字幕表 動画を再生する 英語字幕をプリント ♪♪ IT'S SHARK WEEK, AND THIS IS YOUR "DAILY BITE." THERE HAVE BEEN SOME INCREDIBLE DISCOVERIES IN THE DEEP BLUE SEA SINCE LAST YEAR, AND GREAT WHITE SHARKS HAVE BROUGHT US SOME OF THE MOST JAW-DROPPING, FROM MILLIONS OF YEARS AGO, RUBBING FINS WITH THE MEG... TO BREACHING ALL NEW HEIGHTS THIS YEAR. THIS APEX SPECIES IS A FORMIDABLE PREDATOR, AND WE'RE NOW OBSERVING NEW STRATEGIES IN THEIR ATTACK ARSENAL. ONE OF THEIR MOST RECENTLY DISCOVERED TACTICS IS KELP. SEALS TEND TO FEEL SAFE HANGING AROUND A PROTECTIVE KELP FOREST, BUT RECENT RESEARCH FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI ACTUALLY SHOWS THEY HAVE REDUCED CORTISOL LEVELS WHEN THEY AREN'T WORRIED ABOUT BECOMING LUNCH. BUT RESEARCHERS INSIDE AFRICA HAVE SPOTTED WHITE SHARKS LURKING IN KELP. WITH THE SEALS' GUARDS DOWN, THESE HUNTERS CAN USE IT AS A SORT OF CAMOUFLAGE AS THEY STALK OUT THEIR UNSUSPECTING PREY. AND THERE'S EVEN NEW PROOF THAT SUGGESTS THE GREAT WHITE'S HUNTING ABILITIES HAVE BEEN SPOT-ON FOR A GOOD 11 MILLION YEARS OR SO. NEW FOSSIL DATING RECENTLY REVISED THE DATE OF MEGALODON'S EXTINCTION FROM 2.6 MILLION YEARS AGO TO 3.6 MILLION YEARS AGO -- RIGHT BACK TO WHEN GREAT WHITE SHARKS WERE ALSO ROAMING THE OCEANS. IT'S POSSIBLE THAT GREAT WHITE SHARKS LITERALLY STARVED THE MEG INTO EXTINCTION BY OUT-HUNTING IT. NOW, THE ABSOLUTE COOLEST HUNTING TACTICS PROBABLY GO TO THE BREACHING GREAT WHITE SHARKS OF SOUTH AFRICA. THE WORLD GOT ITS FIRST GLIMPSE OF THE JAW-INSPIRING BEASTS BACK IN 2001 WHEN "SHARK WEEK" DIRECTOR JEFF KURR CAPTURED THE PHENOMENON IN SOUTH AFRICA'S SEAL ISLAND. WHAT'S REALLY INCREDIBLE IS THE SHEER SPEED THAT GREAT WHITES ARE ABLE TO ACHIEVE TO PROPEL THEIR ONE-TON BODIES THROUGH THE SURFACE AND SNATCH UP THE SEALS. THE RESULTS ARE JUST TERRIFYINGLY BEAUTIFUL. UNFORTUNATELY, THE TWO-DECADE-LONG STUDY THAT BROUGHT US YEARS OF AIR JAWS HAS DISCOVERED THOSE ACROBATIC SHARKS ARE DISAPPEARING FROM SOUTH AFRICA. DR. NEIL HAMMERSCHLAG AND CHRIS FALLOWS HAVE DOCUMENTED OVER 8,000 SIGHTINGS SINCE THE YEAR 2000. AND SOMEWHERE AROUND 2015, THE NUMBERS DROPPED OFF DRAMATICALLY. THINGS GOT EVEN QUIETER ON THE SURFACE IN 2017 WHEN THEY BEGAN DISAPPEARING ENTIRELY FOR MONTHS AT A TIME. MY FRIEND DR. NEIL HAMMERSCHLAG EXPLAINED HIS FINDINGS IN A NEWLY PUBLISHED PAPER WITH AN EXCITING TWIST AT THE END. WE KNOW THAT MANY SHARK POPULATIONS ACROSS THE GLOBE ARE DECLINING, WHICH RAISES A REALLY IMPORTANT QUESTION. WHAT ARE THE ECOSYSTEM CONSEQUENCES? WHAT HAPPENS WHEN AN APEX PREDATOR DISAPPEARS FROM AN AREA? AND UNFORTUNATELY, TO THIS DAY, TRYING TO OBTAIN THAT TYPE OF DATA HAS BEEN REALLY DIFFICULT BECAUSE MOST STUDIES ARE SHORT-TERM. HOWEVER, A LONG-TERM