Name: ガラグラーグ群島50周年記念 序文 (Foreword to The Gulag Archipelago: 50th Anniversary)
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Earlier this year, I was invited by Nick Skidmore, editor of Vintage Classics at Penguin, to write the forward to the 50th anniversary edition of the single volume, abridged version of Alexander Solzhenitsyn's Gulag Archipelago.

関係詞節（制限と非制限）

This was perhaps the single greatest honor that has ever befalling me, given the historical importance of soldiers in its Sins book as well as its great personal impact on me, the Gulag Archipelago in its full form.

It was a three volume text originally written between 1958 in 1968.

It first saw publication in 1973 and was translated into English a year later.

It describes life in the Soviet forced labor camp system, the Goo Leg through a narrative compiled from interviews, personal statements from inmates, diaries, legal and historical documents and the author's own experience as a gulag prisoner.

Following its appearance, the books circulated underground in the Soviet Union until it's formal publication in 1989 in the literary journal Novi Mirror, which published 1/3 of the work and three issues Since the Soviet Union dissolved, the entire book has been published and has been made mandatory reading in the Russian school curriculum.

The 50th anniversary edition is slated for release November 1st 2000 and 18.

Here's a brief biography of the author Alexander Solzhenitsyn from the book.

Solzhenitsyn was born in 1918 and grew up in raw stove on dawn.

He graduated in physics and mathematics from roster of university and studied literature by correspondence course at Moscow University.

In World War Two, he fought as an artillery officer, attaining the rank of captain in 1945.

However, after making derogatory remarks about Stalin in the letter, he was arrested and summarily sentenced to eight years in forced labor camps, followed by internal exile.

In 1957 he was formally rehabilitated and settled down to teaching and writing.

From the back cover, he officially approved Abridgment of the Gulag Archipelago Volumes 12 and three.

A vast canvas of camps, prisons, transit centers and secret police of informers and spies and interrogators, but also of everyday heroism.

The Gulag Archipelago is Alexander Solzhenitsyn's grandmaster work, based on the testimony of some 200 survivors and on the recollection of soldier knits and zone 11 years in labor camps in exile.

It chronicles the story of those at the heart of the Soviet Union who opposed Stalin and for whom the key to survival lay not in hope but in despair, a thoroughly researched document and a feat of literary and imaginative power, this edition of The Gulag Archipelago was abridged into one volume at the authors wish and with his full cooperation.

A British novelist, playwright, librettist, biographer and short story writer and winner of the 2000 and seven Nobel Prize for literature, says of the Gulag Archipelago, it helped to bring down an empire.

Its importance can hardly be exaggerated.

This is Solzhenitsyn's own forward to the original abridgment.

I dedicate this to all those who did not live to tell it, and may they please forgive me for not having seen it all, nor remembered at all for not having divined it all.

If it were possible for any nation to fathom another people's bitter experience through a book, how much easier it's future fate would become and how many calamities and mistakes it could avoid.

Alas, all the evil of the 20th century is possible everywhere on Earth.

Yet I have not given up all hope that human beings and nations may be able, in spite of all toe, learn from the experience of other people without having to live through it personally.

Therefore, I gratefully accept Professor Erickson suggestion to create a one volume abridgment of my three volume work to go like Archipelago in order to facilitate its reading.

For those who do not have much time in this hectic century of ours, I think Professor Erickson, for his generous initiative as well as for the tactful nous, the literary taste and the understanding of Western readers, which he displayed during the work on the abridgment.

1939 to 2017 who served as the editor of the Bridge single volume version of The Gulag Archipelago, was professor emeritus of English at Calvin College and the author of many other books, including The Soldier in its and Reader.

The apocalyptic vision of Mikhail Bulgakov is the Master and Margarita and the Soul and Barbed Wire, an introduction to soldier Nitsa This is what he had to say when he introduced the abridged version.

In 1994 after 20 years of forced exile in the West, Alexander Solzhenitsyn returned to Russia.

At one town meeting held on his Trans Siberian whistle stop tour to re acquaint himself with his homeland.

It is you and your writing that started it all and brought our country to the verge of collapse and devastation.

Soldier knits and instantly replied that to his dying day he would keep fighting against the evil ideology that was capable of slaying 1/3 of his country's population.

That sort of exchange was unimaginable when the present abridgment of the Gulag Archipelago first appeared in 1985.

Almost no one expected then that within a few years the Soviet Union would collapse and almost in a day like the legendary one horse Shay.

Yet now the dramatic events that put the closing punctuation mark on the Soviet parentheses in Russian history have also, we may say, brought an end to what the great Russian poet Anna Akhmatova called the true 20th century this for shortened century.

