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  • Download them right now before they expire in ways to improve your writing.

  • So let's go.

  • Don't use text speak.

  • Okay, so the first tip to improve your writing is don't use text, speak text speak by that I mean, for example, like B r B or L O l or those kinds of words, the words that you use on the Internet like S and Nasser in text messages with your friends.

  • Those very short like slang words T t y l or Ella Mae.

  • Oh, are those sorts of acronyms?

  • Do not use those in your formal writing.

  • If you are writing a letter, a business email, whatever.

  • Do not use those.

  • The only one that you can use in a business email.

  • So not in a letter of recommendation, not in a formal letter, but the only thing you can use that sort of text speak ish eyes theocracy.

  • M F Y I, which means for your information, you can use F Fly I in a mail to your colleagues in an email to your colleagues or your co workers.

  • But usually it's with somebody you have a good relationship with.

  • You can say F Y I in those cases other p text speak other acronyms like that.

  • Don't use them.

  • You will sound immature.

  • You will sound, um, too casual.

  • Not a good idea.

  • Use proper punctuation.

  • The next hint is to use proper punctuation, proper punctuation, punctuation, for example.

  • We have commas.

  • We have periods semi Coghlan's Coghlan's apostrophes quotation marks, parentheses.

  • All of these are punctuation marks, the little points in our writing that tell readers where to stop reading or how sentences are connected.

  • Using proper punctuation in your writing will help your readers understand you.

  • And if your reader understands you well and you've used proper punctuation, you will also look.

  • It's smarter.

  • Do if you're not using proper punctuation like, for example, if you forget to use an apostrophe in a word, it's gonna look kind of bad.

  • Honestly, for example, if you use the word ah, your why o u apostrophe R E If you leave out the apostrophe, if you just write y o u r e, it looks lazy.

  • It looks lazy, so make sure to use proper punctuation to avoid appearing lazy.

  • So don't forget your Little period's Kamen Semi colon is all that don't repeat the same vocabulary words.

  • The next tip is.

  • Don't repeat the same vocabulary.

  • Words don't repeat the same vocabulary words, she says, repeating the same sentence.

  • But don't repeat the same vocabulary.

  • Words means, if you are using, like an adjective, a specific adjective in a sentence.

  • Uh, don't use that same adjective in every other sentence.

  • Like try to use different adjectives to describe your points if you're always using exactly the same words to describe your point.

  • Like if, for example, I want to write about cake.

  • If I want to write an article about cake and I just say this cake is delicious, this cake is so delicious.

  • I love this cake because it was delicious.

  • This was so delicious.

  • It's boring for the reader to read the same word every single sentence or and also you're not really communicating very much.

  • If I just used the word delicious to describe the cake.

  • The reader doesn't understand why the cake is delicious, so give more detail when you're sharing your opinions.

  • Of course, this time it's a very simple opinion about delicious cake, but use a variety of different adjectives.

  • Support your arguments with statements that use different vocabulary words.

  • So don't always say the same word to describe something.

  • Try to use a lot of different vocabulary words and think a lot about different adjectives you can use.

  • If this is difficult for you, there is a tool you can use.

  • Ah, the English word for it is the source, the source.

  • So many of you know what a dictionary is a book or a resource to check the meaning of a word, But you can also use what's called a fist saurus.

  • With a thesaurus.

  • You can search for synonyms words, which have the same or similar meaning as other words.

  • So if I look for the word like delicious, I might get let's see, some synonyms for the word delicious might be yummy, tasty, good, um, delectable, for example.

  • So there are a whole range of other words that you can use if you find that you are using the same word in every sentence.

  • Try to find a different word.

  • You can use a thesaurus to help you do that.

  • So avoid using the same word in every sentence or avoid using this repeated vocabulary.

  • Words avoid use of very and really okay.

  • The next tip is to avoid the use of very and really by this, I mean, instead of saying to go back to my kick example, the cake was very delicious.

  • The cake was really delicious, very and really are sort of lazy words.

  • Of course, they're very, very useful, huh?

  • They're very, very useful when we're speaking casually and when we're thinking quickly.

  • But if you're writing and you have some time to think about what you're writing, instead of using a word that's common like delicious and just attaching very like this cake is very delicious.

  • What's a different word?

  • That means very delicious.

  • So can I replace very and delicious with one different word, like scrumptious, for example, this cake is scrumptious.

  • Scrumptious means very delicious.

  • It's only one word, so if you can do this, if you apply a a word that means the same thing as very or really plus another word.

  • It's goingto level up your vocabulary, and you're going to reduce the number of words in the sentence.

  • So if I say this cake is very delicious, or if I say this cake is scrumptious, scrumptious has a much stronger meaning than just very delicious.