STUDY AND COLLABORATION BETWEEN CHRIS FALLOWS AND I REVEALED SOME REALLY NEW, EXCITING DATA THAT'S HELPED PROVIDE INSIGHTS INTO HOW AN ECOSYSTEM MIGHT CHANGE FOLLOWING THE LOSS OF AN APEX PREDATORY SHARK. IT'S CRAZY TO THINK THIS PLACE THAT WAS FAMOUS FOR BREACHING GREAT WHITE SHARKS NOW IS VOID OF GREAT WHITES. BUT IN THE ABSENCE OF GREAT WHITE SHARKS, WE DOCUMENTED SOMETHING THAT WE COULDN'T PREDICT -- ANOTHER APEX PREDATOR MOVING IN. THE SEVENGILL SHARKS. SEVENGILL SHARKS RESEMBLE PREHISTORIC SHARKS, HAVING SEVEN GILLS INSTEAD OF THE NORMAL FIVE THAT MANY MODERN-DAY SHARKS HAVE. IN THAT PART OF THE WORLD, IN FALSE BAY, SEVENGILLS WERE KNOWN TO AGGREGATE NEARLY 20 KILOMETERS AWAY IN KELP FORESTS. WE HAD THOUGHT THAT ONE OF THE REASONS THAT THE SEVENGILLS WERE HANGING OUT IN THESE KELP FORESTS IS BECAUSE THEY PROVIDED A REFUGE TO GREAT WHITES, BECAUSE OTHER THAN GREAT WHITE SHARKS, THESE SEVENGILLS DON'T ACTUALLY HAVE ANY NATURAL PREDATORS. AND THE THOUGHT IS WHEN THE WHITE SHARKS HAVE LEFT, THESE SEVENGILLS ARE ABLE TO MOVE TO SEAL ISLAND AND TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE VOID LEFT BEHIND BY THE ABSENCE AND DISAPPEARANCE OF WHITE SHARKS. WHAT THIS LONG-TERM STUDY REALLY SHOWED IS THAT ECOSYSTEMS ARE COMPLEX, AND WITHOUT AN APEX PREDATOR LIKE THE GREAT WHITE, THE SYSTEM CHANGES. AND FOR THE FIRST TIME IN 20 YEARS, WE SAW THE EMERGENCE OF THIS OTHER APEX PREDATOR MOVE INTO THE AREA -- SOMETHING THAT WE COULDN'T HAVE PREDICTED. WE DON'T KNOW WHY THE GREAT WHITE SHARKS DISAPPEARED OR WHERE THEY'VE GONE, HOWEVER, WHAT I CAN TELL YOU IS WE'VE DOCUMENTED A NEW SPOT IN SOUTH AFRICA THAT IS A GREAT WHITE SHARK HUNTING HOT SPOT. WE WERE ABLE TO GO THERE AND FILM FOR THIS YEAR'S "SHARK WEEK" IN A SHOW CALLED "AIR JAWS STRIKES BACK." AND AT THIS SITE, WE'VE SEEN SOME INCREDIBLE, NEW HUNTING BEHAVIORS OF WHITE SHARKS THAT HAVE CHANGED THE WAY WE LOOK AT SHARK/SEAL INTERACTIONS. THE GREAT WHITE SHARK DISCOVERIES THIS YEAR HAVE ONLY JUST TAPPED THE SURFACE OF WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT THESE LIVING DINOSAURS. "SHARK WEEK" SCIENTISTS HAVE UNCOVERED SO MUCH MORE, LIKE THE REAPPEARANCE OF THE LARGEST GREAT WHITE SHARK ON RECORD -- "DEEP BLUE"... [ INDISTINCT SHOUTING ] ...AND SOME NEVER-BEFORE-SEEN PREDATION IN SECRET HUNTING GROUNDS AROUND GUADALUPE. STICK WITH US ALL "SHARK WEEK" LONG AS WE CONTINUE TO BRING YOU THE COOLEST DISCOVERIES IN SHARK. IN THE NEXT EPISODE OF THE "DAILY BITE," WE'RE GONNA CATCH UP WITH THE FASTEST SHARKS IN THE OCEAN AND THEIR RACE AGAINST EXTINCTION.
B2 中上級 ホオジロの新発見|シャークウィークのデイリーバイト (A New Great White Discovery | Shark Week's The Daily Bite) 3 0 林宜悉 に公開 2021 年 01 月 14 日 シェア シェア 保存 報告 動画の中の単語