Running from 1914 to 1917 to 1989 90 91 was the era when utopian dreams rooted enlightenment.

Optimism came to rely on brute force to make ideological schemes prevail.

The 20th century is proven, in quantitative terms, at least the most murderous in human history.

As governments killed their subjects at record rates for decades, the word Holocaust served a shorthand for modern man's inhumanity demand.

Then one lone man added a second such term gulag, which now appears in dictionaries as a common noun soldier.

Nixon was one of the precious few who did anticipate the demise of the Soviet experiment, and he thought his book would help.

Oh yes, Gulag was destined to affect the course of history.

On one of his darkest days, February 12th 1974 the day before he was forced into exile and precisely because the gulag had appeared in the West, he mused, You Bolsheviks air finished.

There are no two ways about it, what satisfaction he felt then, when some early reviews, such as one from the Frankfurter Elga main a leading German newspaper, caught his intentions.

The time may come when we date the beginning of the collapse of the Soviet system from the appearance of gulag.

Kennan hailed the work as the greatest and most powerful single indictment of a political regime ever to be leveled in modern times, one sure to stick in the craw of the Soviet propaganda machine with increasing discomfort until it is done.

Its work soldier Nixon has proven precedent on other matters as well.

Not only did he reiterate in the teeth of the prevailing opinion of Western specialists on Soviet affairs, that he was absolutely convinced that communism will go.

He also insisted, most resolutely and against all seeming reason that he expected to be reunited with his beloved Russia.

In a strange way, I not only hope I'm inwardly convinced that I shall go back.

I mean, my physical return, not just my books, and that contradicts all rationality.

His improbable prerequisites were that his citizenship be restored, that the charge of treason against him be dropped and that all his books be published in his homeland.

After his prophecies were fulfilled, a friend of his reminisced.

It seemed crazy to me at the time, but it was a real conviction, a poets knowledge he sees the man sees.

However, historians ultimately apportioned the credit for ending the Cold War.

Soldier knits and indubitably played a part in bringing the Soviet edifice down to rubble.

His writings de legitimized communism in his homeland and discredited it abroad.

He was much too modest in depicting himself as a little caf, foolishly butting a mighty oak and thinking this could bring it down, as David Remnick, editor of The New Yorker, declares, in terms of the effect he has had on history.

So she knits and is the dominant writer of the century.

Kessler Remnick concludes that to some extent you have to credit the literary works of Alexander Solzhenitsyn with helping to bring down the last empire on Earth.

So after that introductory material, my forward.

It begins with an excerpt from the speech delivered by Soldier Nets into the Swedish Academy on the occasion of his acceptance of the Nobel Prize for literature.

Once we have taken up the word it is, they're after impossible to turn away, a writer is no detached judge of his countrymen and contemporaries.

He is an accomplice to all the evil committed in this country or by his people.

And if the tanks of his fatherland have bloodied the pavement of a foreign capital than rust, colored stains have forever be spattered the writer's face.

And if on some fateful night a trusting friend is strangled in his sleep, then the palms of the writer bear the bruises from that rope and of his youthful fellow citizens nonchalantly proclaimed the advantages of debauchery over humble toil.

If they abandon themselves to drugs or seize hostages, then this stench to is mingled with the breath of the writer.

Have we the insolence to declare that we do not answer for the evils of today's world?

The simple act of unordinary brave man is not to participate in lies, not to support false actions.

Let it even reign supreme, only not through me.

But it is within the power of writers and artists to do much more to defeat the lie for in the struggle with lies.

Art has always triumphed, and shell always triumph, visibly irrefutably for all lies can prevail against much in this world, but never against art.

One word of truth show outweigh the whole world.

First you defend your homeland against the Nazis, serving as a twice decorated soldier on the eastern front in the criminally ill prepared Soviet Red Army.

Then you're arrested, humiliated, stripped of your military rank, charged under the auspices of the all purpose Article 58 with the dissemination of anti Soviet propaganda and dragged off to Moscow's infamous Lubyanka prison.

There, through the bars of your cell, you watch your beloved country celebrating its victory in the Great Patriotic War.

Then you're sentenced in absentia to eight years of hard labor.

It wasn't so long afterward that people in your position were awarded a tenner and then 1/4 of a century.

You develop a deadly cancer in the camp, endure the exile imposed on you after your imprisonment ends and passed very close to death.

Despite all this, you hold your head high.

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ガラグラーグ群島50周年記念序文 (Foreword to The Gulag Archipelago: 50th Anniversary)

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ガラグラーグ群島50周年記念 序文 (Foreword to The Gulag Archipelago: 50th Anniversary)

individual

inevitable

privilege

present

ガラグラーグ群島50周年記念序文 (Foreword to The Gulag Archipelago: 50th Anniversary)