATED DEMOCRATIC GOVERNOR
STEVE SISOLAK.
IN ARIZONA, DEMOCRAT ADRIAN
FONTES WILL BE THE NEXT
SECRETARY OF STATE AFTER
DEFEATING MARK BISHOP, ANOTHER
TRUMP ENDORSED CANDIDATE AND
ELECTION DENIER.
IN THE U.S. HOUSE, REPUBLICANS
UP HERE POISED TO WIN CONTROL OF
THE LOWER CHAMBER BUT ONLY
NARROWLY.
AND IN THE DAYS OTHER HEADLINES,
FORMER PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP IS
SUING THE JANUARY 6 COMMITTEE TO
AVOID COOPERATED WITH A SUBPOENA
FORCING HIM TO TESTIFY NEXT
WEEK.
THE LAWSUIT LIKELY DOOMS THE
PROSPECT OF TRUMP EVER
TESTIFYING SINCE IT ENSURES A
LENGTHY LEGAL BATTLE THAT WOULD
LAST BEYOND THE COMMITTEE'S LIFE
SPENT THE MOVE COMES DAYS BEFORE
MR. TRUMP IS EXPECTED TO
FORMALLY LAUNCH HIS THIRD
CAMPAIGN FOR PRESIDENT.
IN UKRAINE, DELIBERATIVE CITY OF
KHERSON CONTINUE TO CELEBRATE
THE WITHDRAWAL OF RUSSIAN
TROOPS.
ELECTRICITY HAS BEEN RESTORED.
AND POLICE PROTECTION AS WELL AS
TV AND RADIO BROADCASTS ARE
RESUMED.
OVERJOYED RESIDENTS WELCOMED
UKRAINIAN SOLDIERS WHILE POLICE
TEAMS WORKED TO NEUTRALIZE
EXPLOSIVES AND DOCUMENT WAR
CRIMES.
ALL PART OF AN EFFORT TO MAKE
THE CITY LIVABLE AFTER MONTHS OF
OCCUPATION.
STILL, MUCH OF THE SURROUNDING
REGION REMAINS UNDER RUSSIAN
CONTROL.
AND STILL TO COME ON "PBS NEWS
WEEKEND" HOW HUMAN RIGHTS
CONCERNS ARE AFFECTING THE
UPCOMING WORLD CUP IN QATAR.
WILL THE FATE OF THE RAPIDLY
DISAPPEARING AMAZON RAIN FOREST
APPROVED WITH A NEW LEADER --
IMPROVE WITH A NEW LEADER IN
BRAZIL?
>> THIS IS "PBS NEWS WEEKEND".
FROM WETA STUDIOS IN WASHINGTON
HOME OF THE PBS WEEKNIGHTS ON
PBS.
GEOFF: THIS WEEK'S MIDTERM
ELECTION SAW A HANDFUL OF
HISTORIC FIRSTS.
NEW YORK, MASSACHUSETTS AND
ARKANSAS EACH ELECTED THERE
FIRST FEMALE GOVERNORS.
WHILE MASSACHUSETTS AND OREGON
BOTH SAW THE FIRST OPENLY
LESBIAN GOVERNORS ELECTED IN
HISTORY.
IN MARYLAND WES MOORE BECAME THE
FIRST BLACK GOVERNOR EVERS IN
THAT STATE AND IN NEW HAMPSHIRE
THE FIRST TRANS MAN WAS ELECTED
TO THE STATE LEGISLATURE.
THE FIRST MEMBER OF GENERATION Z
EVER ELECTED TO CONGRESS WON HIS
ELECTION ON TUESDAY IN
FLORIDA'S 10TH CONGRESSIONAL
DISTRICT.
MAXWELL FROST, A 25-YEAR-OLD
DEMOCRAT JOINS US NOW.
THANKS FOR BEING WITH US.
>> THANKS SO MUCH FOR HAVING ME.
GEOFF: WHAT DO YOU SEE AS THE
SIGNIFICANCE OF YOUR WIN?
THE AVERAGE AGE OF A HOUSE
MEMBER IS 58.
YOU ARE 25.
WHAT DOES THAT MEAN, BIG
PICTURE?
>> WELL, YOU KNOW, I DID NOT
DECIDE TO RUN TO BE THE FIRST
GENZ MEMBER OF CONGRESS, I
DECIDED TO REPRESENT CENTRAL
FLORIDA WE ARE LIVING IN AN
INCREASE IN WE DIVIDED TIME
RIGHT NOW.