  • So avoiding the use of very and really can level up your speech quite significantly.

  • So give it a try.

  • Used transition words and phrases.

  • The next tip is to use transition.

  • Words and phrases use transition words and phrases, so transition words are words and well and phrases We used to move from one idea to the next idea so continuing in my cake example.

  • If I want to introduce my scrumptious cake and then I want to move on to a description of the store that sells that cake, I might use a transition phrase or some kind of sequence phrase to help me do that.

  • So if in paragraph A, I'm talking about my scrumptious cake and how much I enjoyed it in the chocolate flavors and the amazing frosting, I could use a transition phrase.

  • For example, by the way, if you're interested, you can purchase this cake at ABC store, for example.

  • So in that case, my transition phrase was, by the way, a very casual transition phrase.

  • Depending on the kind of thing you're writing, you can use different transition phrases.

  • If you're writing an academic paper, for example, um, when you want to add information, you can say additionally, moreover, furthermore ah, you can also use Plus, if you'd like to add information, in addition, is another one that you can use.

  • So when you want to add information, there are some transition phrases or some ways to give Maur information.

  • Ah, you to describe a sequence you can say next.

  • Then following that, you can use your words like 1st 2nd 3rd 4th depending on the sequence, you can say subsequently or consequently as well.

  • So think about the relationship between the points you're introducing.

  • Think about all these different relationships.

  • How do you want to connect these ideas?

  • So instead of just listing your points each point, trying to think about how to connect those points naturally, Um, so depending on what you're writing, the words you use will change, which is fine, but just think about the way you'd like your reader to understand your information and choose transition words and phrases accordingly.

  • Organize your writing intro body conclusion.

  • Okay, the next one is a tip about organization, so the next tip is organized.

  • Your paper.

  • Organize your writing into an introduction, a body and a conclusion.

  • So these are the three basic elements of an academic paper or oven essay, perhaps an article.

  • A swell introduction is as it sounds, it's introducing the main points.

  • What are you going to talk about?

  • What is your opinion?

  • What is your argument?

  • We introduce that in the introduction, then next part is the body of the paper.

  • In other words, the main points.

  • The your real arguments, everything you would like to say about the things you introduced in your introduction.

  • This is where you get into the details of that.

  • So the body of the paper is typically the longest part of the paper, the longest part of the essay.

  • So there's a lot of information in the body section.

  • Finally, the conclusion the conclusion of the paper concludes or finishes the paper in the conclusion you will summarize your points from the body of the paper, and you should connect those points to the items you introduced in the introduction of your paper.

  • So all of these elements, these three elements should connect together.

  • So if you are finding that it's difficult to organize your thoughts or you don't know how to approach your paper or this item, maybe even an email your writing, you can try to separate it into three sort of categories.

  • Introduction Body Conclusion.

  • So introduce idea, Explain idea, summarize idea.

  • This could be very helpful in writing.

  • Avoid use of second person.

  • Okay, The next tent is avoid use of second person, second person.

  • This is going to take a little explanation.

  • So in English writing we have three is sort of ways that we can write.

  • We can write in first person, which means, for example, I went to the store.

  • I wanted to buy something.

  • I met a friend.

  • So first person, I am the person sharing the story, sharing the information in second person, which is kind of rare, actually, except in very casual styles of writing.

  • The subject of the sentence is you like you go to the store, you buy some milk, you call your friend.

  • This is kind of rare.

  • We see this in Children's books and, like I say, in sort of informal articles online, third person style writing is using he, she and character names like he went to the store.

  • She called her mother.

  • They needed to see a doctor.

  • So there are these three types of writing in English language.

  • So first person, second person, third person.

  • Generally, when you are writing especially an academic paper, you'll use first person or third person to do that.

  • If you're writing something formal, you should probably not use second person.

  • Sometimes you'll see ah, a person describing an experiment, for example, like you should submerge the item in water, or you should bake this at 350 degrees.

  • Using you is fine and casual situations when you're giving instructions.

  • For example, if you find it in a recipe, fine.

  • It's kind of sounds a bit more casual, very informal.

  • Not so important, However, if you find that you are using you, you you in an academic paper.

  • It sounds a bit too casual, too informal, So please avoid use of second person so remind your second person is the subject of the sentence is you you.

  • So it sounds like your kind of commanding the other person commanding the reader or giving advice to the reader or telling the reader what to do.

  • It sounds very odd, so avoid use of second person in your writing.

  • Consider the tense you're using.

  • The next tip is to consider the tents you're using.

  • Consider the tense you're using.

  • So I'm just going to talk about two tenses here really presents tents and past tense so we can use the present tense.

  • Ah, and the present continuous tens really, to explain a story or to tell a story like it's actually happening.

