Even more than that,

皆さんは他人の注意力を 自由に操れると思いますか？

what about predicting human behavior?

さらに ―

I think those are interesting ideas, if you could.

行動の予測は できるでしょうか？

I mean, for me, that would be the perfect superpower,

可能なら面白いですよね

actually kind of an evil way of approaching it.

それは本物の超能力でしょうし

But for myself, in the past, I've spent the last 20 years

悪用だってできるはずです

studying human behavior from a rather unorthodox way:

私は この20年間 人間の行動を

picking pockets.

普通とは違ったやり方で 研究してきました

When we think of misdirection,

「スリ」を通してです

we think of something as looking off to the side,

ミスディレクションというと

when actually it's often the things that are right in front of us

人の視線をそらすことだと 思われがちですが

that are the hardest things to see,

実際 一番目に入りにくいのは

the things that you look at every day that you're blinded to.

目の前のものだし

For example, how many of you still have your cell phones

普段 目にするものこそ 見えなくなりがちです

on you right now?

例えば 皆さんは

Great. Double-check.

今 携帯を持っていますか？

Make sure you still have them on you.

ちゃんとあるか確認してください

I was doing some shopping beforehand.

ちゃんとあるか確認してください

Now you've looked at them probably a few times today,

さっき私が 盗ったかも知れませんよ

but I'm going to ask you a question about them.

今日 何度か 見ているはずです

Without looking at your cell phone directly yet,

そこで質問です

can you remember the icon in the bottom right corner?

画面を見ずに

Bring them out, check, and see how accurate you were.

右下のアイコンを 思い出せますか？

How'd you do? Show of hands. Did we get it?

当たっているか 確認してください

Now that you're done looking at those, close them down,

どうですか？ 当たった人は手を上げて

because every phone has something in common.

さあ 終わったら閉じて

No matter how you organize the icons,

どの携帯にも共通点があります

you still have a clock on the front.

アイコンをどう並べようと

So, without looking at your phone, what time was it?

目立つのが時計です

You just looked at your clock, right?

では携帯を見ずに 時間が言えますか？

It's an interesting idea. Now, I'll ask you to take that a step further with a game of trust.

さっき時計も 見えたはずです

Close your eyes.

面白いでしょう 今度は信頼関係が必要です

I realize I'm asking you to do that while you just heard

目を閉じて

there's a pickpocket in the room, but close your eyes.

あえてお願いします

Now, you've been watching me for about 30 seconds.

ここにはスリがいますけど

With your eyes closed, what am I wearing?

皆さんは私の姿を 30秒は見ましたよね

Make your best guess.

目を閉じたまま 服装を思い出せますか？

What color is my shirt? What color is my tie?

よく考えて

Now open your eyes.

シャツの色は？ ネクタイの色は？

By a show of hands, were you right?

では目を開けて

It's interesting, isn't it? Some of us are a little bit

当たった人は手を上げてください

more perceptive than others. It seems that way.

人によって観察力が 違うせいだと

But I have a different theory about that, that model of attention.

思うかも知れません

They have fancy models of attention, Posner's trinity model of attention.

でも私は注意を そうは捉えていません

For me, I like to think of it very simple, like a surveillance system.

ポズナーの注意モデルなど 複雑な捉え方もありますが

It's kind of like you have all these fancy sensors,

私はもっと単純な 監視システムの様なものだと思います

and inside your brain is a little security guard.

人間には いろいろな センサーが備わっていて

For me, I like to call him Frank.

頭の中に小さな警備員がいます

So Frank is sitting at a desk.

私はフランクと呼んでいます

He's got all sorts of cool information in front of him,

フランクはデスクで監視します

high-tech equipment, he's got cameras,

彼の目の前にはあらゆる情報と

he's got a little phone that he can pick up, listen to the ears,

ハイテク機器があります

all these senses, all these perceptions.

カメラも音声マイクもあって

But attention is what steers your perceptions,

あらゆる知覚 感覚が利用できます

is what controls your reality. It's the gateway to the mind.