AND WE HAVE THIS FAR RIGHT
MOVEMENT THAT HAS BEEN REALLY ON
THE RISE IN FLORIDA.
HOWEVER, WE KNOW THAT
MILLENNIALS MAKEUP A THIRD OF
THE COUNTRY.
WE DO NOT REPRESENT ANYWHERE
NEAR A THIRD OF GOVERNMENT.
LOOK, I AM NOT ONE OF THESE
PEOPLE THAT SAY WE NEED TO TAKE
OUT OLD FOLKS AND JUST HAVE
YOUNG PEOPLE, NEEDS TO BE
DIVERSE, IN AGE, RACE, GENDER
AND ECONOMIC STATUS AND
EXPERIENCE AND THIS IS PART OF
THAT.
GEOFF: ON THAT POINT, RUNNING
FOR OFFICE AS YOU WELL KNOW, IT
IS A COMMITMENT, SACRIFICE.
AT NIGHT YOU DROVE FOR UBER SIN
CE YOU WEREN'T MAKING MONEY AS A
CANDIDATE AND THAT REALITY RULES
OUT ENTIRE CLASSES OF PEOPLE WHO
MIGHT WANT TO RUN FOR OFFICE BUT
JUST CANNOT MAKE IT WORK, CAN'T
AFFORD TO DO IT.
>> WHAT IT REALLY SHOWCASED FOR
ME WAS THE FACT THAT IS AN
INACCESSIBLE THING TO RUN IN THE
FIRST PLACE.
LIKE YOU MENTIONED, I HAD TO
START DRIVING UBER THREE MONTHS
INTO MY ELECTION TO PAY FOR MY
FOOD AND MY BILLS.
I'LL TELL YOU THIS, THERE WERE
SOME PRETTY LOW POINTS,
ESPECIALLY FOR ME FINANCIALLY
DURING THIS CAMPAIGN.
I WOULD SAY IN JANUARY OR
FEBRUARY I HAD KIDS PEOPLE
DEPENDING ON ME FINANCIALLY, I
WOULD HAD TO DROP OUT OF THE
RACE.
THERE ARE A LOT OF BOLD IDEAS ON
HOW TO MAKE THIS MORE
ACCESSIBLE.
PUBLIC REFUNDED ELECTIONS IS
SOMETHING THAT SHOULD BE LOOKED
AT AS THE NORTHSTAR BECAUSE WE
HAVE TO GIVE OUR CANDIDATES --
TO SPEND AS MUCH TIME WITH THE
CONSTITUENTS AS POSSIBLE BECAUSE
WE NEED MORE WORKING-CLASS
FAMILIES REPRESENTED IN CONGRESS
AND ACROSS THE COUNTRY LOCAL AND
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS.
GEOFF: YOUR DECISION TO RUN WAS
DRIVEN IN PART BY THE ISSUE OF
GUNS, GUN CONTROL.
TELL ME MORE ABOUT THAT.
>> I GOT INVOLVED IN THIS FIGHT
IN POLITICS 10 YEARS AGO AFTER
THE MASS SHOOTING AND SANDY
HOOK.
I'M A BAND NERD.
I WENT TO AN ARTS HIGH SCHOOL,
AND MIDDLE SCHOOL, I JUST BEEN
CONCERT, I PLAY DRUMS.
MY BEST FRIENDS AND I WOULD GO
ACROSS TO -- THE STREET TO
THE RESTAURANT WE WERE THERE
EATING BEFORE SHOWING THERE WAS
A SILENCE ACROSS THE ENTIRE
RESTAURANT.
WE LOOKED AROUND AND WE FINALLY
LOOKED AT THE TELEVISION SCREENS
AND WE SAW SOMEBODY WALKED INTO
AN ELEMENT TREE SCHOOL IN
NEWTOWN, CONNECTICUT, MURDERED
20 CHILDREN AND SIX TEACHERS.
IT HAD A HUGE IMPACT.
I COULD NOT STOP THINKING ABOUT
IT.
I COULD NOT PLAY AT THE SHOW
THAT NIGHT.
I ENDED UP GOING TO D.C. FOR THE
MEMORIAL IT HAD MY CALL TO
ACTION AFTER SITTING ACROSS FROM
MATTHEW SOTO.