  • So if I say like I go to the store, I see a friend of mine she's buying milk.

  • For example, if I use the present tense and I used the present continuous tense, it sounds like the listener.

  • Or if it's in writing, it sounds like that's actually happening.

  • It's easier for the listener or the reader to kind of experience the story in that moment.

  • So if you want to create some tension in your writing, if you want to create some excitement, you can use the present tense on its associated tenses to kind of heighten the energy level.

  • If you use past tense, however, you might create more of a report nuance.

  • So, for example, when you watch the evening news or you read the newspaper, you might find that it's written in past tense.

  • It's just reporting information.

  • What happened so simple?

  • Past tense is used past tense, and the other associated tenses in past tense are used.

  • So when you're writing, consider what do you want the reader to feel, or what do you want the reader to experience?

  • Are you writing a report?

  • Maybe you should just use presidents.

  • Are you writing about General Fax?

  • Then, if you're writing about a general fact, you should probably use present tense.

  • But if you want to create like a fiction story, for example, and you want your reader to experience the story and kind of feel enthusiastic or energetic about your story, present, tense and maybe continuous tense with present would be a better choice.

  • So just think about which tense you're using for your right consider appropriate vocabulary.

  • The next tip is to consider appropriate vocabulary.

  • Consider appropriate vocabulary.

  • So, depending on the type of thing you're writing, there are words that are good to use, and there are words that are not so good to use.

  • If you're writing an academic paper, for example, don't use casual words.

  • Don't use curse words in your paper.

  • Don't use anything that could be interpreted or could be understood as informal.

  • If you're writing something very casual, on the other hand, it's fine to use casual words.

  • It's fine to be informal to be a little bit funny, and it might sound strange if you do use informal words or extremely polite words.

  • So consider the appropriate kinds of vocabulary words to be using.

  • Depending on what you writing.

  • Learn to use references.

  • Okay, the last tip is maybe the most difficult tip.

  • The last tip is learned to use references.

  • Learn to use references.

  • This is especially important if you are writing academic papers or if you are writing something you're going to publish in like a journal or maybe even a magazine.

  • Using references means you are using references, reading references and writing about them and including what's called a citation in your writing.

  • So you're taking a piece of something that someone else has written, putting it in quotation marks, perhaps depending on the way you choose to sight it and then adding a reference list at the end of your document to show which documents you referenced.

  • Which documents were important to you in making your argument.

  • So if you can use references in your writing to support your argument, it can be a very, very good tool.

  • So if you have just kind of an opinion piece, you want to write an article.

  • Even for the Internet, for example, it can be very, very helpful to support your argument with links to other references with links to other information about your opinion.

  • So, yes, I'm its most important.

  • It's most focused on in academics in academia, really.

  • But if you're writing, even for the Internet, learning how to reference properly, learning how to include others works properly in your work can be extremely valuable.

  • So try that out.

  • It's it's a big topic.

  • It's a difficult topic, but learning how to use references can really help you improve your writing.

  • 10 phrase over Bs for eating and drinking.

  • So let's get started.

  • Drink up.

  • The first phrase over B is drink up, drink up.

  • Drink up is a happy is a cheerful phrase we use.

  • That means let's start drinking or let's enjoy drinking or please drink so you can use it.

  • When everybody gets their drinks, you can say All right, our beers, they're here.

  • Let's drink up.

  • It means it has the nuance of drink A lot like you can also use it like it's a challenge to someone like someone who loses a bet or loses like, uh, an argument you can say Drink up is kind of a challenge.

  • It's sort of like a friendly command for drink.

  • So in sentence, our beers air here, everybody drink up.

  • Take down the next raisel verb is take down, take down, as in take down an order Take down is a phrase a ll verb that these staff like waiter or waitress, will use at the restaurant.

  • They may come to your table and say, Can I take down your order?

  • They may also say, Can I take your order?

  • Of course.

  • But to take down is like to take your order and write it down on a note pad, for example, in a notebook.

  • So take down your order.

  • You might hear this so in a sentence.

  • When you're ready, I can take down your order ring up.

  • The next word is ring up.

  • Ring up.

  • We use ring up to mean total to total something to total a bill to total the amount of something at a restaurant or shopping to, for example.

  • So again, this is a word that, Ah, wait staff the staff the restaurant may use.

  • So when you finish your meal, they will ring up your bill.

  • They will ring up your total and you will pay that amount at the end of your meal in a sentence.

  • I'll ring up your bill at the cash register, set down the next phrase over biz set down, set down.

  • So we use set down fourth items which were carrying, and then we set or we place on a table.

  • So usually there's like a downward motion.