でも何を知覚するかを決定し

If you don't attend to something, you can't be aware of it.

その人の現実を操るのは 心への入口である「注意」なのです

But ironically, you can attend to something without being aware of it.

注目していなければ 気付きません

That's why there's the cocktail effect:

ただ皮肉にも 無意識に 注目することがあります

When you're in a party, you're having conversations with someone,

「カクテルパーティー効果」です

and yet you can recognize your name

パーティーで誰かと話していても

and you didn't even realize you were listening to that.

他人の会話に

Now, for my job, I have to play with techniques to exploit this,

自分の名前が出ると 聞いてないのにわかります

to play with your attention as a limited resource.

私の仕事では 注意に限りがあることを

So if I could control how you spend your attention,

利用したテクニックを使います

if I could maybe steal your attention through a distraction.

相手が注意をむける方向を操作し

Now, instead of doing it like misdirection

気を散らして 注意を奪えばいいんです

and throwing it off to the side,

私はミスディレクションや 人の視線をそらすような ―

instead, what I choose to focus on is Frank,

手段を使うのではなく

to be able to play with the Frank inside your head,

皆さんの頭の中にいる ―

your little security guard,

小さな警備員の フランクを利用します

and get you, instead of focusing on your external senses,

小さな警備員の フランクを利用します

just to go internal for a second.

外界からの刺激に 集中させないようにして

So if I ask you to access a memory, like, what is that?

少しの間 頭の中に 注意を向けさせるのです

What just happened? Do you have a wallet?

私が記憶を たどるように仕向けて ―

Do you have an American Express in your wallet?

何が起きた？ 財布はある？

And when I do that, your Frank turns around.

クレジットカードは？ などと

He accesses the file. He has to rewind the tape.

たずねると フランクは後ろを向きます

And what's interesting is, he can't rewind the tape

彼は記憶を 巻き戻して確認します

at the same time that he's trying to process new data.

面白いことに 記憶を確認しつつ

Now, I mean, this sounds like a good theory,

新しい情報を 処理することはできません

but I could talk for a long time and tell you lots of things,

もっともな理論でしょう

and they may be true, a portion of them,

詳しく話してもいいですが

but I think it's better if I tried to show that to you here live.

だいたいは正しいと思います

So if I come down, I'm going to do a little bit of shopping.

実際に 見ていただきましょう

Just hold still where you are.

そちらに行って 品定めしましょう

Hello, how are you? It's lovely to see you.

皆さんはそのまま座っていて

You did a wonderful job onstage.

やあ こんにちは お会いできて光栄です

You have a lovely watch that doesn't come off very well.

あなたの発表は素晴らしかった

Do you have your ring as well?

外れにくそうな時計です

Good. Just taking inventory. You're like a buffet.

指輪もしていますね

It's hard to tell where to start, there's so many great things.

まだ調べているだけです 選り取り見取りですね

Hi, how are you? Good to see you.

色々あって目移りしますよ

Hi, sir, could you stand up for me, please? Just right where you are.

こんにちは

Oh, you're married. You follow directions well.

ちょっとその場に 立っていただけますか

That's nice to meet you, sir.

結婚されているんですね

You don't have a whole lot inside your pockets. Anything down by the pocket over here?

どうもありがとう

Hopefully so. Have a seat. There you go. You're doing well.

ポケットには あまり入っていません こちらには何かあるかな？

Hi, sir, how are you?

だといいんですが どうぞお座りください

Good to see you, sir. You have a ring, a watch.

こんにちは

Do you have a wallet on you? Joe: I don't.

指輪と時計を持っていますね

Apollo Robbins: Well, we'll find one for you.

財布は持ってますか？ Joe: いいえ

Come on up this way, Joe.

AR: 今 見つけてあげますよ

Give Joe a round of applause.

こちらに来てください

Come on up Joe. Let's play a game.