HE LOST HIS SISTER VICKY IN THE
SHOOTING AND SEEING A
16-YEAR-OLD WITH THE DEMEANOR OF
A 60-YEAR-OLD, HIS SISTER WAS
MURDERED FOR GOING TO SCHOOL
THAT MORNING CHANGED MY LIFE
FOREVER.
I DEDICATED REST MY LIFE TO
FIGHTING FOR A WORLD WHERE
NOBODY HAD TO FEEL THAT PAIN
THAT I SAW IN MATTHEWS EYES.
TEN YEARS LATER THERE IS A LOT
OF WORK THAT NEEDS TO BE DONE.
GEOFF: WHAT ISSUES DO YOU
INTENT TO FOCUS ON?
>> THE ECONOMY IS TOP OF MIND
AND A SPECIAL -- AND ESPECIALLY
FOR THE HOUSING, HUGE CRISIS IN
CENTRAL FLORIDA PEOPLE ARE BEING
PUSHED OUT OF THEIR CITY.
THERE ARE THINGS THE GOVERNMENT
CAN DO TO ALLOCATE FUNDS TO
BUILD AFFORDABLE HOUSING, TO
ENSURE COUNTYWIDE GOVERNMENTS
HAVE THE RESOURCES THEY NEED TO
HELP PEOPLE FIND A PLACE TO
LIVE.
OTHER THINGS ARE ENSURING WE ARE
BRINGING UP WAGES, ENSURING
EVERYONE OF OUR PEOPLE HAVE
HEALTH CARE.
THERE IS A LOT OF WORK WE HAVE
TO DO, BUT AT THE END OF THE
DAY, I WANT PEOPLE TO HAVE THE
RESOURCES THEY NEED TO TAP INTO
THE GREAT OPPORTUNITY THIS
COUNTRY HAS, BECAUSE THE
OPPORTUNITY IS THERE BUT WE --
WHAT WE FORGET IS YOU NEED
RESOURCES JUST -- TO
TAP INTO IT.
I THINK A COUNTRY WHERE WE HAVE
SO MUCH WE CAN DO THAT PICK
GEOFF: MAXWELL FROST OF FLORIDA,
THANKS SO MUCH FOR BEING WITH
US.
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR HAVING
ME.
GEOFF: EVERY FOUR YEARS FIFA,
THE GLOBAL SOCCER ORGANIZATION,
HOLDS THE LARGEST MEN'S
TOURNAMENT, THE WORLD CUP.
IN 2010, THEY ANNOUNCED THAT
QATAR WOULD HOST THIS YEAR'S
GAME STRAIGHT SINCE THEN QATAR
HAS COME UNDER SCREEN FOR
TREATMENT OF MIGRANT WORKERS.
WITH THE TOURNAMENTS KICK OFF
DAYS AWAY, THOSE CONCERNS ARE
ONCE AGAIN IN THE SPOTLIGHT.
>> AS QATAR PREPARES FOR MORE
THAN ONE MILLION WORLD CUP
VISITORS, FOOTBALL FANS AND
ACTIVISTS WORRY ABOUT THE HOST
NATION'S HUMAN RIGHTS RECORD AND
THAT SOME PEOPLE MIGHT NOT BE
WELCOMED AT THE TERMAN.
-- AT THE TOURNAMENT.
WOMEN MUST REQUEST PERMISSION
FROM MALE GUARDIANS TO TRAVEL OR
MERIT, FREEDOM OF SPEECH IS
RESTRICTED, MIGRANT WORKERS ARE
AT THE MERCER -- THE MERCY
OF THEIR EMPLOYEES TO LEAVE THE
COUNTRY AND SAME SEX ACTIVITY IS
CRIMINALIZED.
DESPITE CRITICISM, QATAR'S WORLD
CUP AMBASSADOR AND FORMER
FOOTBALLER DEFENDED THE NATION'S
POSITION THAT LGBTQ ACTIVITY IS
FORBIDDEN.
>> BECAUSE IT DAMAGE IS THE
MIND.
>> EVEN THE FORMER FIFA
PRESIDENT WHO ANNOUNCED QATAR'S
WIN IN 2010 SAID THAT DOING SO
WAS A MISTAKE.
IN PART BECAUSE OF QATAR'S
TREATMENT OF MIGRANT WORKERS.
THEY MAKE UP 90% OF THE
WORKFORCE, RECEIVE MEAGER
SALARIES, AND OFTEN LIVE IN
UNSAFE CONDITIONS.