  • If you're carrying something like you could use it for a backpack, if you want to like to set down to to drop something to leave something, but to put it it, like on a table to put it in a place specifically there so we can use set down at a restaurant like please set the plate down on the table, or can you set down my drink over there or I'll set down your order over here.

  • So set down means to place something something you were carrying to place it on a table or to place it on a desk so set down in a sentence, please set down the plates carefully cuts up the next phrase.

  • A verb is cut up.

  • Cut up.

  • We use cut up to mean cut, but cut up usually means to cut all of something.

  • So if you receive, like uH, no chicken or beef or pork or some large item, you need to cut, we say Cut up to mean cut the entire piece to cut everything you receive eso in a sentence.

  • Make sure to cut up a stake into small pieces.

  • For example, it's easier for Children to eat, or I take a long time to cut up my meat, for example, so cut up means cut everything cut into the next phrase over biz cut into so to cut into means just to make one slice into something, usually we use cut into for like the first slice, like we use it maybe to check that a something is properly cooked sometimes so like to cut into a chicken or to cut into turkey we usually use is for the first slice.

  • So the first experience, like when I cut into the chicken all the juices, came out and looked delicious.

  • I'm excited to cut into my Thanksgiving turkey this year, or I'm I'm really looking forward to cutting into that steak.

  • Later, it looked great.

  • So cut into is kind of that.

  • First, cut that initial cut where you can see maybe what the with the meat looks like, or you get you get a sense of how the rest of your meal is going to taste.

  • So cut into the first slice.

  • I want to cut into my dinner later.

  • Stop up the next phase over biz sop up stopped up, so to stop means to soak with liquid to soak with liquid to stop up.

  • Therefore, is like two to soak to soak liquid from like a bowl or from a cup or something.

  • But we use this with bread usually.

  • So, uh, if you're eating soup, for example, and there is leftover soup in your bowl, you can take bread and stop up.

  • Soak up the liquid from your soup with bread, so to stop up liquid.

  • So to soak and pick up something is be image here, so to stop up bro.

  • So, for example, I like to stop up my soup with bread.

  • Or I like to stop up extra sauce with a biscuit, for example.

  • So usually there's some bread and some sauce or liquid we use with this phrase.

  • Cool down the next phrase over.

  • Biz.

  • Cool down.

  • Cool down means to let something become lower temperature.

  • Naturally, eso to let something cool down really means to allow something to gradually go to a lower temperature.

  • If you make a pie, for example, it's very hot when it comes out of the oven.

  • So often times the recipe will say allow to cool down and serve, for example, so meaning after the pie is taken from the oven, you should let the temperature cool.

  • You should let the temperature come down before eating, so to cool down is like reducing the temperature, but just naturally over time, so in a sentence, make sure to let your mashed potatoes cool down before you try to eat them heat up, so the next phrase over is heat up, heat up.

  • We use heat up, usually to talk about microwave use or oven use so it's taking a cold food or maybe a frozen food, usually just a cold food kept in the refrigerator.

  • Put it in the microwave and turn it on to heat the food to make it warm again.

  • So to heat up is like to move the heat level up to increase the temperature of the food.

  • We use the phrase over by heat up to do this.

  • So, for example, I like to heat up my pizza before I eat it.

  • My leftover pizza.

  • Or you should heat up yesterday's soup.

  • It would be really good toe.

  • Have that tonight.

  • Or maybe we should heat up.

  • Ah, something quick for dinner tonight, so heat up means to increase the temperature of a cold thing.

  • Chow down.

  • So the next Raisel verb is sort of a slang expression.

  • It's chow down.

  • Chow down means like to eat really excitedly.

  • It's it's not a phrase over, but I personally use very much, but you can use it to express your enthusiasm for something so it's typically used for like on started junk food type things were like, really, really um, everyday foods like in the U.

  • S.

  • A.

  • It's like sandwiches or hot dogs or like something you might get it like a sporting event.

  • We'll say like I want to chow down on a sandwich later or I want to chow down on some pizza after this.

  • So to chow down is like enthusiastically eat like you're not thinking about being polite.

  • You're not worried about looking nice while you eat.

  • You're just enjoying eating very enthusiastically.

  • So, like all let's chow down on some pizza later, for example, so are, for example, like we're gonna chow down on some barbecue this weekend.

  • It'll be great and phrase a ll verbs for sports and exercise.

  • So let's go go long.

  • The first word is go long, go long.

  • We use this word when we're playing catch or when we're throwing a ball.

  • So go long means we combine the word Go with the word long meaning run far away from me, run a long distance away from me.

  • So go is travel move and long is a long distance away, so go long well, usually shout this before we pass a football, for example, before we throw a ball go, Long means I want to throw this a long distance.

  • So please run far, far away, and I will throw the ball to you.

  • It's a nice one in a sentence.