皆さん ジョーに拍手を

(Applause)

こちらでゲームをしましょう

Pardon me.

（拍手）

I don't think I need this clicker anymore. You can have that.

通りますよ

Thank you very much. I appreciate that.

もうリモコンは要りませんね

Come on up to the stage, Joe. Let's play a little game now.

ありがとうございます

Do you have anything in your front pockets? Joe: Money.

ジョー あがってください ちょっとゲームをしましょう

AR: Money. All right, let's try that.

前ポケットに何か入れてますか？ Joe: お金が

Can you stand right over this way for me?

AR: お金ですね やってみましょう

Turn around and, let's see,

こちらに立っていただけますか

if I give you something that belongs to me,

前を向いてください

this is just something I have, a poker chip.

私から渡すものがあります

Hold out your hand for me. Watch it kind of closely.

ポーカーで使うチップです

Now this is a task for you to focus on.

手を出してください よく見ていてください

Now you have your money in your front pocket here? Joe: Yup.

これを見張るのが あなたの役目です

AR: Good. I'm not going to actually put my hand in your pocket.

お金は前ポケットですね Joe: はい

I'm not ready for that kind of commitment.

AR: なるほど ポケットに手は入れません

One time a guy had a hole in his pocket,

まだそこまでの関係ではないので

and that was rather traumatizing for me.

以前 お客さんのポケットの中に

I was looking for his wallet and he gave me his phone number.

穴が開いていて それ以来のトラウマです

It was a big miscommunication.

私は財布を捜していたのに

So let's do this simply. Squeeze your hand.

彼が電話番号をよこすんです

Squeeze it tight. Do you feel the poker chip in your hand? Joe: I do.

やることは簡単 手を握ってください

AR: Would you be surprised if I could take it out of your hand? Say yes.

チップはまだありますか？ Joe: はい

Joe: Very. AR: Good.

AR: 私が抜きとったら ビックリしますよね

Open your hand. Thank you very much.

Joe: 確かに AR: 結構 ―

I'll cheat if you give me a chance.

じゃあ手を開いてください

Make it harder for me. Just use your hand.

チャンスがあったら やりますよ

Grab my wrist, but squeeze, squeeze firm.

難易度を上げて あなたの手だけを使います

Did you see it go?

私の手首をつかんで強く握って

Joe: No. AR: No, it's not here. Open your hand.

消えたのがわかりましたか？

See, while we're focused on the hand,

Joe: いいえ AR: もう無くなってますよ

it's sitting on your shoulder right now.

手を見ている間に

Go ahead and take it off.

チップはあなたの肩の上です

Now, let's try that again.

どうぞとってください

Hold your hand out flat. Open it up all the way.

さあ もう一度

Put your hand up a little bit higher, but watch it close there, Joe.

手を開いて まっすぐ伸ばして

See, if I did it slowly, it'd be back on your shoulder.

もう少し高くあげて でもしっかり注目して

(Laughter)

ほら 私がゆっくりやっても チップはまた肩の上です

Joe, we're going to keep doing this till you catch it.

（笑）

You're going to get it eventually. I have faith in you.

あなたがチップを とれるまでやりますよ

Squeeze firm. You're human, you're not slow.

そのうちとれるはずです

It's back on your shoulder.

しっかり握って あなたはのろまなんかじゃない

You were focused on your hand. That's why you were distracted.

肩の上に戻っていますよ

While you were watching this, I couldn't quite get your watch off. It was difficult.

手に集中していて 気を取られたんです

Yet you had something inside your front pocket.

あなたが見ている間は 時計をとったりするのは無理です

Do you remember what it was?

ところで 前ポケットに 何があったか ―

Joe: Money.

覚えていますか？

AR: Check your pocket. See if it's still there. Is it still there? (Laughter)

Joe: お金です

Oh, that's where it was. Go ahead and put it away.

AR: 調べてください まだありますか？　（笑）

We're just shopping. This trick's more about the timing, really.