HE SAYS FIFA HAS SINCE ADDED
HUMAN RIGHTS AND " SOCIAL
CONSIDERATIONS" TO CRITERIA WHEN
PICKING HOST COUNTRIES.
FOR THEIR PART FIFA AND QATAR
HAS SAID THE GAMES ARE OPEN TO
ALL.
>> EVERYONE WILL BE WELCOMED TO
THE TOURNAMENT.
REGARDLESS OF THEIR ORIGIN,
BACKGROUND, RELIGION, GENDER,
SEXUAL ORIENTATION OR
NATIONALITY.
>> I REALLY SPOKE TO MICHAEL
PAGE WITH HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH
ABOUT HIS AND OTHER GROUPS
CONCERNS.
THANKS SO MUCH FOR JOINING US.
YOUR GROUP RECENTLY PUT OUT A
REPORT NOTING THAT QATARI
SECURITY FORCES ARRESTED A
NUMBER OF LGBTQ PLUS PEOPLE AS
RECENTLY AS SEPTEMBER.
SO, WHAT DOES THAT SAY ABOUT
YOUR CONCERNS FOR THE TREATMENT
OF LGBTQ PLUS PEOPLE IF THEY
COME TO QATAR FOR THE GAMES?
>> IT PUTS THE FUNDAMENTAL
QUESTION, ALL OF THESE CLAIMS
FROM FIFA AND QATARI AUTHORITIES
OF WILL FANS BE SAFE WHO ARE
LGBTQ PEOPLE?
IT IS A REAL CONCERN BECAUSE
THERE HAVE BEEN PROMISES OVER
AND OVER AGAIN BY FIFA AND QATAR
THAT THEY HAVE FAILED TO MEET.
I THINK IT HIGHLIGHTS A LARGER
CONCERN, WHICH IS WHY WAS QATAR
AWARDED THE GAMES IN THE FIRST
PLACE WHEN THESE FUNDAMENTAL
PROBLEMS AROUND HUMAN RIGHTS
WERE WELL KNOWN?
AND THERE HAS BEEN NOTHING, FOR
INSTANCE, THAT HAS BEEN DONE
AROUND REMOVING THESE
DISCRIMINATORY LAWS THAT EXIST
IN QATAR, WHICH INCLUDE
INDIVIDUALS WHO FOUND TO HAVE
SAME SEX RELATIONS COULD FACE
SEVEN YEARS IN PRISON.
>> AND IF QATAR IS ACTING THIS
WAY NOW, HOW OPTIMISTIC ARE YOU
THAT THEIR BEHAVIOR WILL CHANGE
OVER THE LONG-TERM, WHEN THE
EYES OF THE WORLD HAVE MOVED ON?
>> I THINK IT IS CONCERNING THAT
QATARI AUTHORITIES AND FIFA HAVE
REFUSED SO FAR TO EVEN BACK A
CONCEPT OF A COMPENSATION FUND
FOR THE SERIOUS ABUSES THAT
MIGRANT WORKERS HAVE FACED
BUILDING THE WORLD CUP
INFRASTRUCTURE.
SO, IF THESE TYPE OF COMMITMENTS
CANNOT BE MADE AHEAD OF THE
WORLD CUP, I THINK IT IS REALLY
CONCERNING FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
ORGANIZATIONS OF - OVER WHAT IS
GOING TO HAPPEN AFTER THE FACT.
>> LET'S TALK ABOUT WHAT MORE
YOU WOULD LIKE TO SEE QATAR DO,
BECAUSE THE GUARDIAN NEWSPAPER
REPORTED THAT 6000 MIGRANT
WORKERS DIED IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE
GAMES SINCE QATAR WON THE
BIDDING.
SO, WHAT MORE DOES THIS COUNTRY
NEED TO DO?
>> IN THE PAST SEVERAL YEARS,
QATARI AUTHORITIES HAVE MADE
SOME IMPORTANT REFORMS.
AROUND, FOR INSTANCE, THE
ABILITY FOR MIGRANT WORKERS TO
CHANGE THEIR JOBS, FOR THEM TO
LEAVE THE COUNTRY, AND THEY'VE
ALSO PUT IN SOME MECHANISMS TO
COMPENSATE WORKERS WHO FACED
WAGE ABUSES, BUT IN THE PAST TWO
YEARS, THE MINISTRY OF LABOR HAS
TOLD HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH THAT
THEY'VE COMPENSATED SOMETHING
AROUND $164 MILLION IN WAGE
ABUSES TO MIGRANT WORKERS WHO
FACED THESE ABUSES.