  • I'm gonna pass this next one, too.

  • You so go long.

  • Try out for, ah, the next phrase over biz tryout for Try Out for we used Try out for two mean audition like in sports, but to audition for a team to apply to be a member of a team.

  • When you do that, you usually have to show your sports your your sports sporting experience.

  • Or you have to show your athletic ability.

  • So to try out for is like a test to join a team like I want to try out for the volleyball team next year.

  • Or she says she's going to try out for golf next year.

  • Or have you thought about trying out for the swim team, for example?

  • So to try out for a team to try out for a sport, this is how we can use.

  • Try out for work up the next phrase a ll verb is work up as in work up a sweat, Work up a sweat we use work up a sweat to mean cause your body to sweat because of exercise So by doing something active, like doing sports or running for example Anything active with your body we cause our bodies to sweat and we used the expression work up a sweat to express that we use work because we're working and we're moving Our bodies were active We are working our bodies Our bodies are working, They're moving, they're functioning.

  • So we use work up a sweat Our bodies air working and the temperature maybe increases So our bodies starts to sweat to try to cool us down So we say Work up a sweat to describe this Um, in some example sentences Mm.

  • I tried to work up a sweat A T's twice a week Or how often do you work up a sweat?

  • Or it feels really good to work up a good sweat now and then.

  • Yeah, root for the next expression is root for root for we use route for at sporting events, so root for means support a team.

  • So to root for like I'm going to root for the football team or I'm going to root for my country's team or I'm going to root for my city's team.

  • Route four means support.

  • So I like to root for my college team every year, or I like to root for my college football team every year.

  • That's true.

  • Or which team do you want to root for this weekend?

  • Work off the next phrase over biz.

  • Work off, work off.

  • So we talked about work up like work up a sweat.

  • But here the word is work off.

  • We usually use this to talk about calories, so I want to work off the cheesecake.

  • I ate for a dessert last night.

  • I want to work off the burrito I had for lunch today.

  • Work off means a food you ate, and we we use the word work off to mean work our bodies, as in work through exercise and work off.

  • So we want to take off from our bodies.

  • The calories we added to it by eating so example sentences would be, Yeah, I want to work off the cheesecake I ate last night.

  • I want to work off all the pizza that I ate last weekend.

  • Or, um, do you want to come with me?

  • I'm gonna go work off all these ice creams I've been eating lately.

  • For example, so work off means to exercise with the intention of taking off for taking away calories from food.

  • So if you're dieting or if you're trying to become healthy or you just want to exercise away is some extra calories you can use the expression work off to work off a food to work off some calories, cheer on cheer for the next expression, or maybe pair of expressions is cheer on or cheer for.

  • So I talked about the word root for and cheer on and cheer for our very similar.

  • We use them in pretty much the same way.

  • So we use cheer on ah, usually before a team name like I'm going to cheer on my high school team, where I'm going to cheer on my son or daughter's team this weekend.

  • We can also use cheer for I'm going to cheer for my high school team.

  • I'm going to cheer for my college team because we're using the word cheer.

  • It sounds like we're going to use our voice or use our bodies to support that team.

  • You can maybe see ah, great example of this among cheerleaders.

  • Eso You see cheerleaders a lot in movies, especially from the USA there, men and women, actually.

  • But they wear a uniform and their role.

  • Their purpose is to, uh, help the audience cheer for that team to cheer for the team that they are connected to.

  • So a cheer leader is a person who leads cheering at a sporting event.

  • So to cheer for someone, or to cheer on someone a team we can use cheer on and cheer for to talk about supporting with your voice or with some kind of dance, for example.

  • So ah, cheer on and cheer for are really fun things that you can use to talk about supporting your favorite teams knockout.

  • Ah, the next expression is knock out, knock out or you might see ko as well.

  • Knock out means to usually threw a punch or through some kind of physical action to cause someone to lose consciousness so it doesn't mean to kill someone.

  • It doesn't mean someone dies, For example, it means to cause someone to become unconscious or unconscious.

  • It's like going to sleep, but it's kind of it's dangerous, like because of a head injury.

  • Usually, ah, person goes unconscious or they they fall asleep.

  • It appears they fall asleep.

  • But you see this in boxing, for example, a knockout.

  • A ko is someone.

  • Yeah, becomes maybe unconscious.

  • So they fall down, for example, and they don't get back up.

  • That's a KO to knock out your opponent.

  • So we see this a lot in boxing, perhaps in other sports occasionally.

  • But I think primarily it's used in boxing.

  • So to knock out your opponent or uh, like he's going to try to knock out his opponents in the last round.

  • Or did you see that guy get knocked out last night?

  • You can use knock out outside of sports, but it's usually used for fights.

