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This wouldn't be a youtube channel without a cat video - so without further ado, we present:
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Schrodinger's cat.
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I'm sure you've heard some version of this famous thought experiment: you put a cat in
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a bunker with some unstable gunpowder that has a 50% chance of blowing up in the next
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minute, and 50% chance of doing nothing. [the gunpowder is Einstein's version - Schrodinger
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preferred poisonous gas] So until we look in the bunker, we don't know whether the cat
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is dead or alive, and when we do look, it is either dead or alive. But if we repeat
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the experiment enough times with enough cats and bunkers and gunpowder, we'll see that
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half the time kitty survives, and half the time kitty goes bye-bye. The quantum mechanical
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interpretation is that before we look, the cat is in a superposition - it's both dead
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AND alive - and our act of looking forces nature's decision. So our curiosity kills
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the cat.
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But what about the cat's perspective? Well, the cat either sees the gunpowder explode,
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or not – so inside the bunker we actually have these two possibilities: "the powder
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exploded and the cat saw it explode" or "the powder didn't explode and the cat didn't see
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it explode". There's no option: "the powder exploded and the cat didn't see it explode"
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- so the cat's reality becomes entangled with the outcome of the experiment! And it's our
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observation of the experiment that forces nature to "collapse" to one option or the
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other.
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But we're like the cat, too – either the cat dies and we see it dead, or the cat lives
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and we see it alive – so who's observing us to force nature to "collapse" to one reality?
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Or do both possibilities happen in parallel within a larger multiverse?
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This "collapsing to one reality" problem is one of the biggest unanswered questions in
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quantum physics. So for kitty's sake, can i has answer pleez?