THAT IS A POSITIVE THING.
HOWEVER, THAT'S ONLY IN THE PAST
FEW YEARS.
WHAT IF THE ACTUAL FIGURE, NOT
ONLY OF WAGE ABUSES BUT OTHER
ABUSES WHEN NONE OF THESE
REFORMS WERE IN PLACE SINCE
2010?
>> WHAT ABOUT THE RESPONSIBILITY
OF SOME OF THE TEAMS GOING TO
THE WORLD CUP.
SOME FROM THE U.K. AND UNITED
STATES HAVE SAID THIS IS AN
IMPORTANT OPPORTUNITY TO
SATELLITE ON -- SHED LIGHT
ON SOME OF THE ABUSES.
WHAT DO YOU MAKE OF THAT
DEFENSE?
>> I THINK THERE IS A REAL ROLE
FOR FOOTBALL TEAMS TO PLAY IN
TERMS OF DEMANDING THAT FIFA AND
QATAR RESPECT HUMAN RIGHTS AND
THEY ADDRESS THESE SERIOUS
ISSUES.
AT THE END OF THE DAY, THEY DID
NOT CHOOSE FOR THIS WORLD CUP TO
BE HELD IN QATAR.
IT WAS FIFA WHO HAD THE
RESPONSIBILITIES TO DO DUE
DILIGENCE AROUND HOSTING A
TOURNAMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS AND
HE ABSENT THAT -- THEY ABSOLUTE
FAILED.
WHAT WE CAN'T -- IS ESCAPE OUR
CONNECTIONS TO MIGRANT WORKERS.
>> THE WHITE HOUSE SAYS IT WILL
SEND A DELEGATION TO THESE
GAMES.
HERE'S WHAT PRESS SECRETARY
KARINE JEAN-PIERRE HAD TO SAY
THE OTHER DAY.
>> THIS IS AN IMPORTANT EVENT
AND WE WILL BE CHEERING ON THE
TEAM, TEAM USA.
IT IS NOT AN UNUSUAL THING FOR
US TO DO.
WHEN THERE IS AN EVENT LIKE
THIS.
>> WHAT DO YOU MAKE OF THAT?
>> IT'S REALLY NOT WHAT IS
NEEDED, IT IS NOT SUFFICIENT.
THE ISSUE IS WE WANT THE U.S.
GOVERNMENT THAT REGULARLY SAYS
THEY SUPPORT LABOR RIGHTS, THEY
SUPPORT WORKERS RIGHTS, TO TAKE
A BETTER PUBLIC POSITION OR ANY
PUBLIC POSITION ON HUMAN RIGHTS
IN QATAR, THEIR ALLY.
AND THAT WOULD INCLUDE DEMANDING
THAT THEY SUPPORT AND COMPENSATE
MIGRANT WORKERS WHO FACED
SERIOUS ABUSES SINCE THEY WILL
BE PART OF THIS OFFICIAL
DELEGATION FOR JOINING THE FIFA
WORLD CUP.
>> MICHAEL PAGE, THANK YOU SO
MUCH FOR YOUR TIME.
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH.
GEOFF: THE FATE OF THE AMAZON
RAIN FOREST IS A NEW HANDS AFTER
BRAZIL'S CLOSEST ELECTION IN
DECADES.
PRESIDENT-ELECT LULA DA SILVA
MADE FIGHTING THE CLIMATE CRISIS
AND PROTECTING THE AMAZON A
CORNERSTONE OF HIS CAMPAIGN.
DEFORESTATION ACCELERATED UNDER
CURRENT PRESIDENT BOLSONARO.
IN THE FIRST HALF OF 2022, THE
AMAZON LOST AN AREA FIVE TIMES
THE SIZE OF NEW YORK CITY.
JOINING US NOW TO TALK MORE
ABOUT THE FUTURE OF THE WORLD'S
LARGEST REINFORCE IS MICHAEL
MAN, PRESIDENTIAL DISTINGUISHED
PROFESSOR AND DIRECTOR OF THE
CENTER FOR SCIENCE,
SUSTAINABILITY, AND THE MEDIA AT
THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA.
EHS''ALSO THE AUTHOR OF THE NEW
CLIMATE WARS.
>> IT IS GREAT TO BE WITH YOU.
