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Lets talk about docking, aka berthing and mooring a ship.
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Now we are almost year 2020 and yes we are still securing ships by ropes.
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There's more advance method like magnetic plates or mechanical levers but overall, 99%
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of ships from big to small are still using ropes.
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Mechanical moorings are inferior to ropes because they're just not as elastic, which
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is important to counteract the tide and waves.
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So let start from the top when the ship approach the port, the local maritime pilot climbs
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onboard the ship to assist us in docking.
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They have the local knowledge of the area, they know their own port the best, where's
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the shallow water, dangerous areas, the tide , the draft.
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What they do is similar to valet parking.
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And the bridge team as usual do their job, slowly and safely bringing the ship to the berth
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While all that's happening up on the bridge,
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The Forward and After mooring parties ,already standing by at the bow and stern of ship,
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starts to prepare the mooring lines and hydraulic equipment.
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Now small boats are able to dock pretty fast,
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but for big ships it takes hours to bring the ship alongside.
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Tugs are always available to assist.
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They can either push on the ship's hull or have a tug line attached to the ship's bollards to pull.
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The main reason for using tugs is because when ship is docking at slow speeds, its hard
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for such a big ship to move or spin itself around.
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Some ships might use up to 4 tugs
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Certain sections of the ship are reinforced so that the tugs can push on it without damaging
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or denting the ship, its usually around the both sides bow shoulders and stern quarters.
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Same thing applies when pulling, tugs can only be pulled where there are bollards built.
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So In order to pass the big mooring lines onto land, We first send a smaller line called
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the heaving line with a monkey fist.
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The monkey fist is pretty heavy so we make sure it is clear before throwing it, avoid
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hitting anyone
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Usually a forklift is used to move the heavy mooring lines, but in some places, they don't
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even use a forklift, straight up muscle power.
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Ofcourse it is much safer and efficient if you have one.
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Each of these mooring lines have an eye that goes onto a bollard.
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It all seem pretty primitive, throwing things here and there, but why fix something if its
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not broken?
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Sailors have been doing this for thousands of years.
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So These drums adjust to make fast the ropes.
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We do this for all the lines, unwind and roll out the moorings
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so that the shore workers can pull them onto a bollard, then tighten to secure line.
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Oh!
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The mooring winch is the same one used in anchor system, we switch between the two with
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a simple clutch.
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If you haven't yet, check out my anchor video for detail explanation of how the hydraulic
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system works.
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One by one the lines roll out and roll back in, its one of the more labour-intensive work
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because sometimes you have to use man power to pull the lines on the deck.
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As the officer in charge, my duty is to use the radio and relay the captain's orders
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from the bridge to give commands to the crew working the lines.
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All at same time, making sure they everyone is working in a safe manner and..just not
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get hurt, this is especially important for snap backs and bights, because think of the
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size of ropes, a jerk or jump of the rope has the force of a canon ball, its often fatal.
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And you might be thinking why is there so many lines in different direction?
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Well here we are using the standard mooring arrangement, known as the 422.
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There are tons of other less common mooring arrangements out there, such as the Baltic
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moor, Running moor, Standing moor, Single point moor, Multi buoy moor and Ship to Ship
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Moor.
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But!!!
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In this video we will only cover 422 the standard and most commonly used one by large cargo
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ships.
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Its 2 Spring lines that runs along the ship's longitudinal in reverse, to hold forward and
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backwards movement.
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2 breast lines horizontally to hold horizontal forces.
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4 Head and Stern lines holding the bow and stern in.
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Because of the effects of tide and cargo loading, The ship's crew will have to keep checking
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the tightness of the ropes and adjust accordingly.
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And finally, to cast off, just slack off the lines and shore workers will lift the eye
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of the mooring ropes off the bollards.
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As always, if you got any questions, comment down below join the discussion.
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Give this video a thumbs up and ill see you guys next time.