字幕表 動画を再生する
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To be or not to be? That is the question. Hi. James, from EngVid. We're looking at homonyms.
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What are they? Well, before we even go there, why don't we just go to the board for a second?
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I want to show you something. I'm sure you've heard this before. All right? English people
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say, "Those four things are for you." Okay. Four, for. How about this? "When you go to
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the store to buy the milk, swing by John's house and say bye to him for me." Now, a few
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of these words sound the same, but we know the meanings are not the same. And this is
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what we mean by homonyms. Okay? But I'm going to give you a little test before we get started
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on the lesson because I want to do some grammar. Let's look at the board.
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So Mr. E who wants to test thee, and he's giving you a little story. Now, bear in mind,
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when we're finished, at the end of the video or near the end, we're going to come back
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to this with the proper words and see what you've learned. "I want you to bare with me
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as I teach you to go on to the hire lessons on EngVid. When you complete the hole video,
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you will be a much better student because you will no how to read and right like a native
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speaker." Now, to a native speaker, actually, it's quite funny. What I just said, if they're
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not looking at the board, it's perfect English. But if you were to actually write this on
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paper, they would be scratching their heads going, "What is wrong with you?" 'Empty',
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'job', 'whole', 'no', and 'correct' don't make any sense. And probably, what I just
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said to you doesn't make any sense because you're thinking, "Huh? You wrote that, James.
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You should know." And you're right. And in a second or two, so will you. Ready?
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Okay. Ready? Let's do the grammar. Now, what are homonyms? Well, "nym" means "name". Right?
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We're here. I'm going to go off for a second so that you can see. "Nym" means "name". "Homo"
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means "same". So it means "same name". But this is a general term. And what we have to
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look at is not the general term but the individual terms for grammar. Because some teachers may
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say to you, "This is a homophone or homograph." And you're going to say, "What?" Well, I'll
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break it down for you.
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Homophone. Think your iPhone. Got the iTalk going here. "Phone "is for sound, right? Because
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we have "phonics", sounds. So what we have here is a homophone sounds the same, but it's
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spelled differently and has a different meaning. "Bare" and "bear". Right? In the story earlier,
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we talked about "bare", and it didn't look quite right? You were right because I was
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using a homophone. Okay? But it also could be a homograph. What? Too many words. We're
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going to simplify. You know what a graph is, right? It tells you how things are moving.
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Usually, graphs are written, right? So "graph". And we come to -- in English, we say "graphic".
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"He had graphic speech", which means, "He was saying something, or it was written very
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strongly." So written the same -- a word can be written the same, but it has a different
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meaning. "Bear" and "bear" -- notice this one's a noun, and this one's a verb. In case
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you're confused because I used the same thing over and over, why don't we just look over
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here. That might explain it to you. Okay.
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So we're looking over here. We've got "bare". The first "bare" is "not covering" or "no
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covering". If this is my bare arm, you will see there is no shirt. It's bare. I won't
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take the rest off and go bare because this is for children. This isn't an adult video.
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It also means "open to view". If I say, "My life is bare, laid bare", it means it's open.
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Anyone can look at it. If you have bare cupboards at home, there's nothing in them. Okay? They're
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empty. No covering. There's nothing inside. It's empty.
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When we look at "bear", it's almost the same, but this one's an adjective. But when we say
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"bear" as a verb, it means "to support". Well, you have, let's say, a wall. And you have
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a table. Okay? This is your table. If I put this on it, this is having a hard time supporting
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it. See? The table is not really stable. Once I put this on it, it cannot bear the weight.
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It will break. So when we talk about support and we say "bear" -- "Can it bear this?" -- it
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means, "Can it take the weight? Is it strong enough?" That's "bear" as a verb. Okay?
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But here, I'm going to give you a phrasal verb for free. I know you love me. When I
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say "bear with me", it means "Please, be patient with me." Right? "Support me. Give me some
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time to speak. Bear with me for a second." Right? "Bear" here is that big, scary animal,
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or it's a teddy bear in your house. It's an animal. So it can also be a noun, so you have
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to really be careful. Right? As a homograph, it can have two meanings. As a homophone,
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it can have two meanings. But the word is still the same. Bearing with the lesson? Let's
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continue.
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"Hire" -- "hire" is for jobs. And that's what you want, I'm sure. That's why a lot of you
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are studying English. And it's a verb. "Will you hire me? Is he hiring? Are they hiring?
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Can I get a job?" Okay. That's the verb. But "higher" is the comparative. There's low,
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low, low, and I'm going to go high, high, high. Right? Voice. My voice went higher.
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Okay? And lower. So price. Sometimes, we say, "This price is higher than the other price."