GEOFF: OVER THE PAST 50 YEARS
THE AMAZON HAS LOST ABOUT 17% OF
ITS TOTAL FORREST.
HELP US UNDERSTAND WHY THE
WORLD'S LARGEST RAIN FOREST IS
IMPORTANT TO THE GLOBAL
ECOSYSTEM.
>> IT IS IMPORTANT IN LOTS OF
WAYS.
OBVIOUSLY THE AMAZON AS A SOURCE
OF EXTENSIVE BIO DIVERSITY,
MANY OF THE MEDICINES WE'VE
DEVELOPED IN RECENT TIMES HAVE
COME, FOR EXAMPLE, FROM PLANTS
THAT GROW IN THAT UNIQUE
ENVIRONMENT.
BUT, WHEN IT COMES TO THE
CLIMATE CRISIS,THE AMAZON IS
ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT CARBON
SINKS ON THE PLANET.
IT SUCKS CARBON OUT OF THE
ATMOSPHERE AND IT BURIES IT
BENEATH THE GROUND IN ITS ROOT
SYSTEMS AND IN THE LEAF LITTER.
SO IT IS VERY -- IT'S A VERY
IMPORTANT WAY THAT THE EARTH
SYSTEM HAS TO MODERATE THE
CONCENTRATION OF CO2, OF CARBON
DIOXIDE.
AND WHEN WE DESTROY RAIN
FORESTS, WHEN WE D FOREST, WHEN
WE BURN WOOD, WHEN WE CLEAR IT,
THAT PUTS CARBON BACK INTO THE
ATMOSPHERE.
SO, THERE HAVE BEEN SOME
ESTIMATES THAT IF WE CONTINUE ON
THE COURSE THAT WE HAVE BEEN ON
IN RECENT DECADES, THEN THE
AMAZON RAIN FOREST WILL GO FROM
BEING A VERY IMPORTANT CARBON
SINK, THAT IS TAKING CARBON
OUT OF THE ATMOSPHERE, IT WILL
BECOME A SOURCE, ADDING TO THE
NET CARBON POLLUTION.
SO, IT'S CRITICAL THAT WE
REVERSE COURSE AND STOP THE
CONTINUED DESTRUCTION OF THIS
VERY IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF THE
EARTH SYSTEM.
>> THAT HIS ENTITY BECAUSE
BRAZIL HAD BEEN A MODEL FOR
CONSERVATION, PROTECTING
INDIGENOUS LANDS, CRACKING DOWN
ON ILLEGAL LOGGING AND
MONITORING FOREST LOST.
THAT WAS ROLLED BACK UNDER
BOLSONARO, HE WAS A CHEERLEADER
FOR THE EXPLOITATION OF THE
AMAZON.
WHAT ARE SOME MEASURES YOU
BELIEVE WOULD HELP RESTORE THE
AMAZON RAIN FOREST?
>> YEAH, I'M ENCOURAGED BY MUCH
OF WHAT DA SILVA HAS SAID.
I'M ENCOURAGED BY THE BRAZILIAN
ELECTORATE, THE PEOPLE DEMANDED
A BETTER ENVIRONMENTAL
STEWARDSHIP AND CLIMATE ACTION.
SOMEBODY WHO WILL TAKE THEM ON A
DIFFERENT COURSE.
WHAT THAT DIFFERENT COURSE WILL
LOOK LIKE IS PROTECTING THESE
RAIN -- FORESTS, NOT
CONTINUING TO ALLOW THEM TO BE
DESTROYED FOR FARMING OR
MINING OR OTHER COMMERCIAL
PURPOSES.
SO WE CAN STILL ENSURE THAT THE
AMAZON REMAINS A CARBON SINK,
AND IT HELPS US WHEN IT COMES TO
THE CLIMATE CRISIS.
BUT THAT WILL ONLY BE TRUE IF WE
ACT QUICKLY, IF WE REVERSE THOSE
PREVIOUS POLICIES.
GEOFF: AS YOU KNOW COP 27, THE
U.N. CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE,
IS UNDER WIPE HER THINKING
GLOBALLY, HOW IMPORTANT IS THE
RESTORATION OF THE AMAZON TO
REACHING OUR OVERALL CLIMATE
CHANGE GOALS?
>> IT IS CRITICAL.