  • Like, um, I saw a guy get knocked out outside a bar last night so we can use this outside of sports.

  • But it's usually for, like, fighting situations.

  • Okay, workout the next phrase over biz.

  • Work out, work out.

  • This is one that many people seem thio struggle with when they see it, so it does not mean it has no connection to actually working.

  • To work out means to exercise, to exercise.

  • We use this as a set phrase workout.

  • It means exercise.

  • That's it.

  • So I want to work out three times a week.

  • Or I went to the gym for a workout last night.

  • Or do you wanna work out with me this weekend?

  • Work out means exercise always warm up.

  • The next expression is warm up.

  • Warm up so warm, meaning warm your body, so increase your body's temperature and up, meaning to increase something again.

  • So warm, becoming warm and up temperature like increasing temperature.

  • So before you begin a some kind of exercise or some activity, it's common to begin with a warm up, a short kind of easy exercise to prepare your body to work out to exercise, so a warm up is often included in an exercise routine.

  • Warm up is the phrase over.

  • We use so example sentences.

  • I like to do a five minute warm up before I go jogging.

  • Or what do you usually do for your warm up?

  • Or I think it's really important to do a warm up before you start working out cool down all right.

  • The last one for today is cool down.

  • Cool down is really the opposite of warm up, so we use warm up to explain raising our body's temperature before we do a workout.

  • Cool down is used to explain cooling the body's temperature after a workout, reducing our energy levels after a workout.

  • For example.

  • I think it's important to take five minutes to cool down after your workout.

  • Or what kind of things do you recommend for cooling down after your exercise?

  • Hi, everybody.

  • My name is Alicia.

  • In this lesson, we're going to talk about some expressions you can use to talk about your abilities, so I'm going to introduce some expressions you can use for the past, for the present and for the future.

  • These are just a few examples of some ways you can talk about the things you can could and will be able to do.

  • So let's take a look with a few examples of each pattern.

  • Okay, let's start with the 1st 1 I can, plus a verb.

  • So here the subject in the sample pattern is I.

  • But we can replace I with, for example, he or she or it or they.

  • The same is true for all of the other patterns I'm going to introduce in this lesson.

  • So we use I can plus a verb as sort of the basic, most simple way to express something we are able to do.

  • So example sentences.

  • I can speak English.

  • My verb here is speak in this case.

  • So this could be something many of you.

  • Can you another example here?

  • I've changed the subject to Shi Shi so she can.

  • My verb is run.

  • She can run five k five k beating five kilometers in 30 minutes.

  • So these are just some simple, very basic ways to express something we can do we're able to do.

  • Of course, we can use the negative for this.

  • I can't speak English.

  • I can't speak Chinese, for example, or she can't run five k in 30 minutes.

  • We can make the negative with this pattern too.

  • So this is maybe the most basic way to express something you can do you are able to do.

  • Let's look at another one.

  • This expression is I know how to plus a verb.

  • I know how to do something so we can use the same verbs we used in the first pattern in this pattern, if you like, for example, I know how to speak English is fine.

  • However we use know how to do something for something that requires, like, study or something that requires maybe a process.

  • There are rules for that thing, so a sentence like I know how to run.

  • Five K.

  • It's not quite so natural, because running isn't really necessarily a topic of study.

  • Running requires practice, yes, but it's not really something we study.

  • So we use know how to do something for something.

  • We have learned how to do so not necessarily physical practice of something.

  • But we have learned this thing.

  • So some examples.

  • I know how to use photo shop.

  • So photo shop is a piece of software, something we can study something.

  • We learn how to use another example.

  • He knows how to bake cookies.

  • So here, this is something we need to study.

  • In other words, so there's a process to baking cookies.

  • He knows how to bake cookies.

  • So please keep in mind, as we see in this example, when we change the subject from I to, for example, he she or it the following verb.

  • No needs to change.

  • We need to modify the verb.

  • So it has an s at the end.

  • He knows how to bake cookies.

  • So don't forget this s, however, this burb does not change.

  • He knows how to bake cookies so we don't need to modify this for will only modify the 1st 1 which is attached to he the subject.

  • Okay, so this is for a process, something we study to become able to do.

  • Now let's talk about a couple of past tense example.

  • So these two are maybe present tense expressions.

  • Let's talk about some past tense example sentences.

  • The 1st 1 when I was a kid, I could and our verb So here I've said when I was a kid, you can change this.

  • Of course, when I was a student, when I was an elementary school student, when I lived in a different city, for example, so this part can change to a different time period in your life.

  • However, here I'm using the past tense.

  • Could I could So this implies this suggests that maybe this action is not possible for you.

  • Now let's look at some examples So when I was a kid, I could swim all day long.

