Name: Fall of Malaya - Pacific War #10 Animated DOCUMENTARY
Uploaded: 2022-07-01T00:50:38.000Z
Duration: 19 min 30 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

We have been following the Malayan Campaign  since the start of the war, seeing the British  

Empire continually prove that it was hardly  prepared to defend its eastern possessions.  

After many lost battles and desperate rearguard  actions, last week the complete pull out from  

Johor was finally ordered, signifying the fall  of Malaya as the British defenders retreated into  

Singapore to protect their so-called eastern  fortress, called the Gibraltar of the East.  

The situation thus looked bleak for the empire  in which the sun never sets, with the Rising  

Sun looking like it could menacingly replace  their hegemony in the East. But before that, the  

British defenders were determined to offer as much  resistance as they could in Burma and Singapore,  

so the stage was set for one of the most  important battles of the Pacific War.

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Since we've last seen, the American defensive  lines in the Philippines had been completely  

pierced by the determined Japanese soldiers,  forcing the defenders to retreat to some new  

positions on a rearguard line that stretched  between the coastal towns of Orion and Bagac.  

By January 26, the Filipino forces under  Generals Wainwright and Parker had completed  

their withdrawal, dividing their new defensive  line into several sectors . In hot pursuit, the  

Japanese started to hammer the American defensive  positions straight away, with General Nara and  

his 65th Independent Mixed Brigade advancing on  the east and with General Kimura's forces moving  

towards the west . But General Homma had an ace  up his sleeve: a planned naval invasion to bypass  

the American defenses and thus capture the naval  base of Mariveles with the objective of cutting  

off the retreat of the defenders. Two battalions  from the 20th Regiment were thus appointed to  

land in small and isolated inlets and then fight  their way over sharp cliffs and points rising from  

the sea. Back on the evening of January 22, the  landing craft set out from the town of Morong,  

heading towards Caibobo Point south of Bagac.  Unfortunately for the Japanese, the landings  

went awry, facing rough seas, poor weather and the  threat of American PT boats. This caused them to  

misidentify the landing zone, coming ashore  at Quinauan Point and Longoskawayan Point,  

which were further down the coast from where they  expected to land, something that left them very  

isolated but also very close to their target  . Thus, the Battle of the Points had begun. 

On the morning of January 23, American naval  lookouts saw some 300 Japanese soldiers moving  

inland from Longoskawayan Point. A combination  of sailors, marines and soldiers then rushed to  

dislodge the Japanese invaders, but thick jungle  impeded their advance. They eventually managed to  

push back the Japanese, yet they could not  defeat them. The Americans then exerted an  

intense artillery and mortar bombardment over  the Japanese positions, but this could only  

contain their advance for long enough, so General  MacArthur decided to send his trained reserves to  

save the situation . Meanwhile, at Quinauan Point,  600 Japanese soldiers managed to consolidate their  

position in the face of staunch opposition by  American airmen and Filipino constabulary forces.  

For several days, the situation would remain the  same, with both the defenders and the invaders  

trying to reinforce their positions as much  as they could. On the night of January 26,  

Kimura committed his reserve battalion and sent  it from Olongapo to reinforce the Japanese at  

Quinauan Point. But this battalion would also  be subjected to bad weather, landing instead  

north of Quinauan Point at Anyasan Point. In  response, Wainwright sent two battalions of  

Philippine Scouts and some M3 tanks to reinforce  the American defenders; while the remnants of the  

American air force carried out a successful  raid over the fields at Nielson and Nichols. 

While the Battle of the Points played out,  Homma decided to appoint Lieutenant-General  

Morioka Susumu to command the offensive against  Wainwright's western area, reinforcing him with  

two battalions and some support units. Using  night attacks all along the Orion-Bagac Line, the  

Japanese would also manage to make some limited  incursions during these days. But on January 28,  

after two days of heavy fighting and a successful  night assault, Nara would finally manage to breach  

the defensive line in two places at Sector  C . Despite these successes, the Japanese  

would fail to exploit their gains, so their  advance would become bogged down. The next day,  

reinforced by Philippine Scouts and tanks, the  American defenders would also manage to destroy  

the Japanese forces at Longoskawayan Point,  thus removing the closest threat to Mariveles.  

Still, two more points were in Japanese hands, and  they would continue to menace MacArthur's plans  

until they were removed. We now turn to Borneo,  where the Japanese forces were continuing to  

consolidate their gains on the island. Since  the fall of Kuching, the remnants of the Punjabi  

battalion that was sent to defend British Borneo  had retreated to the airfield of Singkawang II,  

joining a garrison of 750 Dutch soldiers. There,  Colonel Lane placed his battalion under Dutch  

command for the defense of the airfield, while  the Japanese forces of the Kawaguchi Detachment  

prepared to execute a land-based attack from  the north and a coastal assault from the west. 

On January 24, this attack  finally came into fruition,  

as five Japanese companies crossed the border  and started their advance on Singkawang.  

The following day, they had reached a village  northeast of the airfield, where Colonel Lane  

decided to launch a swift counterattack on January  26. Yet this attack was repulsed, and by night,  

the Japanese had launched a strong assault  that had turned the flanks of the defenders.  

With the battle lost, the Allies started  the evacuation of the Singkawang II airfield  

on January 27, with a VCL light-tank and a  Braat Overvalgen covering their retreat at the  

crossroads between the towns of Ledo and Sanggau,  thus inflicting heavy casualties on the invaders.  

Although the Overvalgen managed to retreat to  Ledo only with pierced tyres, the tank had to  

be abandoned and was later captured by Japanese  soldiers. Yet despite their valiant efforts,  

they could not prevent two Punjabi platoons  from getting surrounded and annihilated.  

By the evening of January 27 though, most of the  defenders would reach Ledo and would establish  

new defensive positions there. Yet at the same  time, Japanese forces would land at Pemangkat,  

capturing several coastal towns to the  south and getting close to Bengkajang,  

thus threatening to surround the Allied forces at  Ledo. This forced the defenders to retreat further  

east to Sanggau and Sintang, then fighting a  series of rearguard actions until January 31,  

when the Allied forces would finally decide  to pull back to the south coast of Borneo,  

where they would start to fight guerrilla warfare. And on the other side of the island,  

the Kume Detachment had crossed the Doendang  River by January 29, getting very close to  

the oilfields of Sanga Sanga. Back on January 24,  some 300 Dutch soldiers under Captain Monteiro had  

started the demolition of such oilfields, leaving  behind 80 men to delay the Japanese advance  

while Monteiro retreated towards the town of  Samarinda. These 80 men were then engaged by  

the Kume Detachment, getting completely pummeled  and retreating in disarray towards Loa Djanan.  

After the fall of Sanga Sanga, Monteiro decided  to raze Samarinda and move his headquarters to Loa  

Djanan by January 31, where he was planning  to execute a long-term delaying action of  

the Japanese advance along the Mahakam River  towards the Samarinda II airfield. But this week  

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Fall of Malaya - Pacific War #10 Animated DOCUMENTARY

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