AND IT SORT OF RELATES TO A
LARGER PROBLEM, WHICH IS THE
INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES OF THE
WORLD, THE UNITED STATES AS THE
WORLD'S LARGEST CUMULATIVELY
CARBON POLLUTER, WE NEED TO MAKE
SURE THE DEVELOPING WORLD, AND
THAT INCLUDES COUNTRIES IN SOUTH
AMERICA, COUNTRIES IN AFRICA,
INDONESIA, WE NEED TO MAKE SURE
THAT THESE COUNTRIES DON'T MAKE
THE SAME MISTAKE THAT WE MADE,
MASSIVE DEFORESTATION.
AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOSSIL
FUEL ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE.
WE GOT TO MAKE SURE THEY DO NOT
MAKE THE MISTAKES WE MADE,
BECAUSE WE CANNOT AFFORD FOR
THEM TO DO THAT.
OR WE WILL BLOW PAST THOSE
TARGETS WE TALK ABOUT FOR
KEEPING WARMING BELOW
CATASTROPHIC LEVELS.
AND TO DO THAT, WE HAVE TO
PROVIDE INCENTIVES AND THIS HAS
BEEN ONE OF THE PROBLEMS IN
RECENT COP MEETINGS.
THE DEVELOPING WORLD FEELS LIKE
THE MAJOR INDUSTRIAL POWERS OF
THE WORLD HAVEN'T PROVIDED THE
RESOURCES THEY PROMISED IN THE
FORM OF LEASES, IN THE FORM OF
GRANTS AND ASSISTANCE TO HELP
THEM LEAPFROG PAST THIS
INDUSTRIAL STATE, PAST THIS
FOSSIL FUEL STAGE, DIRECTLY INTO
A CLEAN ENERGY ECONOMY THAT WILL
NOT TAKE US FURTHER DOWN THIS
PATH OF CARBON ENERGY DEPENDENCE
AND CATASTROPHIC CLIMATE CHANGE.
GEOFF: MICHAEL MAN IS THE
DIRECTOR OF THE CENTER FOR
SCIENCE SUSTAINABILITY AND THE
MEDIA AT THE UNIVERSITY OF
PENNSYLVANIA.
THANKS FOR YOUR INSIGHTS.
GOOD TO SEE YOU.
>> YOU, TOO.
THANKSE.
♪
GEOFF: SNEAKER CULTURE, A
PHENOMENON THAT FIRST TOOK OFF
IN THE 1980'S WITH THE RELEASE
OF THE AIR JORDAN LINE HAS SEEN
FINANCIAL GROWTH IN RECENT YEARS
FROM A LIST CELEBRITIES TO THE
AVERAGE CONSUMER'S SNEAKERS HAVE
BECOME A SYMBOL OF SELF
EXPRESSION.
WE TRAVELED TO ATLANTA RECENTLY
WHERE A NEW PROGRAM IS HELPING
STUDENTS GET THEIR FOOT IN THE
DOOR OF THIS LUCRATIVE MARKET.
>> AMERICA SNEAKER OBSESSION
IS AN $80 BILLION INDUSTRY,
FROM'S SPORTSWEAR TO STREET
STYLE, THEY HAVE EVOLVED INTO
CULTURAL COMMODITIES BUT THERE
ARE FEW OPPORTUNITIES TO LEARN
THE INS AND OUTS OF SNEAKER
MAKING.
THE SAVANNAH COLLEGE OF ART AND
DESIGN HAS DEVELOPED A PROGRAM
TO DO JUST THAT.
A SNEAKER DESIGN MINOR, THE
FIRST OF ITS KIND IN THE U.S.
ROGER THOMAS IS A SENIOR.
WHAT DOES IT TAKE TO GET A MINOR
IN SNEAKER DESIGN?
>> A PASSION.
YOU HAVE TO -- WANT TO DO
THIS.
>> THOMAS CREATED THIS HIKING
SHOE LAST SEMESTER.
AND SAYS THE DESIGN PROCESS IS
PART RESEARCH, PART INTUITION.
>> YOU KINDA KNOW WHEN YOU GET
THE SHOE THAT YOU LIKE, THIS IS
THE ONE.
>> THEY PILOTED THE PROGRAM LAST
SPRING.
OFFERING COURSES ON SKETCHING,
RENDERING AND EVEN DESIGNING
WITH VIRTUAL REALITY TECHNOLOGY.
ALL SKILLS THAT THE PRESIDENT
PAULA WALLACE SAYS ARE ESSENTIAL
FOR INDUSTRY NEWCOMERS.