ありましたね またしまっておいて

I'm going to try to push it inside your hand.

この実演はタイミングが鍵です

Put your other hand on top for me, would you?

あなたの手の中に入れますね

It's amazingly obvious now, isn't it?

もう片方の手を重ねてください

It looks a lot like the watch I was wearing, doesn't it?

今度はわかり易いですよね

(Laughter) (Applause)

私がしている時計に 見覚えは？

Joe: That's pretty good. That's pretty good. AR: Oh, thanks.

（笑）（拍手）

But it's only a start. Let's try it again, a little bit differently.

Joe: 本当にすごい AR: ありがとう

Hold your hands together. Put your other hand on top.

でもまだほんの序の口です 少し違うことをしましょう

Now if you're watching this little token,

手を重ねてください

this obviously has become a little target. It's like a red herring.

今 チップに注目しているでしょうが

If we watch this kind of close, it looks like it goes away.

明らかに注意を そらすためのターゲットです

It's not back on your shoulder.

近くで見ていると 無くなったように見えます

It falls out of the air, lands right back in the hand.

肩の上ではありませんよ

Did you see it go?

どこからともなく 手の中に落ちてきます

Yeah, it's funny. We've got a little guy. He's union. He works up there all day.

無くなるところは見えました？

If I did it slowly, if it goes straightaway,

面白いでしょ 相棒が一日中 上にいるんです

it lands down by your pocket. I believe is it in this pocket, sir?

ゆっくりやったとしても

No, don't reach in your pocket. That's a different show.

ポケットの中に入ります ここにありますね？

So -- (Squeaking noise) -- that's rather strange. They have shots for that.

手は入れないで その手のショーではないので

Can I show them what that is? That's rather bizarre. Is this yours, sir?

さて ― （鳴き声） みんな考えてますよ

I have no idea how that works. We'll just send that over there.

皆さんに見せていいですか？ おかしいな これはあなたの？

That's great. I need help with this one.

どうしたんだろう チップを送っただけなのに

Step over this way for me.

結構です もう一つ手伝ってください

Now don't run away. You had something down by your pants pocket.

こちらに来てください

I was checking mine. I couldn't find everything,

逃げないで ポケットの中に何かありますね

but I noticed you had something here.

自分のを確認したら どうも何か足りません

Can I feel the outside of your pocket for a moment?

何か入っているみたいです

Down here I noticed this. Is this something of yours, sir?

外から触ってみてもいいですか？

Is this? I have no idea. That's a shrimp.

何かあります これはあなたのですか？

Joe: Yeah. I'm saving it for later.

なぜだろう エビが入ってる

AR: You've entertained all of these people in a wonderful way,

Joe: 後で食べようと思って

better than you know.

AR: 皆 楽しんでくれました あなたのおかげです

So we'd love to give you this lovely watch as a gift. (Laughter)

自分で気づかないうちにね

Hopefully it matches his taste.

だから この素敵な時計を プレゼントします（笑）

But also, we have a couple of other things,

気に入るはずですよ

a little bit of cash, and then we have a few other things.

それから まだあります

These all belong to you,

現金が少しと それからこれも

along with a big round of applause from all your friends. (Applause)

全部あなたのものです

Joe, thank you very much.

皆さんからの 大きな拍手もね（拍手）

(Applause)

ジョー どうもありがとう

So, same question I asked you before,

（拍手）

but this time you don't have to close your eyes.

さて 先程と同じ質問をしましょう

What am I wearing?

でも今度は目を閉じなくていいです

(Laughter)

私の服装は？

(Applause)

（笑）

Attention is a powerful thing.

（拍手）

Like I said, it shapes your reality.

注意力は強力です

So, I guess I'd like to pose that question to you.

注意力が人間の現実を生み出します

If you could control somebody's attention,

最後にこんな質問をしましょう

what would you do with it?

もし誰かの注意力を自由に操れるなら

Thank you.

あなたなら何をしますか？

(Applause)

どうもありがとう