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It means it's more expensive. But don't use "higher" for people, people. Okay? He is not
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higher than you unless it's position in a job. He's "taller" than you. But "higher"
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can be, "Oh, look. That plane is going higher and higher, moving ever upwards or going up."
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Cool? All right.
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Now, what about "whole"? I like "whole". "Whole" means "complete". I often eat whole pizzas
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in one sitting. It means "complete" or "not damaged". You get the whole set. All of the
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pens. Everything came together. Okay? Complete or not damaged. Here's another "hole". The
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place I used to live in was a hole. It means "disgusting". I've actually taught in holes
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as well. It means a disgusting or not nice place. Some bars are holes. You don't want
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to go to them. But it also means -- you'll like this. Brought to you by the special effects
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of EngVid. A hole. A hole. This is a hole. Okay? I made a hole. A "hole" means a tear
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or a rip. When something is broken, when it's got a hole in it -- sometimes the hole is
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very small like this one here. That's a hole. So if you say there's a hole in it -- I go,
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"Ah, man. It's got a hole? I've got to get a new one now. It's got a hole in it." And
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I live in a hole; I've got a hole in my shirt; things are pretty bad for me right now. Okay?
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Or it could be a missing piece. If you say, "There is a hole in here", it means there's
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a piece not there. Here's a piece; there's the hole. All right.
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"Write". Duh! In English, it means "stupid". All of this is writing. When you do this,
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it's called "writing". I don't think I have to explain. Otherwise, we have to go to the
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basic level. All right? And the other one is "rights" and freedoms. In America, they
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have rights. All over the world, you want to get your rights and freedoms -- freedom
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to speak, freedom to vote. So "right" is something that your government or your -- I don't know
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-- charter of rights and freedoms gives you that says you're allowed to do certain things
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and no one is stop you from doing them. What are your rights? So, I mean, your rights -- that's
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a noun. "I have rights in this country. The right the drive. The right to vote. The right
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to serve my country." And "writing" is clearly the verb when you write a letter to your mother
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or write an email.
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But there's also another one, and this is "right", and I didn't quite put it under there,
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so I'll do it now. When you have this "right" as an active adjective, it means "correct".
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You are "correct". "He is right. He is correct." So we have three different meanings for "right".
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Cool?
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And finally, we're going too good do "no". Now, I didn't do a lot because "no" is basically
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-- it could be a noun, an adverb, an adjective, and a verb. But for most of you guys, you
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know what "no" means in your language, right? It's negative, right? So "no" in this case
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just means "negative". But the other "know" is to have information. Do you know what I'm
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talking about? I think you do. Don't say "no". You do know. Okay? So in this case, "Do you
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know? Do you have the information I need?". All right? So we've done our grammar, and
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we've done our vocabulary. Let's go back to that original story, okay? And I'm going to
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fill in the blanks, and you're going to help me. And then, we're going to know if we really
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know what we're talking about. Ready?
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So, test time. Remember the story we told before? I didn't write the whole story out.
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See? I used one of them again, "whole". But we've got the sentences. Why don't you take
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a look and tell me which should go there.
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"I want you to bare/bear with me." Now, with your new knowledge, is it "bare" or "bear"?
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That's right. B-a -- no. "Bear". If you don't remember, you're going to have to watch this
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video again, and you have to do the quiz when we're finished.
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How about this. "You go on to higher/hire lessons." "You get job? I get job now?" I
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don't think so, son.
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The "higher" lessons. Right?
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Now, what about this one? "Complete the whole/hole video." This is a "hole" video. It's a good
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video. I know what "hole" means in a bad way. It's a good video. So I want you to do like
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I do with the pizza and watch the "whole" video. And you will know -- "You will know!
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No do! No do!" Mr. E, where was he? Was he in this video? I think he was. I hope he was
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at the beginning. But you will "know" because I don't know right now if he was. You will
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know how to "right"? You are not correct. You must use the verb here. "Write like a
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native speaker." And also read, because if you don't know homonyms, you'll have a problem
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sometimes, right? When you're reading.
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So we've gone through these. You notice they're all different from the first ones. So then,
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you're smart enough to know I taught you ten vocabulary words and homonyms, homophones,
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and homographs. I hope you liked that. Mr. E's gone, which is a clue for me to go as
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well. Have a good day. But before I go, you need to go to www.engvid.com -- see this makes
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a W -- "eng" as in "English", "vid" as in "video", where you can learn more about your
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homographs, homonyms. There are a couple lessons on EngVid. And other stuff like conversation
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-- I like that. Anyway. Have a good one, and see you soon.
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I think that's the right thing to do, don't you?