>> OUR SNEAKER DESIGN PROGRAM
REALLY EPITOMIZES THE
UNIVERSITY'S MISSION TO PREPARE
STUDENTS FOR CREATIVE
PROFESSIONS.
TO STAY COMPETITIVE, BRANDS NEED
BRILLIANT IDEAS, EXECUTED WITH
CHIC AND SUSTAINABLE DESIGN.
YOU WANT A CAREER IN DESIGNING?
YOU GOT IT.
>> LAUREN AMOS LAUNCHED A
STREET WHERE BOUTIQUE 20 YEARS
AGO.
NOW SHE IS FUNDING A SCHOLARSHIP
TO SUPPORT STUDENTS IN THE
SNEAKER DESIGN PROGRAM.
>> THIS JUST, IT HIT ALL THE
RIGHT BUTTONS.
TO BE ABLE TO HELP IN ANY
CAPACITY AND FOR THERE TO BE M
ORE DIVERSITY WITHIN THE SNEAKER
COMMUNITY IS REALLY IMPORTANT TO
ME.
>> ALUMNI HAVE LANDED JOBS WITH
MAJOR BRANDS, NIKE, ADIDAS,
REEBOK AND NEW BALANCE.
AND ONE ALUMN IS BRINGING WHAT
HE LEARNED BACK TO HIS ALMA
MATER.
>> WHEN I GOT WORD THAT THEY
WERE LAUNCHING THE FIRST
ACCREDITED SNEAKER LINE,
AND THEY WANTED SOMEBODY TO LEAD
IT, THEY REACHED OUT AND I
AUTOMATICALLY KNEW THAT I AM
DEFINITELY COMING BACK, BECAUSE
THAT IT IS A PASSION OF MINE,
THAT I WANT TO GIVE THE ENERGY
TO THE NEW STUDENTS, THE NEW
GENERATION OF DESIGNERS.
>> QUINTON WILLIAMS COFOUNDED
Q4, A COMPANY THAT PARTNERS WITH
PROFESSIONAL ATHLETES.
WHEN YOU WERE VIEWING THE
DESIGNS, HOW DO SEPARATE THE
GOOD FROM THE GREAT?
>> THE EASY ANSWER TO SEPARATE
GOOD DESIGN FROM BAD DESIGN IS
THE REASON WHY.
WHY DID YOU DESIGN THAT THAT W
AY?
WHAT WAS THE REASON.
IF YOU DO NOT HAVE AN ANSWER,
THAT IS NOT GOOD DESIGN.
GOOD DESIGN HAS PURPOSE.
GOOD DESIGN HAS FUNCTIONALITY
AND IT MAKES THE USER EXPERIENCE
BETTER.
SO, THAT'S WHAT WE TRY TO PREACH
HERE.
>> I DIDN'T THINK IT WAS GOING
TO BE LIKE THAT.
>> MASTERING THE WHY IN DESIGN
IS ONLY PART OF THE PROGRAM'S
APPEAL.
IT IS ALSO THE MENTORSHIP FROM
SUCCESSFUL DESIGNERS LIKE
WILLIAMS, HE IS NOT SURE HE
COULD FIND ANYWHERE ELSE.
>> I DON'T SEE A LOT OF PEOPLE
LIKE ME DOING IT.
OK HE'S SUCCESSFUL, AND I HAD TO
MAKE IT HAPPEN.
>> THEY HOPE THE PROGRAM WILL
CREATE A PIPELINE FOR A NEW
GENERATION TO CONTINUE MAKING
STRIDES IN AN INDUSTRY THAT IS
NOT SLOWING DOWN ANYTIME SOON.
♪
GEOFF: AND THAT IS OUR PROGRAM
FOR TONIGHT.
I'M GEOFF BENNETT. FOR ALL OF US
AT "PBS NEWS WEEKEND," THANKS
FOR SPENDING PART OF YOUR
SATURDAY WITH US.
>> MAJOR FUNDING FOR "PBS NEWS
WEEKEND" HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY --
AND WITH THE ONGOING SUPPORT OF
THESE INDIVIDUALS AND
INSTITUTIONS.
THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE
BY THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC
BROADCASTING AND BY
CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS
STATION FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU.
THANK YOU.
[CAPTIONING PERFORMED BY THE
NATIONAL CAPTIONING INSTITUTE,
WHICH IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ITS
CAPTION CONTENT AND ACCURACY.]
♪