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What does a working mother look like?
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If you ask the Internet, this is what you'll be told.
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Never mind that this is what you'll actually produce
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if you attempt to work at a computer with a baby on your lap.
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(Laughter)
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But no, this isn't a working mother.
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You'll notice a theme in these photos. We'll look at a lot of them.
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That theme is amazing natural lighting,
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which, as we all know,
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is the hallmark of every American workplace.
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There are thousands of images like these.
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Just put the term "working mother" into any Google image search engine,
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stock photo site.
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They're all over the Internet,
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they're topping blog posts and news pieces,
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and I've become kind of obsessed with them and the lie that they tell us
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and the comfort that they give us,
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that when it comes to new working motherhood in America,
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everything's fine.
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But it's not fine.
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As a country, we are sending millions of women back to work
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every year, incredibly and kind of horrifically soon
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after they give birth.
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That's a moral problem
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but today I'm also going to tell you why it's an economic problem.
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I got so annoyed and obsessed with the unreality of these images,
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which look nothing like my life,
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that I recently decided to shoot and star in a parody series of stock photos
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that I hoped the world would start to use
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just showing the really awkward reality of going back to work
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when your baby's food source is attached to your body.
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I'm just going to show you two of them.
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(Laughter)
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Nothing says "Give that girl a promotion" like leaking breast milk
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through your dress during a presentation.
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You'll notice that there's no baby in this photo,
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because that's not how this works,
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not for most working mothers.
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Did you know, and this will ruin your day,
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that every time a toilet is flushed, its contents are aerosolized
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and they'll stay airborne for hours?
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And yet, for many new working mothers,
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this is the only place during the day that they can find to make food
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for their newborn babies.
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I put these things, a whole dozen of them, into the world.
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I wanted to make a point.
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I didn't know what I was also doing was opening a door,
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because now, total strangers from all walks of life
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write to me all the time
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just to tell me what it's like for them to go back to work
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within days or weeks of having a baby.
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I'm going to share 10 of their stories with you today.
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They are totally real, some of them are very raw,
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and not one of them looks anything like this.
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Here's the first.
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"I was an active duty service member at a federal prison.
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I returned to work after the maximum allowed eight weeks for my C-section.
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A male coworker was annoyed that I had been out on 'vacation,'
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so he intentionally opened the door on me while I was pumping breast milk
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and stood in the doorway with inmates in the hallway."
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Most of the stories that these women, total strangers, send to me now,
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are not actually even about breastfeeding.
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A woman wrote to me to say,
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"I gave birth to twins and went back to work after seven unpaid weeks.
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Emotionally, I was a wreck.
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Physically, I had a severe hemorrhage during labor, and major tearing,
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so I could barely get up, sit or walk.
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My employer told me I wasn't allowed to use my available vacation days
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because it was budget season."
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I've come to believe that we can't look situations like these in the eye
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because then we'd be horrified,
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and if we get horrified then we have to do something about it.
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So we choose to look at, and believe, this image.
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I don't really know what's going on in this picture,
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because I find it weird and slightly creepy.
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(Laughter)
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Like, what is she doing?
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But I know what it tells us.
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It tells us that everything's fine.
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This working mother, all working mothers and all of their babies, are fine.
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There's nothing to see here.
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And anyway, women have made a choice,
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so none of it's even our problem.
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I want to break this choice thing down into two parts.
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The first choice says that women have chosen to work.
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So, that's not true.
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Today in America, women make up 47 percent of the workforce,
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and in 40 percent of American households
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a woman is the sole or primary breadwinner.
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Our paid work is a part, a huge part, of the engine of this economy,
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and it is essential for the engines of our families.
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On a national level, our paid work is not optional.
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Choice number two says that women are choosing to have babies,
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so women alone should bear the consequences of those choices.
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You know, that's one of those things
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that when you hear it in passing, can sound correct.
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I didn't make you have a baby.
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I certainly wasn't there when that happened.
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But that stance ignores a fundamental truth,
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which is that our procreation on a national scale is not optional.
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The babies that women, many of them working women, are having today,
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will one day fill our workforce, protect our shores,
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make up our tax base.
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Our procreation on a national scale is not optional.
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These aren't choices.
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We need women to work. We need working women to have babies.
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So we should make doing those things at the same time
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at least palatable, right?
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OK, this is pop quiz time:
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what percentage of working women in America do you think
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have no access to paid maternity leave?
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88 percent.
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88 percent of working mothers will not get one minute of paid leave
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after they have a baby.
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So now you're thinking about unpaid leave.
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It exists in America. It's called FMLA. It does not work.
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Because of the way it's structured, all kinds of exceptions,
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half of new mothers are ineligible for it.
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Here's what that looks like.
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"We adopted our son.
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When I got the call, the day he was born, I had to take off work.
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I had not been there long enough to qualify for FMLA,
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so I wasn't eligible for unpaid leave.