  • So this sentence sounds like now I can't really, um, it's It's just a simple expression.

  • With past tense.

  • I could I could.

  • So maybe the speaker is going to share some or information about their current ability.

  • But here I've used when I was a kid again.

  • You can change this to like, when I was, uh, in Swimming Club, for example, I could swim all day long, so there are a lot of different variations you can use with this powder.

  • Anyway, let's look at another example when you work it.

  • So maybe if a parent wants to talk to their son or daughter about their childhood, they can use this expression.

  • So when you were a kid, you could sleep for 12 hours straight.

  • SOS, 12 hours straight means 12 hours nonstop.

  • So you is my subject here when you therefore waas.

  • In my example, pattern changes to were when you were a kid, you could sleep for 12 hours straight.

  • So again, this is a past tense expression.

  • Let's look at one more past tense expression maybe you're familiar with used to used to so I used to be able to do something.

  • So where the action is a verb here, So here we have used to.

  • So maybe, you know, I used to followed by just a simple verb.

  • So, like I used to cook every day or I used to exercise every day here we introduced.

  • I used to be able to.

  • This expression allows us to explain an ability we had in the past, So let's look at some examples.

  • I used to be able to speak Spanish.

  • Here is my verb to speak Spanish used to shows, Ah, long time ago.

  • In the past, I had this ability, but now I do not.

  • So remember the nuance of used to is that something was true in the past, and it is not true now.

  • I used to also please consider the pronunciation here so not used to.

  • But native speakers connect the D and the T sound at the end of Yuste and too, so it's not used to, but used to used to.

  • There's just one sound they're used to.

  • So think of it as dropping the d used to.

  • I used to do something.

  • One more example.

  • She used to be able to baby sit, meaning her schedule maybe has changed.

  • Now she cannot baby sit.

  • So here we have some expressions with use to to a talk about a past ability.

  • Okay, finally, let's end with one example Ah, pattern that you can use to talk about future possibilities or future abilities So you can use this when you want to make a guess about the future.

  • So something you think you might be able to do in the future.

  • So the base pattern is in the future will be able to verb.

  • So here I have we in my example we will.

  • So wheel is the contracted form of we will and I've used we.

  • In this case, we means all people, all people, all members of society.

  • We together.

  • So some examples of this in the future we'll be able to use a eye technology A I so artificial intelligence Ai ai technology in the future will be able to use a eye technology.

  • So you might wonder, why am I using will here, instead of like going to, For example, we use will when we're making a guess about the future that we can't really see so we can't see what's going to happen in the future, and maybe we don't have such a strong level of confidence.

  • We don't have a super high level of confidence about our guests in those cases, we can use will.

  • So these are nice to talk about capabilities, things we are able to do or, in this case, things we might be able to do in the future.

  • So this is a sentence you can use to make a prediction to make a guess.

  • Let's look at one more example said this.

  • Okay, in the future, we'll be able to travel to space.

  • So here again, I'm making a guess about space travel.

  • So I don't have a high level of confidence because I don't know very much about space travel.

  • But I want to make a guess.

  • In the future, we'll be able to travel to space.

  • If you want to decrease the level of confidence of your guests, you can include I think, for example, in the future I think we'll be able to travel space so you can change the level of your confidence of your guests of by introducing some other phrases like I think.

  • Or maybe.

  • All right, so these are a few ways that you can express your abilities in the past, the present and in the future, these air just a couple of different patterns to do that.

  • But please be careful.

  • Some things that I've noticed are that often students will mix up the present tense can and past tense could.

  • So make sure to use past tense.

  • When you're talking about your abilities in the past on, make sure to use present tense for the things you are able to do now.

  • Okay, the basic definition of the verb past is to move beyond someone or something.

  • Examples.

  • Let's pass this car.

  • I passed you on campus earlier, So let's talk about the congregations of this firm.

  • Present pass passes past past past participle past progressive passing.

  • Okay, so now let's talk about some additional meetings for this verb.

  • The first additional meaning is to decline something.

  • So, for example, let's imagine a conversation between two people a want some cake be.

  • I'll pass seconds.

  • Example.

  • I'm gonna pass on drinks tonight, Okay, so in both of these examples situations, we see someone declining.

  • They used the expression I'll pass or I'm going to pass.

  • So to pass means like to refuse or to decline something.

  • It's kind of gentle, but it's just quick also.

  • So it's very clear, but rather gentle to like.

  • Ah, do you want to go for drinks and I'll pass or I'm gonna pass on that for tonight.

  • Something like that.

  • It's very quick and easy to understand, but also a casual No, in other words, okay, let's go to these second meaning for this firm.

  • The second meaning is to go beyond an amount or to go beyond a specific day.

  • Some examples of this our channel passed one million subscribers this year.

