Name: スローモーションの仕組み (How slow motion works)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T11:19:16.000Z
Duration: 9 min 41 s
Description: VoiceTubeの動画で発音を聞きながら英語表現を覚えよう！学べる英語：

If you Google “best slo-mo scene ever,” you'll find the Matrix “lobby scene”

程度の副詞

It is actually a 3 minute 13 second tapestry of 74 apparently normal clips and just 35

Slow motion animates sports, and sells iPhones, and is so powerful in movies it can make you

To demonstrate the principles of slow motion, we actually hired a world-class juggler to

show how a lot of the fundamental ideas — OK, you know, it throws me off when you pan up

to my face, it's not supposed to be in the shot.

Though this juggling is filmed with a digital camera, the fundamental principles are the

This 1 second clip is shot and played at about 24 frames a second - 24 pictures — today's

Now let's say we film this at 60 pictures a second.

If we play both clips back at a rate of 24 frames a second, the 60 pictures take 2 and

a half times longer to play than just 24 pictures - that is slow motion.

This comes with some technical hurdles — especially when it comes to lighting.

Imagine a door opening and closing to let light in.

If I take 24 pictures a second, the camera door - the shutter — will be open for about

1/50th of a second to let in the right amount of light for a nice amount of blur in the

Not enough blur, and things look disorientingly sharp.

1/50th is just right for what we think of as a cinematic look.

If I take 60 pictures a second, see how everything is darker?

That's because I need to use a higher shutter speed when I'm shooting more frames per second

— the door is slamming open and shut more quickly.

There's less time for light to hit the camera's sensor (or the film).

To lighten it, I have to crank the light or use more sensitive film (or in a digital camera,

But once all this is done, you can control not just how your picture looks — but how

Because these rules are so important to capturing any image, the potential to shape motion was

obvious from the beginning of photography.

And just like the slow mo tennis balls ball, early pioneers took lots of pictures quickly

to slow down time - a process that transitioned to actually filming motion.

Early film was often - though not always - fed through the camera manually to control the

Cameramen used this to their cinematic advantage.

They often overcranked — cranked too fast — to put more film frames in front of the

Or they undercranked — crank too slow — to make things look faster.

Movie projectors could be messed with too.

This 1897 film, Charity Ball, looks dreamy and slo mo when played at, say, 22 frames

a second, but realistic when played at 40 frames a second.

Setting rules for movies required the one thing that was missing.

If I bounce this ball on a tennis racket, the speed of the audio and video have to be

This idea became increasingly important in the late 1920s, when films with sound — called

They didn't work if film recording and playback speeds were all over the place — which they

In 1927, the Society of Motion Picture Engineers noted that the sound recording device “must

be perfectly synchronized with the camera.”

The Jazz Singer, the first talkie, a 1927 movie that centered on a blackface performer,

was made thanks to a company called Vitaphone.

Their technology synced recording speed using a mechanical engine, not a person at a crank.

The Motion Picture Engineers followed Vitaphone's standard and settled on 24 frames a second.

Confusion about playback and film speed was over.

With a standard established, people were free to experiment.

Slow motion had already been used in science and sports, like newsreel footage of baseball

Or in filmmaker (and Nazi propogandist) Leni Riefenstahl's Olympics documentary.

Beyond sports, there was some slow-mo dabbling in Hollywood, like the dreamlike hunting party

In 1938, Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers danced in slow-mo too.

French Filmmaker and theorist Jean Epstein played with Slo mo in the Fall of the House

He wrote: “Slow motion really brings a new set of

Its ability to dismantle feelings, to enhance drama...surpasses all the other known tragic

1930's French film Zero for Conduct featured a slow motion scene after a pillow fight — and

Jean Cocteau's Orpheus used slow motion to add drama to a dreamy sequence.

Akira Kurosawa, whose groundbreaking hit Seven Samurai featured slow-mo, helped influence

Hollywood to add slow-mo to action and narrative.

No longer just for sports, musicals, or outsider “artistes,” slow motion appeared at more

than 100 frames a second in the final shooting in 1967's Bonnie and Clyde.

By the '80s it was suitable for everything from blood rushing from an elevator

Slow motion was an established trope by the 1990s - one with rules, and references, and

Film with your iphone in regular motion and slow motion.

That's the phone compensating for less light - by making the sensor more sensitive, raising

But for movies, with speeds at thousands of frames a second possible, and VFX augmentation

common, slow motion has fully become an aesthetic storytelling tool rather than a technological

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