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When I took time off to meet my newborn son,
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I lost my job."
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These corporate stock photos hide another reality, another layer.
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Of those who do have access to just that unpaid leave,
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most women can't afford to take much of it at all.
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A nurse told me, "I didn't qualify for short-term disability
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because my pregnancy was considered a preexisting condition.
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We used up all of our tax returns and half of our savings
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during my six unpaid weeks.
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We just couldn't manage any longer.
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Physically it was hard, but emotionally it was worse.
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I struggled for months being away from my son."
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So this decision to go back to work so early,
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it's a rational economic decision driven by family finances,
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but it's often physically horrific
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because putting a human into the world is messy.
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A waitress told me,
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"With my first baby, I was back at work five weeks postpartum.
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With my second, I had to have major surgery after giving birth,
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so I waited until six weeks to go back.
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I had third degree tears."
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23 percent of new working mothers in America
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will be back on the job within two weeks of giving birth.
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"I worked as a bartender and cook, average of 75 hours a week while pregnant.
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I had to return to work before my baby was a month old,
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working 60 hours a week.
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One of my coworkers was only able to afford 10 days off with her baby."
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Of course, this isn't just a scenario with economic and physical implications.
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Childbirth is, and always will be, an enormous psychological event.
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A teacher told me,
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"I returned to work eight weeks after my son was born.
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I already suffer from anxiety,
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but the panic attacks I had prior to returning to work were unbearable."
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Statistically speaking,
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the shorter a woman's leave after having a baby,
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the more likely she will be to suffer from postpartum mood disorders
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like depression and anxiety,
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and among many potential consequences of those disorders,
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suicide is the second most common cause of death
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in a woman's first year postpartum.
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Heads up that this next story --
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I've never met this woman, but I find it hard to get through.
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"I feel tremendous grief and rage that I lost an essential,
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irreplaceable and formative time with my son.
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Labor and delivery left me feeling absolutely broken.
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For months, all I remember is the screaming: colic, they said.
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On the inside, I was drowning.
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Every morning, I asked myself how much longer I could do it.
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I was allowed to bring my baby to work.
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I closed my office door while I rocked and shushed
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and begged him to stop screaming so I wouldn't get in trouble.
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I hid behind that office door every damn day
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and cried while he screamed.
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I cried in the bathroom while I washed out the pump equipment.
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Every day, I cried all the way to work and all the way home again.
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I promised my boss that the work I didn't get done during the day,
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I'd make up at night from home.
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I thought, there's just something wrong with me that I can't swing this."
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So those are the mothers.
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What of the babies?
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As a country, do we care about the millions of babies
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born every year to working mothers?
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I say we don't,
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not until they're of working and tax-paying and military-serving age.
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We tell them we'll see them in 18 years,
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and getting there is kind of on them.
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One of the reasons I know this is that babies whose mothers
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have 12 or more weeks at home with them
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are more likely to get their vaccinations and their well checks in their first year,
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so those babies are more protected from deadly and disabling diseases.
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But those things are hidden behind images like this.
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America has a message for new mothers who work and for their babies.
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Whatever time you get together, you should be grateful for it,
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and you're an inconvenience
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to the economy and to your employers.
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That narrative of gratitude runs through a lot of the stories I hear.
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A woman told me,
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"I went back at eight weeks after my C-section
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because my husband was out of work.
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Without me, my daughter had failure to thrive.
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She wouldn't take a bottle.
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She started losing weight.
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Thankfully, my manager was very understanding.
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He let my mom bring my baby,
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who was on oxygen and a monitor,
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four times a shift so I could nurse her."
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There's a little club of countries in the world
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that offer no national paid leave to new mothers.
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Care to guess who they are?
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The first eight make up eight million in total population.
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They are Papua New Guinea, Suriname and the tiny island nations
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of Micronesia, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Niue, Palau and Tonga.
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Number nine is the United States of America,
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with 320 million people.
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Oh, that's it.
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That's the end of the list.
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Every other economy on the planet
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has found a way to make some level of national paid leave work
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for the people doing the work of the future of those countries,
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but we say, "We couldn't possibly do that."
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We say that the market will solve this problem,
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and then we cheer when corporations offer even more paid leave to the women
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who are already the highest-educated and highest-paid among us.
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Remember that 88 percent?
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Those middle- and low-income women are not going to participate in that.
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We know that there are staggering economic, financial, physical
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and emotional costs to this approach.
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We have decided -- decided, not an accident,
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to pass these costs directly on to working mothers and their babies.
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We know the price tag is higher for low-income women,
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therefore disproportionately for women of color.
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We pass them on anyway.
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All of this is to America's shame.
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But it's also to America's risk.
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Because what would happen
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if all of these individual so-called choices to have babies
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started to turn into individual choices not to have babies.
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One woman told me,