  • Don't eat that.

  • I think the expiration date is passed.

  • So in both of these example sentences, we see that some amount or some date has been moved beyond so in the first example sentence.

  • Our channel passed one million subscribers this year.

  • It means our channel went beyond one million subscribers.

  • So there was some goal or some 0.1 million in this case, and we went above that or beyond that in the second example sentence.

  • It's a date, specifically the expiration date for a product or you might know like the best by date.

  • It's sometimes it's different, but the expiration date is like the last day that the product can be eaten or the last safe day to consume the product.

  • So the expiration date has past means that the product is beyond that date.

  • So in both of these examples were seeing some amount or some specific day on.

  • And then we're talking about going beyond that.

  • So this is another meaning of the verb past.

  • The third meeting is to be successful, as in a test or an application, something like that.

  • Examples of this I passed the test.

  • If the House passes inspection, we can move in next week, so most of these are referring to successfully completing something or like successfully like achieving something.

  • So in the first example I passed the test.

  • It means I finished the test and I had an acceptable score.

  • But we use past is much easier to explain with Pass in the second example, sentence about a house inspection thes situation is, if we pass the inspection, so meaning if the house is inspected and it's considered acceptable, we can move in next week, so this means like there's some kind of check, some kind of like grading or inspection or examination, and if that's okay, great, like we're successful.

  • So this is another meaning of pass.

  • The fourth meaning is to give something.

  • This is usually within, like the range of our bodies.

  • So some examples of this can you pass me the salt?

  • She passed him $100.

  • So when both of these examples were kind of imagining situations where people are pretty close to each other, so can you pass me?

  • The salt is a request, like maybe you're sitting at the same table with someone and you can reach them with your arm or you can reach pretty close to them.

  • Anyway.

  • In the second example sentence, she passed him $100.

  • It's like they must be pretty close.

  • They're probably pretty close.

  • There is some object they could pass so they could give to the other person.

  • Ah, within arm's reach, within distance of their arms.

  • So past could just mean to give something like this motion usually like passing something.

  • It's kind of this image, so there are a few additional meanings of the verb past.

  • Let's go on to some variations.

  • The 1st 1 is to pass something off as something else.

  • So this expression means to make something seem like something else, or to pretend that something is something else.

  • This sounds like quite a long expression, but let's look at some examples of how it's used.

  • He tried to pass off his dog as a wolf.

  • The criminal was trying to pass off $1 bills as $100 bills.

  • So in both of these examples, we see someone is pretending.

  • Object A is object.

  • Be in the first example sentence.

  • There's a guy who's trying to pretend his dog A is a wolf, so it's not really a wolf.

  • He's pretending it's just a dog.

  • In the second example, Sentence a criminal is trying to pass off is pretending that $1 bills aren't $100 bills.

  • So trying to pass off means like maybe they're making some kind of effort to persuade people that owe object a really is object B.

  • But in many cases, it's pretty easy to see.

  • It's not really object to be so to pass something off as something else.

  • Okay, let's go on to the second variation for this, for the second variation is the expression to pass out to pass out.

  • This expression means to fall asleep, but it means to fall asleep because you're extremely tired.

  • You're sick or you're drunk usually, so there's it's not quite a usual.

  • It's not like it's not like the typical fall asleep.

  • Kind of gently, calmly pass out is like You're just so tired or it's like You have no control.

  • It's just it's It's like a strong kind of rough version of falling asleep passing out.

  • So examples of this I almost passed out on the bus.

  • One of my co workers passed out in her desk today.

  • Yes, so as we talked about these air, both examples of situations where it's kind of like a rough way to fall asleep, like, almost passed out on the bus like the images, I was so tired.

  • I was sitting on the bus and I just almost completely fell asleep.

  • I didn't plan to, really.

  • In the second example, a coworker passed out at their desk.

  • It's like someone was so tired.

  • They're sleeping at their desk, so it's kind of a rough image of falling asleep The third variation for this verb is to pass up to pass up.

  • This means to not take advantage of a chance or an opportunity.

  • So means like toe.

  • Let something go toe, let an opportunity go.

  • Examples.

  • You passed up a raise.

  • Why, for some reason, he passed up a full scholarship.

  • Okay, so both of these are examples of situations that seem to present a big chance or a big opportunity.

  • But we're using the expression passed up in the first example we saw pass up a raise.

  • You passed up a raise.

  • Why?

  • Like why would you not take the race?

  • So why would you let go?

  • The chance for a raise So you have the chance to earn more money.

  • A raise means more money.

  • You have the chance to earn more money.

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あなたのマンスリー・ドーズ・オブ・イングリッシュ 2019年11月のベスト (Your Monthly Dose of English - Best of November 2019)

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